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This document discusses soils and soil formation. It describes soils as being made up of mineral particles, organic remains, water, and air. Soils can be divided into horizons including the O horizon of organic material, the A horizon where humus builds up, the B horizon where minerals and organic matter are deposited, and the C horizon of unaltered rock. The document also states that soil formation is influenced by climate, organisms, relief, parent material, and time according to Jenny's 1941 model of soil formation.





