This document discusses soil conservation measures for non-agricultural lands. It defines non-agricultural lands as areas unsuitable for cultivation due to limitations like steep slopes or erosion. About 17% of India's total land area is considered wasteland. Soil conservation is important to prevent environmental hazards from erosion. Measures discussed include reforestation, mulching, strip planting, and terracing to stabilize soil and increase water absorption. Temporary, semi-permanent and permanent structures can be used to control erosion, ranging from brushwood poles to concrete dams.

1. Soil Conservation Control Measures in
Non-Agricultural lands
PRESENTED BY
Vishwanath Awati
(USN: 2VX15CWM23)

2. Soil conservation is the prevention of soil loss from erosion or reduced
fertility caused by over usage, acidification, salinization or other chemical soil
contamination.
Soil is important because soil is crucial for many aspects of human life as it
provides food, filters air and water and helps to decompose biological waste
into nutrients for new plant life.
Soil

3. Lands which are in present condition are unsuitable for
cultivation or for any kind of use. Also called as waste lands.
This is because they have one or more limitation of slope,
erosion, stoniness, shallow soils, wetness, flooding climate
etc
Non-Agricultural lands?

4. High
elivation
Steep slop
Floody
climate
Eroded
land

5. And further, a total area of about 56.6 m ha,about 17% of total area is
considered as wastelands(SOI).
Out of total area of 74.85 m ha of forest
land, it is estimated that about 26% area is
subjected to soil erosion(SOI).
Indian having total land of 336 m-ha
land out of 74.85m-ha covered by
forest land and 23m ha are covered by
non agricultural land

6. Classification of Wastelands
• Culturable Wastelands
These are cultivable wastelands which are not being
utilised to their full potential or are being mismanaged due to various
reasons such as State or private occupation or having being declared
as notified forest area.
Occupation Mismanaged

7. Unculturable Wastelands
These are the wastelands which
are not available for cultivation.
These include barren rocky
lands, steep sloping areas and
areas covered by snow or
glaciers.

8. What waste lands can do..?
Waste lands are the sources of
maximum sediment and runoff and
cause environmental hazards like
formation of gullies, droughts,
floods, siltation of reservoirs and
canals, landslides etc.

9. To prevent degradation of such lands through concentration of flow,
vegetative and Mechanical measures are used together and are
complementary to each other. Mechanical measures act as foundation
of the building while the vegetative act as the super structure.
What can do..?

10. Genaral principle of cotrol measures to increase baseflow

12. How changed from planting

13. Reforestation
Growing the forest again over the
lands where they were existing and was
destroyed due to fires, overgrazing, and
excessive cutting.
Reforestation checks water logging,
floods, soil erosion and increase
productivity of land

14. MULCHING
Here protective cover of organic
matter and plants like stalks, cotton stalks,
tobacco stalks etc. are used which reduce
evaporation, help in retaining soil
moisture and reduce soil erosion

15. Strip planting
Different kinds of crops are
planted in alternate strip along the
contour.
•It checks the flow of runoff
water, increases the
infiltration of water in the soil
and prevents soil erosion

16. TERRACING.
In this arrangement, the earth is
shaped in the form of levelled terraces to
hold soil and water. The terrace edges are
planted with such plant species which
anchor the soil

18. Small rill
Deeper crevices
Gully erosion
Extreme case

19. Temporary structure
Brush wood Poles , Wire etc Loose stones

20. Semi-Permanent
Earthen dam Gabian structure
(Mesh filled with local stone)

21. Permanent Structure
Concrete Structure Masonry structure