Modern agroforestry systems integrate modern farming and forestry techniques to increase output from an area. This document discusses several types of agroforestry systems including agrisilviculture, alley cropping, block plantation, and silvipasture. It provides examples of tree species used in different systems such as Populus deltoides, Eucalyptus tereticornis, and Prosopis juliflora. The document also presents a case study of an Indian farmer named Surinder Singh Harra who uses agroforestry techniques across his 100 acre farm.

1. Modern Agroforestry
Systems
:Vivek Chauhan
(16091)

2. Contents:
1. Introduction
2. Impacts
3. Products
4. Types
5. Systems
6. Tree species
7. Case study
8. References

3. INTRODUCTION:
• Modern agroforestry systems can be defined as agroforestry
systems that involve the integration of modern farming and
forestry techniques to get more output from a unit area in
unit time.
• These cover the integral part of agroforestry as defined in its
definition i.e:
“TREES+CROPS+LIVESTOCK”
Due to these sytems agroforestry is also being known now a
days as :
“The Future Farming”
They are also known (MAS’s) as the artificial systems or the
scientific systems of agroforestry.

4. Impacts:
• Economic stability.
• Diversification of local products and economies.
• Diversification of rural skills.
• Improved food and fuel security.
• Improvements to the cultural and natural environment.
• Landscape diversification.
• Reduction in risk of total crop failure.

5. Products:
• Food
• Fuel
• Timber
• Fodder and forage
• Fibre
• Gums and resins
• Medicinal products
• Craft products
• Recreation
• Ecological services

6. Types:
• Agrisilviculture : Tree + Crops
• Boundary Plantation : Trees on boundary + crops
• Block plantation : Trees + Crops
• Energy plantation : Trees + crops during initial year
• Alley cropping : Shrubs + crops
• Agrihorticulture : Fruit trees + crops
• Agrihortisilviculture : Trees + fruit trees + crops
• Agrisilvipasture : Trees + crops + pasture/animals
• Hortipasture : Fruit trees + pasture/animals
• Silvipasture : Trees + pasture/animals
• Shelterbelts : Trees +/- crops
• Windbreaks : Trees +/- crops
• Homesteads : Multiple combination of trees, fruit trees etc.
• Entomoforestry : Trees + Sericulture
• Aquaforestry : Trees + fish

8. AGRISILVICULTURAL SYSTEM

9. Poplar plantations:
Species used:
Poplus deltoides
Variety:
• G48 (grown in the plains of
Punjab,Haryana, UP)
• w22 (grown in mountainous regions, e.g.,
Himachal Pradesh, Pathankot, Jammu)

10. Alley cropping

11. Trees along borders of crop fields Alternate strips or alley cropping
Random mixture Strip plantation

14. • Crop combination with plantation crops:
In tea gardens:Albizia chinensis was the first tree used as
shade tree. Albizia odoratissima, Dalbergia sissoo, Erythrina
indica etc. were also introduced simultaneously in different
tea gardens (Barua, 2007).

15. • Multipurpose trees and shrubs on
farmlands:
Species used:
Toona ciliata
Grewia optiva
Azadirachta indica
Melia dubia
Madhuca longifolia
Terminalia alata
Terminalia arjuna
Ficus auriculata
Bombex ceiba
Aegle marmelos
Alnus nepalensis etc.

16. Shelter-belts

17. Wind-breaks
Species used (windbreaks and shelterbelts):
Dodonaia viscosa, Cassia sp., Clerodendron, Acacia arabica, Dalbergia,
Eucalyptus, Parkinsonia, Prosopis etc.
Source:http://agriinfo.in

18. Soil conservation hedges

19. Multistory Agroforestry:

20. • Protein bank:
In this Silvipastoral system, various multipurpose trees (protein rich
trees) are planted in or around farmlands and range lands for cut and
carry fodder production to meet the feed requirement of livestock
during the fodder deficit period in winter.
Example: Acacia nilotica, Albizia lebbeck, Azadirachta indica, Leucaena
leucocephala, Gliricidia sepium, Sesbania grandiflora.
• Living fence of fodder trees and hedges:
In this system, various fodder trees and hedges are planted as live
fence to protect the property from stray animals or other biotic
influences.
Example: Gliricidia sepium, Sesbania grandiflora, Erythrina sp, Acacia
sp.
SILVOPASTORAL SYSTEM

21. • Trees and shrubs on pasture:
In this system, various tree and shrub species are scattered
irregularly or arranged according to some systemic pattern to
supplement forage production.
Example: Acacia nilotica, Acacia leucophloea ,Tamarindus indica,
Azadirachta indica

22. Other Agroforestry System
a) Horti-pastoral System:
Cultivation of Horticultural crops plus pastures.
b) Agri-Horti-Pastoral System:
In this system, in the marginal lands the fruit crops like Mango, Ber, Anona, Jamun, Tamrind,
Wood apple etc. are taken along with forest trees and the food grains like, Peas, Gram,
Wheat, Rice, Vegetables are taken.
c) Apiculture with Trees:
In this system, the flowering trees like Kanchan Jacaranda Spathodia, Erythrina, Krate sawar,
Palas are planted for producing the honey in addition to Jamun, Mahuha, Ecualyptus like trees
are also planted for honey collection.
d) Aqua Forestry:
Plants grown on the boundary around fish ponds like Casuriana, Coconut, Arecanut, Kokum,
Babhul, Bamboo, etc.
e) Multipurpose Wood Lots:
The specific multipurpose trees are grown mixed or separately on the farm like Australin
babhul, Euclayputs, Subabhul, Bakan, Bamboo etc.

23. Lycopersicon esculentum, Grewia optiva and Punica granatum in Agri-silvi-horticulture
system.
Source:
Agri-Silvi-Horticulture System:

24. Source:
Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural
University
Pusa, Samastipur - 848 125, Bihar, India
Agri-Horticulture System:
“Litchi and turmeric”

25. Silvi- sericulture:
Species used:
Eri silkworm:castor leaves.
Tasar silkworms :trees of Terminalia species and on oak.
Mulberry Silk worms: mulberry leaves.
Muga silkworm :shrubs – Machilus bombycina and Litsae
polyantha.
Source:https://www.agrifarming.in/mulberry-cultivation/
And silk board of india.

26. Species used:
Willows
Oaks
Aponogeton etc.

28. Tree Species

29. FSIreport.
important

31. Nitrogen Fixing Species:
• Alnus nepalensis
• Leucaena leucocephala
• Albizia lebbeck
• Sesbania grandiflora
• Casuarina equestifolia etc.

32. Exotic tree species:
(most common)
• Poplar (Populus deltoides)
This tree was was introduced to India in the 1950s, from the United
States of America. It is now widely grown all over northern India and is
considered an agroforestry tree because of its desirable characteristics
and multiple uses. It is widely grown on a rotation of six to eight years.

33. • Eucalyptus tereticornis
This tree was introduced to India from Australia around
1790. Now, its cultivation has spread to nearly the whole of
the Indian subcontinent.

34. • Prosopis juliflora
• Introduced a century ago from South America, this tree (Fig. 4)
is locally known as "kabuli kikar." It has successfully
established itself on almost all the habitats including saline
lands, alkali lands, wastelands, road sides, field boundaries
and common lands. It is an evergreen tree

35. • Leucaena leucocephala
This tree is an exotic tree introduced from Hawaii, USA. Indians
perceived it as a miracle tree as it provides fodder, fuel,
pulpwood and timber.

36. CASE STUDY:
• Owner: Surinder Singh Harra
• Location : Yamunanagar district, haryan.
• Area- 100 acres.
• Agroforestry systems:
a) Agrihortisilviculture
b) Aquaforestry
c) Agrisilvipasture
• Dr.Norman Borlaug (first agricultural scientist to win a nobel prize)-
“Hara has taken farming a step beyond what I had thought”

38. Reference:
• http://www.organicresearchcentre.com/
• http://www.sunday-guardian.com/news/innovator-in-agro-forestry-
impresses-world
• http://www.worldagroforestry.org/Units/Library/Books/Book%2007
/agroforestry%20a%20decade%20of%20development/html/3_agrof
orestory%20in%20india.htm?n=16
• http://fsi.nic.in/cover_2013/treesinggroforestry.pdf
• https://www.slideshare.net/VivekSrivastava22/agroforestry-
systems-and-architecture
• http://www.fao.org/docrep/008/af338e/af338e06.htm
• http://bioresonline.org/article/tree-species-with-potential-of-
nitrogen-fixation-in-agroforestry-system-adopted-by-farmers-in-
semi-arid-region-of-southern-india/
• https://www.slideshare.net/SabariNathan64/integrated-farming-
system-61784067
• The Tribune(newspaper)
• https://www.rpcau.ac.in/litchi-based-agri-horticultural-
system/litchi-turmeric/
• Reports of FAO.

39. Thank You..!