This document defines and explains various sociolinguistic terms related to language, dialects, and language varieties. It provides definitions for 50 terms, including language, dialect, patois, standardization, standard English, vitality, historicity, autonomy, reduction, mixture, de facto norm, regional dialect, received pronunciation, dialect geography, dialect boundary, isogloss, accent, style, register, competence, performance, non-standard variety, variety, sociolect, creole, lingua franca, pidgin, norms, class, prestige, caste, ethnicity, vernacular, idiolect, social dialect, social network, homogeneous, bilingual, and multilingual. The document was created by students and

1. SOCIOLINGUISTIC TERMS
(Language, Dialect and Varieties)
Created by group 1
Iponiasih
Uzlifat fatmawati
Saturi nuryani
The lecturer:
Erna irawati M.pd.
ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARTMENT TEACHER
TRAINING AND EDUCATION FACULTY
UNIVERSITAS MATHLA’UL ANWAR BANTEN
2015

2. SOCIOLINGUISTIC TERMS
1. Language is system in communication and speech and writing used by people of a
particular country
2. Dialect is form of language used in part of country
3. Patois is a regional dialect, or a jargon belonging to a particular group of people.
4. Mutually intelligible is situation where speakers of 2 different varieties are able to
understand one another's speech
5. Standardization is the process of the development of grammar, spelling books, and
dictionaries, and possibly a literature of a language.
6. Standard English is that variety of English, which is usually, used print, and which is
normally taught in schools and to non-native speakers learning the language and the
variety, which is normally spoken by educated people and used in news broadcasts and
other similar situations.
7. Vitality is the existence of a living community of speakers.
8. Historicity is particular group of people finds a sense of identity through using a particular
language: it belongs to them. Social, political, religious, or ethnic ties, may also be
important for the group.
9. Autonomy is a language must be felt by its speakers to be different from other languages.
10. Reduction is the fact that a particular variety may be regarded as a sub-variety rather than
as an independent entity.
11. Mixture is feelings speakers have about the ‘purity’ of the variety they speak.
12. A de facto norm is the feeling that many speakers have that there are both ‘good’ speaker
and ‘poor’ speaker and that the good speakers represent the norms of proper usage.
13. Regional dialect is the differences pronunciation, the choice in forms of words, and syntax
in wide geographical area.
14. Received Pronunciation is one English accent that has achieved a certain eminence.
15. Dialect is a particular form of a language which is specific to one region or social group
16. Dialect geography is the term used to describe attempts made to map the distributions of
various linguistic features to show their geographical provenance.
17. Dialect boundary is the result of when several such isoglosses coincide.

3. 18. Isogloss is maps are drawn to show actual boundary lines between regions using different
dialects.
19. Accent is phonetic qualities of a language variety which identifies it to speakers of other
varieties as different from their own
20. Network English is the most generalized accent in North America.
21. Style: is a set of linguistic variants with specific social meanings. In this context, social
meanings can include group membership, personal attributes, or beliefs.
22. Register: is a variety of a language used for a particular purpose or in a particular social
setting.
23. Receptive: open to argument, ideas, or change. “Receptive to reason and the logic of
fact”.
24. Productive: native speakers use a particular grammatical process, especially in word
formation.
25. Competence: the ability to speak and understand language.
26. Performance: the way the language system is used in communication.
27. Non-standard variety is a variety of language containing forms that are viewed
pejoratively in the community; generally considered "incorrect" by prescriptive grammar.
28. Variety is a cover term used to refer to language used by a particular speech community; it
merely implies that some set of sociolinguistic norms is present
29. Sociolect (or Ethnolect) is a variety of language associated with a particular social group
30. Creole is a variety that arises as the native language of the children of members of a
pidgin speech community
31. lingua franca is a language used for the primary purpose of communicating across speech
communities whose members speak different languages usually the second language of all
speakers involved
32. pidgin is a variety that emerges when speakers of different languages are brought together
in a stable situation requiring intergroup communicational it has no native speakers and
generally is considered to have a reduced grammatical system relative to a non-pidgin
33. Linguistics factors is linguistic properties that may be correlated with structured variation
(e.g. at te beginning of a word, before a vowel etc.)
34. Standard variety is the variety of language spoken by the most powerful group in a
community and generally held to be "correct" by prescriptive grammarians.
35. NORMs is Non-mobile older rural males

4. 36. Class (socio-economic status) is social distinctions in studies of industrialized societies
(how people are ranked like upper class, middle, lower class etc.)
37. prestige is the social value attached to a linguistic variant considered to be the one used by
the group holding the highest esteem in the community; frequently also believed to be the
grammatically "correct" form.
38. caste is a heredity social group that is prohibited from having contact with members of
other castes
39. language myths is unsubstantiated beliefs about a language variety
40. ethnicity is an involuntary group of people who share the same culture or descendants of
such people who identify themselves and/or identified by others as belonging to the same
involuntary group
41. Social grouping is assignation of speakers to defined categories and then correlate those
categories with quantitative differences in linguistic behaviors.
42. Vernacular is in this text, usually used to refer neutrally to the linguistic variety used by a
speaker or a community as the medium for everyday and home interaction. In some
linguistic work, the term may be associated with the notion of non-standard norms.
43. Idiolect is Idiosyncrasies of individual speech
44. Regional dialect is a way of pronouncing a language which is common to a region
45. Social dialect is a dialect associated with a particular social group or class
46. British Black English is a distinct variety of English used by black people in Britain
47. Social network is the different groups of people you have contact with on a regular basis
48. Homogeneous is speech community heterogeneous
49. Bilingual is speaking or using two languages
50. Multilingual is speaking or using more than two language