Settlements are places where people live, including cities, towns, villages, and hamlets. Settlements are situated in locations that provide natural advantages like access to water, defensive positioning, transportation routes, resources, ports, markets, manufacturing capabilities, and education or religious centers. The functions of different settlements, like being market towns, industrial centers, ports, or resorts, influenced their growth. Settlement patterns were also influenced by surrounding land, with common patterns including dispersed, nucleated, and linear configurations of buildings.

1. Settlement Learning objectives: To understand what a settlement is To know why settlements are situated where they are. Definition: a settlement is a place where people live. It can be a city, town, village or a hamlet

2. What are the differences between urban areas and rural areas? www.harcourtschool.com www.etrippers.com Urban areas – Towns and cities Rural areas – Villages and the countryside

3. Water supply

4. Defence

5. Routeways

6. Relief

7. Distance

8. Resources

9. Ports

10. Market centres

11. Manufacturing centres

12. Resorts and Spas

13. Education Centres

14. Religious centres

15. Railways Towns

16. Planned towns

17. How were settlement sites chosen? The site is the place where the town or village grew up. A site was chosen because of its natural advantages . The more natural advantages a place had, the more likely it was to grow.

18. Settlement functions For a settlement to grow up in the first place, it had to have a special function (use). Different settlement grew up with different functions. Market towns – places where people could buy and sell things. Industrial towns – places where goods were manufactured in factories Ports – places where goods are brought into and sent out of the country. Holiday resorts – places where people go on holiday to relax.

19. Settlement patterns The settlement pattern refers to the shape of the village. This was usually influenced by the surrounding area. There are main patterns: A dispersed settlement – buildings are spread out. A nucleated settlement – buildings are grouped together. A linear settlement – building are found in a line.