This document outlines strategies for improving reading skills at the primary level. It defines reading as a multifaceted process involving word recognition, comprehension, and fluency. The importance of reading is discussed, including to get information, develop understanding, and for pleasure. Different types of reading are described such as independent, guided, and shared reading. The document then provides several strategies teachers can use to improve students' reading abilities, including modeling reading, using before, during, and after reading activities, and developing oral language and vocabulary skills.

1. By
Javed Iqbal Anjum PDT of PDCN
for EDIP Project

2. Outline
1. Objectives
2. Learning outcomes
3. What is reading?
4. Why reading?
5. Types of writing
6. Reading improvement strategies

3. Learning outcomes
 By the end of this session, C.Ps could be
able to;
Define reading,
Share the types and importance of reading,
Develop some strategies to improve students’ at
primary level.

4. What is reading?
 Reading is a multifaceted process involving word recognition,
comprehension, fluency, and motivation. Learn how readers
integrate these facets to make meaning from print.( Diane
Henry Leipzig)
 Reading is making meaning from print. It requires that we:
 Identify the words in print – a process called word recognition
 Construct an understanding from them – a process called
comprehension
 Coordinate identifying words and making meaning so that
reading is automatic and accurate – an achievement called
fluency

5. Cont….
 Reading is the way a person gets information
from written letters and words. A person can
read using sight or touch, such as when a vision-
impaired person reads braille. http://www.nichd
.nih.gov/health/topics/reading.cfm
 Reading is asking questions of printed text. And
reading with comprehension becomes a matter
of getting your questions answered.
- Frank Smith in Reading Without Nonsense
(1997)

6. Why reading
 To get an overview
 To locate specific information
 Practical application
 To develop detailed and analytical understanding
 Pleasure reading/Free-range reading
 Choose reading material in a subject that interests
your student.
 Provide your student with a task
 Explain new vocabulary.
http://www.ehow.com/how_7553910_improve-students-reading-
ability.html

7. Cont…
 The Purpose of Reading.
 The purpose of reading is to connect the ideas on the
page to what you already know. If you don't know
anything about a subject, then pouring words of text
into your mind is like pouring water into your hand.
You don't retain much. For example, try reading these
numbers:
 7516324 This is hard to read and remember.
 751-6324 This is easier because of chunking.
 123-4567 This is easy to read because of prior
knowledge and structure.

8. Types of Reading
 Independent Reading
 Guided Reading
 Shared Reading
 Intensive Reading
 Extensive Reading
 skimming
 scanning

9. How to improve reading
 Active listening
 Model reading
 Silent reading
 Reading aloud
 Language experience
 Cooperative learning (Palar)
 Guided Reading
 Independent Reading

10. Knowledge and Skills for
Reading
 Oral language
 Prior knowledge and experience
 Concept about print
 Phonemic awareness
 Letter sound relation
 Vocabulary for reading
 High order thinking
 Skillshttp://www.edu.gov.on.ca/eng/document/reports/reading/effective.html

11. Pre Reading
1. Before and after chart
2. Structured overview
3. Scanning and Skimming
4. Making prediction
5. Reading pictures
6. Brainstorming

12. While Reading
 Reciprocal Reading
 Cooperative Cloze
 3 H strategy
 Fit in
New South Wales Department of Education and Training

13. After Reading
 Reflect on reading
 Make a summary

14. Food for Thought

15. Thank You