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Self-Disclosure
What is Self-Disclosure
 Transferring information from the
 hidden self to the open self

 Can be consciously or unconsciously
 done

 Includes disclosing information about
 others which will impact oneself

 Irreversible
1. Who We Are – our personality
  ex.
  introverted/extroverted, confidence

               - the more social a person
 is, the more likely they will self-disclose
2. Culture – different cultures have different
 views on self-disclosure, and the topics you
 disclose about
Ex. masculine versus feminine cultures
     (the showing of emotions)
3. Gender – the male and female psyche are
           inherently different
 ex. women tend to disclose more than men
4. The Listener – the no. of listeners
 (generally, the more listeners, the less
 willing to self-disclose)
                - the relationship with the
 listener/listeners
                - liking those with whom you
                self-disclose
                       - the dyadic effect
5. Topic – certain topics are more “taboo”
 than others

6. Channel of Communication
– actually affects our willingness to
 self-disclose
Ex. Online versus face-to-face
a. Revealing too much
-“knowledge is power”
-people can use information
for other purposes

b. Rejection/Loss of Self-Confidence
- people might not support or like what
  you disclose about yourself


Risks
c. Material Loss
- sensitive information, if revealed, can
  cause a person to lose his
  job, status, ranking, etc.




Risks
1. Self-Knowledge/Understanding
- gain insight and a new perspective on
 oneself

2. Coping with Problems
- lighten the “burden” of a problem
- support/advice coming from others helps




Rewards
3. Improving Communication with Others
- the more we understand the other
  person, the better we can communicate with
  them

4. Establish Meaningful Relationships
- self-disclosing shows trust to that
  person, while listening to the other shows
  respect and care

Rewards
Guidelines for Self-Disclosing
1. Making Self-Disclosures

2. Responding to Disclosures

3. Resisting Pressure to Self-
 Disclose
Making Disclosures
                 RAB-OP
Reason – examine own motivations
Appropriateness – is the
 context, relationship, time and place
 appropriate?
Burdens – consider the burdens the
 disclosure might cause you or the listener
Other Person - give others a chance to
 reciprocate with their own disclosures
Responding to Disclosures
                HELBR
Hush – keep disclosures confidential
Encourage – express support for the
  person
Listen – listen actively, with empathy and
  with an open mind
(don’t) Blackmail – don’t use disclosure
  against the other
Respond – reciprocate by also disclosing
Resisting Pressure to Self-
Disclose
                  RIA
Resist – don’t get pushed into saying
 something you don’t want to
Indirect – change the topic and avoid
 questions that prompt you to self-
 disclose
Assert Position – directly but
 respectfully refuse

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Self disclosure

  • 2. What is Self-Disclosure  Transferring information from the hidden self to the open self  Can be consciously or unconsciously done  Includes disclosing information about others which will impact oneself  Irreversible
  • 3. 1. Who We Are – our personality ex. introverted/extroverted, confidence - the more social a person is, the more likely they will self-disclose
  • 4. 2. Culture – different cultures have different views on self-disclosure, and the topics you disclose about Ex. masculine versus feminine cultures (the showing of emotions)
  • 5. 3. Gender – the male and female psyche are inherently different ex. women tend to disclose more than men 4. The Listener – the no. of listeners (generally, the more listeners, the less willing to self-disclose) - the relationship with the listener/listeners - liking those with whom you self-disclose - the dyadic effect
  • 6. 5. Topic – certain topics are more “taboo” than others 6. Channel of Communication – actually affects our willingness to self-disclose Ex. Online versus face-to-face
  • 7. a. Revealing too much -“knowledge is power” -people can use information for other purposes b. Rejection/Loss of Self-Confidence - people might not support or like what you disclose about yourself Risks
  • 8. c. Material Loss - sensitive information, if revealed, can cause a person to lose his job, status, ranking, etc. Risks
  • 9. 1. Self-Knowledge/Understanding - gain insight and a new perspective on oneself 2. Coping with Problems - lighten the “burden” of a problem - support/advice coming from others helps Rewards
  • 10. 3. Improving Communication with Others - the more we understand the other person, the better we can communicate with them 4. Establish Meaningful Relationships - self-disclosing shows trust to that person, while listening to the other shows respect and care Rewards
  • 11. Guidelines for Self-Disclosing 1. Making Self-Disclosures 2. Responding to Disclosures 3. Resisting Pressure to Self- Disclose
  • 12. Making Disclosures RAB-OP Reason – examine own motivations Appropriateness – is the context, relationship, time and place appropriate? Burdens – consider the burdens the disclosure might cause you or the listener Other Person - give others a chance to reciprocate with their own disclosures
  • 13. Responding to Disclosures HELBR Hush – keep disclosures confidential Encourage – express support for the person Listen – listen actively, with empathy and with an open mind (don’t) Blackmail – don’t use disclosure against the other Respond – reciprocate by also disclosing
  • 14. Resisting Pressure to Self- Disclose RIA Resist – don’t get pushed into saying something you don’t want to Indirect – change the topic and avoid questions that prompt you to self- disclose Assert Position – directly but respectfully refuse