The document provides an outline for a module on self and Filipino society for a National Service Training Program. It discusses key concepts like self-awareness, Filipino values, and the roots of the Filipino character. The module aims to develop awareness of oneself, identify values that give meaning to life, and explain what values clarification means. It will also identify values that should be strengthened in the Filipino character like patriotism, good citizenship, faith in God, respect for humanity, love for country, and care for nature.

1. PAMANTASAN NG LUNGSOD NG MAYNILA
(University of the City of Manila)
General Luna St., cor. Muralla St.
Intramuros, Manila, Philippines
OFFICE OF THE NATIONAL SERVICE
TRAINING PROGRAM
Tel: 643-2563
nstp@plm.edu.ph
NSTP –CWTS Specific Module 1
Self and Filipino Society
OBJECTIVES
- Develop a broader and deeper awareness of themselves
- Describe the basic human emotions
- Identify the values that give meaning and fulfilment to life
- Explain what values clarification means
- Identify the values which should be strengthen in
the Filipino Character

2. TOPIC OUTLINE
A. NATURE OF SELF
B. SELF-AWARENESS FILIPINO VALUES
C. PERSONAL DEVELOPMENT PLANS
D. ROOTS OF THE FILIPNO CHARACTER
E. NATIONALISM AND PATRIOTISM PROGRAM
F. GOOD CITIZENSHIP
F.1 PAGKAMAKA-DIYOS
F.2 PAGKAMAKA-TAO
F.3 PAGKAMAKA-BAYAN
F.4 PAGKAMAKA-KALIKASAN
METHODOLOGY
1. Online Blended Platform
2. PowerPoint Presentation
3. Lecture/ Discussion
4. Video/ Media
Presentation

4. NATURE OF SELF
SELF - refers to a person’s essential being that distinguishes them from
others, especially considered as the object of introspection or reflexive action.
ASPECT OF SELF
1. PHYSICAL SELF - the felt sense of the self and includes the physical
body. It covers perceptions of our body; the images we have of our
body – how fat, thin, muscular and so forth.

5. NATURE OF SELF
ASPECT OF SELF
2. SPIRITUAL SELF - consists of all your internal thoughts and
interceptions about your values and moral standards
How do I recognize and Understand the
Spirit

6. NATURE OF SELF
ASPECT OF SELF
3. SOCIAL SELF - part of our self that is openly shared with others in
various social situations such as work, home, with friends and so forth.

7. NATURE OF SELF
ASPECT OF SELF
4. EMOTIONAL SELF - an aspect that help you connect, process and
reflect on a range of emotions.

9. Self-concept – is how we think about and evaluate ourselves. To be aware of oneself
is to have a concept of oneself.
Lewis (1990) suggests that development of a concept of self has two aspects:
A. The Existential Self – most basic part of the self-scheme or self-concept – “ the
sense of being separate and distinct from others and the awareness of the
constancy of the self” (Bee 1992).
B. The Categorical Self – having realized that he or she exists as a separate
experiencing being.
Carl Rogers (1959) believed that self-concept has three different components:
1. SELF - IMAGE - the view you have of yourself
a. Physical Description
– physical attributes of a person that can be seen by the naked eye (tall, dark, blue
eyes… etc.)
b. Social Roles
– We are all social beings whose behavior is shaped to some extent by the roles we
play (roles as student, housewife…etc.)
THE SELF-CONCEPT IN PSYCHOLOGY

10. Carl Rogers (1959) believed that self-concept has three different components:
2. IDEAL SELF - what you’d like to be can be influenced by:
a. Ways in which others react to us
b. How we think compare to others
c. Social Roles
d. Extent to which we identify with other people
THE SELF-CONCEPT IN PSYCHOLOGY
3. SELF-ESTEEM AND SELF-WORTH – the extent to which you value
yourself
a. High Self-esteem - positive view of ourselves. This tends to lead
to:
• Confidence in your own abilities
• Not worrying about what others think
• Self acceptance
• Optimism
b. Low Self-esteem - negative view of ourselves. This tends to
lead to:
• Lack of confidence
• Want to be/look like someone else

11. 1 2
3 4
Reaction of
others
Comparison with
others
Social Roles Identification
Major Factors that Influence Self-
esteem

13. SELF – AWARENESS - Having a clear perception of your personality,
including strengths,
weaknesses, thoughts, beliefs, motivations, and
emotions.
- Allows you to understand other people, how they
perceive you,
your attitude and your responses to them in the
moment.
Self Awareness as Tool for Effectiveness
 Knowing your STRENGTHS and WEAKNESSES
 Developing intuitive decision-making skills.
 Skill Development
 Managing stress
 Motivation
 Developing Leadership

14. Human Behavior Essential for Obtaining Self-Success
 An Independent
 Self-Confidence
 Persistence
 A BIG imagination
 A Thick Skin
 Clarity of Self-
Understanding
 Clarity of Intent
 Focus
 Optimism
 Passion

15. Key Areas of Self-Awareness
 Personality We don’t normally change our personalities, values and
needs based on what we learn about ourselves; but an
understanding of our personalities can help us find situations in
which we will thrive, and help us avoid situations in which we will
experience too much stress.
 Values - It’s important that we each know and focus on our
personal values. When we focus on our values, we are more likely to
accomplish what we consider most important.
 Habits - Our habits are the behaviors that we repeat routinely and
often automatically.
 Emotions - Understanding your own feelings, what causes them,
and how they impact your thoughts and actions are emotional self-
awareness.
 Needs - On of the advantages of knowing which needs the
strongest influence on our own behaviors is the ability to
understand how they affect our interpersonal relationships.

16. IMPORTANCE OF SELF-AWARENESS
Combination
of
personality
and
principles to
make a
profound
difference
PRINCIPLES
Clear personal
navigation
system within
purpose,
values, and
vision that
always leads
the way
PURPOSE
Interactions
that really
matter are
the ones that
come from
the heart
POTENTIAL
Heart based
leadership
begins with
knowing
yourself to
lead others
LEADING

19. JOHARI WINDOW
 Named after the first names of its inventors, Joseph Luft and Harry
Ingham, one of the most useful models describing the process of
human interaction.
 A four paned “window,” divides personal awareness into four
different types, as represented by its four quadrants: open, blind,
hidden and unknown.
 1. OPEN / FREE AREA – what is known by the person about
him/herself and is also known by others (open area, open self, free
area, free self or the “arena”)
 2. BLIND AREA- what is unknown by the person about him/herself
but which others know (blind area, blind self, or the “blindspot”)
 3. HIDDEN AREA – what the person knows about him/herself that
others do not know (hidden area, hidden self, avoided area, or
“façade”)
 4. UNKNOWN AREA – what is unknown by the person about

21. FORMATION OF VALUES:
1. Personal Values: Values endorsed by an individual.
2. Moral Values: Values that help determine what is morally right or wrong.
3. Aesthetic Values: values associated with the evaluation of artwork or
beauty.
4. Universal Values: They are the set of norms of coexistence that are valid,
accepted by a community at a certain time, but also shared by the vast
majority of people around the world.
5. Human Values: Norms and principles that are taught to us from birth and
grow as an intrinsic part of our being.
6. Social Values: set of beliefs broader and accepted by a society that shares
VALUES – a person’s principles or standards of behavior; one’s judgement
of what is important in life
FILIPINO VALUES - are cultural norms a group of Filipinos come to accept
as standard.
- standards or principles set forth by the Filipino society as basis for
what is right or wrong, the principles on which every member of the
Filipino society should persevere to attain in order to reach the ultimate
realization of his life, regarding his person and in relation to his family and
society in general.

22. Strengths of the Filipino
Character
Results
1. Bayanihan/ Unity Camaraderie and feeling of closeness to one another;
foundation for unity as well as sense of social justice;
connotation of getting along with people
2. Family Oriented Feeling of belongingness and rootedness and a basic
sense of security
3. Sense of Humor Emotional balance, optimism, a healthy disrespect for
power and office and the capacity to survive
4. Adaptability and Resilience /
Resourcefulness and Creativity
Productivity, innovation, entrepreneurship, equanimity
and survival
5. Hardwork and Industry Productivity and entrepreneurship for some and survival
despite poverty for others
FACES OF FILIPINO VALUES

23. 6. Faith and Religiosity Courage, daring, optimism, inner peace, as well as the
capacity to genuinely accept tragedy and death.
7. Thriftiness Bravely live through the harshest economic and social
circumstances
8. Politeness customed to using “po” and “opo” to the elderly
9. Gratefulness warm friendly feelings of gratitude
10. Bravery admirable quality of being able to confront frightening
things
11. Hospitable When a person visits a friend’s house, the host greets
him or her with a very warm welcome
12. Generosity and Helpfulness Even when we have very little, we always share with
those around us.

24. Weaknesses of the Filipino
Character
Results
1. Extreme Personalism Leads to graft and corruption
2. Extreme Family
Centeredness
Lack of concern for the common good and acts as the
block to national consciousness.
3. Lack of Discipline Inefficient and wasteful work systems, violation of rules
leading to more serious transgressions and a casual
work ethics leading to carelessness and lack of follow
through
4. Passivity and Lack of
Initiative
Easily resigned to one’s fate and thus easily oppressed
and exploited
5. Colonial Mentality Basic feeling of national inferiority that makes it difficult
for them to relate as equal to Westerners.
6. Kanya-kanya Syndrome Dampening of cooperative and community spirit and in
the trampling upon of the rights of others
7. Lack of Self- Analysis and
Self – Reflection
Emphasis on form more than substance.

25. ROOTS OF THE FILIPINO CHARACTER
1. Family & Home Environment
The main components of the home environment:
Child rearing practices Child rearing can be both difficult and rewarding at
the same time. The goal of every parent is to have your child grow up to be
a respectable and resourceful adult in society.
Child rearing in the Filipino family is characterized by:
 High Nurturance
 Low independence training
 Low discipline
 In a large family where we are encouraged to get along with our
siblings and other relatives, we learn pakikipagkapwa-tao.
 In an authoritarian setting we learn respect for age and authority; at the
same time we become passive and dependent on authority.
 Children are taught to value family and to give it primary importance.
Family relations

26. 2. The Social Environment
The main components of the social environment are:
• social structures
• social systems such as:
- Interpersonal religious
- Community interaction.
3. Culture and Language
Filipino culture rewards such:
• traits and corresponding behavioural patterns develop because they
make one more likable and enable life to proceed more easily.
• an openness to the outside which easily incorporates foreign elements
without a basic consciousness of our cultural core
Language
- Language and culture cannot be separated. language is vital to
understanding our unique cultural perspectives. language is a tool that is
used to explore and experience our cultures and the perspectives that are
embedded in our cultures

27. 4. History
We are the product of our colonial history, which is regarded by many as
the culprit behind our lack of nationalism and our colonial mentality.
Colonialism developed a mind-set in the Filipino which encouraged us
to think of the colonial power as superior and more powerful.
5. Educational System
• Aside from the problems inherent in the use of a foreign language in
our educational system, the educational system leads to other problems
for us as a people.
•The lack of suitable local textbooks and dependence on foreign
textbooks, particularly in the higher school levels,
Aside from the influences of the formal curriculum, there are the
influences of the "hidden curriculum" i.e., the values taught informally
by the Philippine school system:
• Schools are highly authoritarian, with the teacher as the central focus.
• The Filipino student learns passivity and conformity

28. 6. Religion - is the root of Filipino optimism and its capacity to accept
life's hardships. However, religion also instils in the Filipino attitudes
of resignation and a pre- occupation with the afterlife. We become
vulnerable also to being victimized by opportunism, oppression,
exploitation, and superstition.
7. Economic Environment
Many Filipino traits are rooted in the poverty and hard life that is the lot of
most Filipinos. Our difficulties drive us to take risks, impel us to work very
hard, and develop in us the ability to survive.
• Poverty, however, has also become an excuse for graft and corruption,
particularly among the lower rungs of the bureaucracy.
8. Political Environment
The Philippine political environment is characterized by a centralization of
power.
Political power and authority is concentrated in the hands of the elite and the
participation of most Filipinos often is limited to voting in elections.

29. 9. Mass Media
-It is the primary means of communication used to reach the vast majority of the
general public. The most common flatforms for media are newspapers, magazines,
radio, television, and the latest is the internet.
10. Leadership and role models
• Filipinos look up to their leaders as role models. Political leaders are the main
models, but all other leaders serve as role models as well. Thus, when our leaders
violate the law or show themselves to be self-serving and driven by personal interest--
when there is lack of public accountability--there is a negative impact on the Filipino.

31. PERSONAL DEVELOPMENT PLAN
helps you map out a path towards your version of success, it allows you to
make better decisions, and prevents you from taking backwards steps.
STEPS TO WRITING A PDP:
1. Set your goals
2. Prioritize those goals
3. Set yourself deadlines for when you want to achieve them
4. Recognize threats and opportunities
5. Develop your skills or increase your knowledge
6. Use your support network
7. Measure your progress

34. Patriotism - came from the Latin word “pater” which means “father”. It
is the willingness and determination to lay down one’s life for the
fatherland – the constant resolve to sacrifice one’s life and limb for the
preservation of the country.
Some ways you can show your patriotic pride:
1. Display your pride
2. Stay informed. Know what is going on the country
3. Learn about your country
4. be proud of your country
5. Keep the environment clean
6. Buy local
7. Pay your taxes
8. Vote
9. Keep the government honest
10. Volunteer

35. What is a good Filipino Citizen?
A good Filipino citizen is one who plays an active and intelligent role as a member of the
community.
One who fulfills his duties and obligation to the government and society.
One who possesses the traits of respectfulness, courtesy and selflessness for parents and
elders and for others.
One who observes punctuality, promptness, and good moral conduct. ( by Coloma, T.M. and
Herrera, M.M.)
How can you become good citizens?
You can become good citizens by living in accordance with the good citizenship values we
can derive from the PREAMBLE of the 1987 Philippine Constitution:
“We, the sovereign Filipino people, imploring the aid of Almighty God, in order to build a just
and humane society, and establish a Government that shall embody our ideals and
aspirations, promote the common good, conserve and develop our patrimony, and secure to
ourselves and our posterity, the blessings of independence and democracy under the rule of
law and a regime of truth, justice, freedom, love, equality, and peace, do ordain and
promulgate this Constitution.”

36. Article II, Section 13 of the Philippine
Constitution
recognizes the vital role of the youth in nation-building and shall
promote and protect their physical, moral, spiritual, intellectual, and
social well-being. It shall inculcate in the youth patriotism and
nationalism and encourage their involvement in public and civic
affairs.

37. PAGKAMAKA-DIYOS
1. Faith in the Almighty
- May refer to the deep-rooted submission to a divine being,
person, or belief system. Trusting and believing are two
Essential elements of faith.
2. Respect for Life
-Respecting the precept that every life is a gift and therefore
deserves to be born and be given the opportunity to show his/
Her worth to the society.

38. PAGKAMAKA-DIYOS
3. Order – it is manifested when situations move 4. Work – it refers to the
use of one’s
in their proper course. Customs and traditional physical and
mental abilities to
values set the standard of behavior in many satisfy his/her
needs.
communities in the Philippines.

39. PAGKAMAKA-DIYOS
5. Concern for the family and future generation – Family is the basic
foundation of the society. Whatever happens to this institution will
definitely affect the nation. It is in the family where a young individual
begins to develop his character and establishes the foundation of his/
her future.

40. PAGKAMAKA-TAO
1. Love - Love strengthens the foundations 2. Freedom - it is the state
of being free to
of the family and other social exercise all the
rights and
groupings. It is the strongest force privileges in
the pursuance of
within the human community. It happiness.
Freedom is not
provides deeper meaning to absolute since
we share social
the purpose of human existence and physical
spaces with other
people.

41. PAGKAMAKA-TAO
3. Peace - it is the prevalence of harmony in all facets
of social relationship. Each society has its own
way of pursuing peace.
4. Truth – it is the facts corresponding with actual events
5. Justice – It is that principle by which the rationality of
actions, conditions and situations are
determined.
this principle is influenced by moral and natural
laws as well as legal standards imposed by a

42. PAGKAMAKA-BAYAN
1. Unity - the state of being one and in harmony with
one another. It is the most important element
needed by any society to achieve stability and
progress.
2. Equality – it implies providing standardized or
uniform rights and privileges as well as
duties and obligations to every citizen.

43. PAGKAMAKA-BAYAN
3. Respect for law and government – the government is an
element of the state mandated to formulate
and enforce laws designed to regulate human
conduct and improve the life of the people
within its jurisdiction.
4. Patriotism – the state in which a person willfully expresses
pride and respect towards his country’s culture,
achievements and aspirations

44. PAGKAMAKA-BAYAN
5. Promotion of the common good – common good refers
to
that condition that is beneficial to all or
most
members of the society. Thus,
promoting
common good equates with giving
importance
to the general welfare of the people.

45. PAGKAMAKA-KALIKASAN
- Environment refers to everything that surrounds us from the natural
world to the physical structures produced by humans. Human
interventions are important to gain full benefits of natural resources
but such interventions have gone beyond the limits of the domain
reserved for human utilization.
Concern for the environment

46. Ways to Be a Responsible Filipino Citizen
1. Follow traffic rules. 18. Be a responsible netizen
2. Be punctual and do not procrastinate. 19. Make an honest vote
3. Pay your tax.
4. Be a responsible parent.
5. Love your husband or wife.
6. Conserve water and energy.
7. Protect our environment.
8. Report crimes.
9. Obey the laws and local ordinances.
10. Be kind to our foreign visitors.
11. Respect other Filipinos, especially the elders.
12. Build a good relationship with your neighbors.
13. Help your own town achieve progress.
14. Give support to our countrymen.
15. Be a responsible worker
16. Love your employees.
17. Make your customers happy.

47. References:
https://ched.gov.ph/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/CMO-No.26-
s2005.pdf
NSTP-CWTS Handbook revised 2008 compiled and edited by: Pauya,
Magallon, Dela Cerna, Carcosia, Gapasin, Bayoguing, Young , Panerio
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XSBKbwWXArs
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hfhoP6k3ZKM&feature=youtu.be

48. THANK YOU!