This document discusses different types of routing protocols. It describes static routing protocols where routes are manually configured by an administrator. It then covers dynamic routing protocols which automatically update routing tables. The main dynamic routing protocols covered are RIP, RIPv2, IGRP, and EIGRP. RIP is a distance vector protocol that exchanges full routing tables every 30 seconds. RIPv2, IGRP, and EIGRP are also discussed with their key characteristics.

1. ROUTING PROTOCOLS
Submitted by,
D.SHANMUGAPRIYA
I-MSC(IT)
NADAR SARASWATHI COLLEGE OF ARTS AND
SCIENCE

2. INTRODUCTION
 Routing Protocols are the set of rules used by the routes
to communication between source and destination.
 They do not move the information to source to
destination only updates the routing table.
 Each protocols has its own algorithm to choose the best
both the metrics by routing protocols.

3. NETWORK LAYER DEVICES
 Bandwidth
 Delay
 Load
 MTO
 Cost

4. TYPES OF ROUTING
PROTOCOLS
Static protocols Dynamic Routing
protocols
Distance
vector
Link state
EIGRP
OSPF
RIP IGRP
RIPV1
RIPV2

5. STATIC ROUTING PROTOCOLS
 Static Routing, when an administrator manually
assigns the path from source to destination network.
 It provides more security to network.
 The main drawback of static routing is that when a
link fail in the internetwork all the network goes
down.
 This is feasible in small networks but not in large
networks.

6. ADVANTAGES
 No overhead on router CPU.
 No bandwidth usage between links.
 Security
DISADVANTAGE:
 Administrator must really understand internetwork
&how each router is connected.
 No practical on large networks as it time intensive.
 Administrator must update all routes.

7. DYNAMIC ROUTING
PROTOCOLS
o Dynamic routing is the process in which routing
tables are automatically updates by routing table.
 Dynamically discover & maintains routes.
 Calculate routes.
 Distributing routing updates to other routers in the
network.

8. ADVANTAGE
 Less work in maintaining the configuration when
adding & deleting network.
 Protocols automatically react to the topology changes.
 Configuration is less prone.
 More scalable.
DISADVANTAGE:
 Routers resource are used.
 More administrator knowledge is required for
configuration.

9. TYPES OF DYNAMIC ROUTING
PROTOCOLS
 The dynamic routing protocols can be categorized on
the basis of various parameters.
 Dynamic Routing protocols are classified into two
protocols
1.DISTANCE VECTOR ROUTING:
It uses simple algorithm that calculate cumulative
distance value between routers based on hop
count.
2.LINK STATE ROUTING PROTOCOLS:
It uses sophisticated algorithms that maintain
complex database of internetwork topology.

10. ROUTING INFORMATION
PROTOCOLS(RIP)
 RIP allows routers to exchange their routing tables at
a predefined interval.
 RIP is distance vector routing protocols with employs
the hop count as a routing metric.
 RIP router transmitted fall updates in every 30
seconds.
CHARACTERISTICS OF RIP
 Uses hop count metric
 Support 15 hop count limit
 Support six equal cost paths.
 Broadcasting done in RIP & RIPV1.

11. RIPV2
 It is distance vector protocol AD value is 120.
 Metric is hop count
 Supports classless network
 Supports VLSM/CIDR
 It supports authentication.

12. IGRP
 IGRP is a distance vector protocol the metrics used
are bandwidth , load , delay , MTU and reliability.
 It is used by routers to exchange routing data within
in autonomous system
CHARACTERISTICS :
 Uses composite metrics
 Support hold downs.

13. EIGRP
 It is support the features both distance vector & link
state protocols.
 The AD value of EIGRP is 90.
CHARACTERISTICS:
 Communication done via RIP.
 Uses dual algorithm.
 Supports VLSM/CIDR.