Formal verification involves using mathematical techniques to prove that computer programs satisfy certain properties. There are three main techniques: input-output assertions use predicates associated with code points to show relations will hold; weakest preconditions work backwards from desired outputs to find necessary inputs; and structural induction proves properties by showing they hold for base cases and are preserved as the structure increases in size. The document provides examples and explanations of each technique.
Unit testing is often automated but it can also be done manually. Debugging is a process of line by line execution of the code/ script with the intent of finding errors/ fixing the defects.
Unit testing is often automated but it can also be done manually. Debugging is a process of line by line execution of the code/ script with the intent of finding errors/ fixing the defects.
Builder.ai Founder Sachin Dev Duggal's Strategic Approach to Create an Innova...Ramesh Iyer
In today's fast-changing business world, Companies that adapt and embrace new ideas often need help to keep up with the competition. However, fostering a culture of innovation takes much work. It takes vision, leadership and willingness to take risks in the right proportion. Sachin Dev Duggal, co-founder of Builder.ai, has perfected the art of this balance, creating a company culture where creativity and growth are nurtured at each stage.
State of ICS and IoT Cyber Threat Landscape Report 2024 previewPrayukth K V
The IoT and OT threat landscape report has been prepared by the Threat Research Team at Sectrio using data from Sectrio, cyber threat intelligence farming facilities spread across over 85 cities around the world. In addition, Sectrio also runs AI-based advanced threat and payload engagement facilities that serve as sinks to attract and engage sophisticated threat actors, and newer malware including new variants and latent threats that are at an earlier stage of development.
The latest edition of the OT/ICS and IoT security Threat Landscape Report 2024 also covers:
State of global ICS asset and network exposure
Sectoral targets and attacks as well as the cost of ransom
Global APT activity, AI usage, actor and tactic profiles, and implications
Rise in volumes of AI-powered cyberattacks
Major cyber events in 2024
Malware and malicious payload trends
Cyberattack types and targets
Vulnerability exploit attempts on CVEs
Attacks on counties – USA
Expansion of bot farms – how, where, and why
In-depth analysis of the cyber threat landscape across North America, South America, Europe, APAC, and the Middle East
Why are attacks on smart factories rising?
Cyber risk predictions
Axis of attacks – Europe
Systemic attacks in the Middle East
Download the full report from here:
https://sectrio.com/resources/ot-threat-landscape-reports/sectrio-releases-ot-ics-and-iot-security-threat-landscape-report-2024/
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Dev Dives: Train smarter, not harder – active learning and UiPath LLMs for do...UiPathCommunity
💥 Speed, accuracy, and scaling – discover the superpowers of GenAI in action with UiPath Document Understanding and Communications Mining™:
See how to accelerate model training and optimize model performance with active learning
Learn about the latest enhancements to out-of-the-box document processing – with little to no training required
Get an exclusive demo of the new family of UiPath LLMs – GenAI models specialized for processing different types of documents and messages
This is a hands-on session specifically designed for automation developers and AI enthusiasts seeking to enhance their knowledge in leveraging the latest intelligent document processing capabilities offered by UiPath.
Speakers:
👨🏫 Andras Palfi, Senior Product Manager, UiPath
👩🏫 Lenka Dulovicova, Product Program Manager, UiPath
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 3DianaGray10
Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 3. In this session, we will cover desktop automation along with UI automation.
Topics covered:
UI automation Introduction,
UI automation Sample
Desktop automation flow
Pradeep Chinnala, Senior Consultant Automation Developer @WonderBotz and UiPath MVP
Deepak Rai, Automation Practice Lead, Boundaryless Group and UiPath MVP
The Art of the Pitch: WordPress Relationships and SalesLaura Byrne
Clients don’t know what they don’t know. What web solutions are right for them? How does WordPress come into the picture? How do you make sure you understand scope and timeline? What do you do if sometime changes?
All these questions and more will be explored as we talk about matching clients’ needs with what your agency offers without pulling teeth or pulling your hair out. Practical tips, and strategies for successful relationship building that leads to closing the deal.
Connector Corner: Automate dynamic content and events by pushing a buttonDianaGray10
Here is something new! In our next Connector Corner webinar, we will demonstrate how you can use a single workflow to:
Create a campaign using Mailchimp with merge tags/fields
Send an interactive Slack channel message (using buttons)
Have the message received by managers and peers along with a test email for review
But there’s more:
In a second workflow supporting the same use case, you’ll see:
Your campaign sent to target colleagues for approval
If the “Approve” button is clicked, a Jira/Zendesk ticket is created for the marketing design team
But—if the “Reject” button is pushed, colleagues will be alerted via Slack message
Join us to learn more about this new, human-in-the-loop capability, brought to you by Integration Service connectors.
And...
Speakers:
Akshay Agnihotri, Product Manager
Charlie Greenberg, Host
PHP Frameworks: I want to break free (IPC Berlin 2024)Ralf Eggert
In this presentation, we examine the challenges and limitations of relying too heavily on PHP frameworks in web development. We discuss the history of PHP and its frameworks to understand how this dependence has evolved. The focus will be on providing concrete tips and strategies to reduce reliance on these frameworks, based on real-world examples and practical considerations. The goal is to equip developers with the skills and knowledge to create more flexible and future-proof web applications. We'll explore the importance of maintaining autonomy in a rapidly changing tech landscape and how to make informed decisions in PHP development.
This talk is aimed at encouraging a more independent approach to using PHP frameworks, moving towards a more flexible and future-proof approach to PHP development.
GraphRAG is All You need? LLM & Knowledge GraphGuy Korland
Guy Korland, CEO and Co-founder of FalkorDB, will review two articles on the integration of language models with knowledge graphs.
1. Unifying Large Language Models and Knowledge Graphs: A Roadmap.
https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.08302
2. Microsoft Research's GraphRAG paper and a review paper on various uses of knowledge graphs:
https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/research/blog/graphrag-unlocking-llm-discovery-on-narrative-private-data/
Search and Society: Reimagining Information Access for Radical FuturesBhaskar Mitra
The field of Information retrieval (IR) is currently undergoing a transformative shift, at least partly due to the emerging applications of generative AI to information access. In this talk, we will deliberate on the sociotechnical implications of generative AI for information access. We will argue that there is both a critical necessity and an exciting opportunity for the IR community to re-center our research agendas on societal needs while dismantling the artificial separation between the work on fairness, accountability, transparency, and ethics in IR and the rest of IR research. Instead of adopting a reactionary strategy of trying to mitigate potential social harms from emerging technologies, the community should aim to proactively set the research agenda for the kinds of systems we should build inspired by diverse explicitly stated sociotechnical imaginaries. The sociotechnical imaginaries that underpin the design and development of information access technologies needs to be explicitly articulated, and we need to develop theories of change in context of these diverse perspectives. Our guiding future imaginaries must be informed by other academic fields, such as democratic theory and critical theory, and should be co-developed with social science scholars, legal scholars, civil rights and social justice activists, and artists, among others.
Transcript: Selling digital books in 2024: Insights from industry leaders - T...BookNet Canada
The publishing industry has been selling digital audiobooks and ebooks for over a decade and has found its groove. What’s changed? What has stayed the same? Where do we go from here? Join a group of leading sales peers from across the industry for a conversation about the lessons learned since the popularization of digital books, best practices, digital book supply chain management, and more.
Link to video recording: https://bnctechforum.ca/sessions/selling-digital-books-in-2024-insights-from-industry-leaders/
Presented by BookNet Canada on May 28, 2024, with support from the Department of Canadian Heritage.
2. INTRODUCTION
• Formal verification involves the use of rigorous, mathematical
techniques to demonstrate that computer programs have certain
desired properties.
• The methods of input-output assertions, weakest preconditions,
and structural induction are three commonly used techniques.
3. INPUT-OUTPUT ASSERTIONS
• The method of input-output assertions was introduced by Floyed (FLO67) and
refined by Hoare (HOA73) and Dijkstra (DIJ76). Floyd’s work was seminal to
the entire field of formal verification.
• Using input-output assertions, predicates are associated with the entry point,
the exist point, and various intermediate points in the source code.
• The notation (P) S (R) is used to mean that if predicate P is true prior to
executing code segment S, predicate R will be true following of S.
(1<i<N)i:=i+1(2<i<N+1)
4. CONTINUE….
• The minimal requirement is that a predicate be associated with each
innermost nested loop.
• Loop predicates must be shown to be invariant relations. A loop invariant
must be true independent of the number of loop traversed.in particular a
loop invariant must satisfy the following conditions:
1. It must be true on loop entry.
2. It must be true independent of the number of loop traversals.
3. It must imply the desired condition on loop exit.
5. WEAKEST PRECONDITIONS
• To be true independent of the number of loop traversals by the method of
weakest preconditions.
• Given a proposition of the from (P) S (R), P is the weakest precondition for S if
it is the weakest condition that will guarantee the truth of R following
execution of S.
• The weakest precondition is expressed as
P = wp(S,R)
6. CONTINUE….
• In practice P is found by working backwards from R.
• If S is an assignment statement of the form X:=E, the weakest precondition P
is obtained by substituting expression E in place of X everywhere X appears in
predicate R:
Wp(X:=E,R)=R(E X)
• For example:
Wp(A:=B+3, A=5)=(A=5 with B+3A)
=(B+3=5) or (B=2)
7. STRUCTURAL INDUCTION
• Structural induction us a formal verification technique based on the general
principle of mathematical induction.
• The induction must be performed on a partially ordered set that is well
founded (LEV80).
• Given set S having the necessary properties and a proposition P to be proved.
8. CONTINUE….
• Mathematical indication proceeds as follows:
1. Show P to be true for the minimal elements in S.
2. Assume P to be true for each element in S that has an ordinal
number less than or equal to N and show P to be true for the N + first
element in S.
• The set of natural numbers under the ordering ”<“ is a commonly used
induction set, and many properties of the natural numbers can be proved by
induction.