How to formulate a researchable question based on picos - PubricaPubrica
Unanswered questions in current clinical practice and interactions dictating alternate treatments will lead to the formulation of a clinical research question. It would help researchers by giving them step-by-step instructions about how to formulate a research question.
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How to formulate a researchable question based on picos - PubricaPubrica
Unanswered questions in current clinical practice and interactions dictating alternate treatments will lead to the formulation of a clinical research question. It would help researchers by giving them step-by-step instructions about how to formulate a research question.
Continue Reading: https://bit.ly/3ldryTV
For our services: https://pubrica.com/sevices/research-services/
Why Pubrica:
When you order our services, We promise you the following – Plagiarism free | always on Time | 24*7 customer support | Written to international Standard | Unlimited Revisions support | Medical writing Expert | Publication Support | Biostatistical experts | High-quality Subject Matter Experts.
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A Research problem is a problem that a researcher wants to solve moreover, it is an issues or a concern that an investigator / researcher presents and justifies in a research study.
How to formulate a researchable question based on picos - PubricaPubrica
Unanswered questions in current clinical practice and interactions dictating alternate treatments will lead to the formulation of a clinical research question. It would help researchers by giving them step-by-step instructions about how to formulate a research question.
Continue Reading: https://bit.ly/3ldryTV
For our services: https://pubrica.com/sevices/research-services/
Why Pubrica:
When you order our services, We promise you the following – Plagiarism free | always on Time | 24*7 customer support | Written to international Standard | Unlimited Revisions support | Medical writing Expert | Publication Support | Biostatistical experts | High-quality Subject Matter Experts.
Contact us:
Web: https://pubrica.com/
Blog: https://pubrica.com/academy/
Email: sales@pubrica.com
WhatsApp : +91 9884350006
United Kingdom: +44-1618186353
How to formulate a researchable question based on picos - PubricaPubrica
Unanswered questions in current clinical practice and interactions dictating alternate treatments will lead to the formulation of a clinical research question. It would help researchers by giving them step-by-step instructions about how to formulate a research question.
Continue Reading: https://bit.ly/3ldryTV
For our services: https://pubrica.com/sevices/research-services/
Why Pubrica:
When you order our services, We promise you the following – Plagiarism free | always on Time | 24*7 customer support | Written to international Standard | Unlimited Revisions support | Medical writing Expert | Publication Support | Biostatistical experts | High-quality Subject Matter Experts.
Contact us:
Web: https://pubrica.com/
Blog: https://pubrica.com/academy/
Email: sales@pubrica.com
WhatsApp : +91 9884350006
United Kingdom: +44-1618186353
A Research problem is a problem that a researcher wants to solve moreover, it is an issues or a concern that an investigator / researcher presents and justifies in a research study.
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Ethanol (CH3CH2OH), or beverage alcohol, is a two-carbon alcohol
that is rapidly distributed in the body and brain. Ethanol alters many
neurochemical systems and has rewarding and addictive properties. It
is the oldest recreational drug and likely contributes to more morbidity,
mortality, and public health costs than all illicit drugs combined. The
5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
(DSM-5) integrates alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence into a single
disorder called alcohol use disorder (AUD), with mild, moderate,
and severe subclassifications (American Psychiatric Association, 2013).
In the DSM-5, all types of substance abuse and dependence have been
combined into a single substance use disorder (SUD) on a continuum
from mild to severe. A diagnosis of AUD requires that at least two of
the 11 DSM-5 behaviors be present within a 12-month period (mild
AUD: 2–3 criteria; moderate AUD: 4–5 criteria; severe AUD: 6–11 criteria).
The four main behavioral effects of AUD are impaired control over
drinking, negative social consequences, risky use, and altered physiological
effects (tolerance, withdrawal). This chapter presents an overview
of the prevalence and harmful consequences of AUD in the U.S.,
the systemic nature of the disease, neurocircuitry and stages of AUD,
comorbidities, fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, genetic risk factors, and
pharmacotherapies for AUD.
Recomendações da OMS sobre cuidados maternos e neonatais para uma experiência pós-natal positiva.
Em consonância com os ODS – Objetivos do Desenvolvimento Sustentável e a Estratégia Global para a Saúde das Mulheres, Crianças e Adolescentes, e aplicando uma abordagem baseada nos direitos humanos, os esforços de cuidados pós-natais devem expandir-se para além da cobertura e da simples sobrevivência, de modo a incluir cuidados de qualidade.
Estas diretrizes visam melhorar a qualidade dos cuidados pós-natais essenciais e de rotina prestados às mulheres e aos recém-nascidos, com o objetivo final de melhorar a saúde e o bem-estar materno e neonatal.
Uma “experiência pós-natal positiva” é um resultado importante para todas as mulheres que dão à luz e para os seus recém-nascidos, estabelecendo as bases para a melhoria da saúde e do bem-estar a curto e longo prazo. Uma experiência pós-natal positiva é definida como aquela em que as mulheres, pessoas que gestam, os recém-nascidos, os casais, os pais, os cuidadores e as famílias recebem informação consistente, garantia e apoio de profissionais de saúde motivados; e onde um sistema de saúde flexível e com recursos reconheça as necessidades das mulheres e dos bebês e respeite o seu contexto cultural.
Estas diretrizes consolidadas apresentam algumas recomendações novas e já bem fundamentadas sobre cuidados pós-natais de rotina para mulheres e neonatos que recebem cuidados no pós-parto em unidades de saúde ou na comunidade, independentemente dos recursos disponíveis.
É fornecido um conjunto abrangente de recomendações para cuidados durante o período puerperal, com ênfase nos cuidados essenciais que todas as mulheres e recém-nascidos devem receber, e com a devida atenção à qualidade dos cuidados; isto é, a entrega e a experiência do cuidado recebido. Estas diretrizes atualizam e ampliam as recomendações da OMS de 2014 sobre cuidados pós-natais da mãe e do recém-nascido e complementam as atuais diretrizes da OMS sobre a gestão de complicações pós-natais.
O estabelecimento da amamentação e o manejo das principais intercorrências é contemplada.
Recomendamos muito.
Vamos discutir essas recomendações no nosso curso de pós-graduação em Aleitamento no Instituto Ciclos.
Esta publicação só está disponível em inglês até o momento.
Prof. Marcus Renato de Carvalho
www.agostodourado.com
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HEALTHCARE.pdfAnujkumaranit
Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems. It encompasses tasks such as learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and language understanding. AI technologies are revolutionizing various fields, from healthcare to finance, by enabling machines to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence.
New Drug Discovery and Development .....NEHA GUPTA
The "New Drug Discovery and Development" process involves the identification, design, testing, and manufacturing of novel pharmaceutical compounds with the aim of introducing new and improved treatments for various medical conditions. This comprehensive endeavor encompasses various stages, including target identification, preclinical studies, clinical trials, regulatory approval, and post-market surveillance. It involves multidisciplinary collaboration among scientists, researchers, clinicians, regulatory experts, and pharmaceutical companies to bring innovative therapies to market and address unmet medical needs.
Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journeygreendigital
Tom Selleck, an enduring figure in Hollywood. has captivated audiences for decades with his rugged charm, iconic moustache. and memorable roles in television and film. From his breakout role as Thomas Magnum in Magnum P.I. to his current portrayal of Frank Reagan in Blue Bloods. Selleck's career has spanned over 50 years. But beyond his professional achievements. fans have often been curious about Tom Selleck Health. especially as he has aged in the public eye.
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Introduction
Many have been interested in Tom Selleck health. not only because of his enduring presence on screen but also because of the challenges. and lifestyle choices he has faced and made over the years. This article delves into the various aspects of Tom Selleck health. exploring his fitness regimen, diet, mental health. and the challenges he has encountered as he ages. We'll look at how he maintains his well-being. the health issues he has faced, and his approach to ageing .
Early Life and Career
Childhood and Athletic Beginnings
Tom Selleck was born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. From an early age, he was involved in sports, particularly basketball. which played a significant role in his physical development. His athletic pursuits continued into college. where he attended the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. This early involvement in sports laid a strong foundation for his physical health and disciplined lifestyle.
Transition to Acting
Selleck's transition from an athlete to an actor came with its physical demands. His first significant role in "Magnum P.I." required him to perform various stunts and maintain a fit appearance. This role, which he played from 1980 to 1988. necessitated a rigorous fitness routine to meet the show's demands. setting the stage for his long-term commitment to health and wellness.
Fitness Regimen
Workout Routine
Tom Selleck health and fitness regimen has evolved. adapting to his changing roles and age. During his "Magnum, P.I." days. Selleck's workouts were intense and focused on building and maintaining muscle mass. His routine included weightlifting, cardiovascular exercises. and specific training for the stunts he performed on the show.
Selleck adjusted his fitness routine as he aged to suit his body's needs. Today, his workouts focus on maintaining flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular health. He incorporates low-impact exercises such as swimming, walking, and light weightlifting. This balanced approach helps him stay fit without putting undue strain on his joints and muscles.
Importance of Flexibility and Mobility
In recent years, Selleck has emphasized the importance of flexibility and mobility in his fitness regimen. Understanding the natural decline in muscle mass and joint flexibility with age. he includes stretching and yoga in his routine. These practices help prevent injuries, improve posture, and maintain mobilit
Knee anatomy and clinical tests 2024.pdfvimalpl1234
This includes all relevant anatomy and clinical tests compiled from standard textbooks, Campbell,netter etc..It is comprehensive and best suited for orthopaedicians and orthopaedic residents.
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Ve...kevinkariuki227
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
Basavarajeeyam is an important text for ayurvedic physician belonging to andhra pradehs. It is a popular compendium in various parts of our country as well as in andhra pradesh. The content of the text was presented in sanskrit and telugu language (Bilingual). One of the most famous book in ayurvedic pharmaceutics and therapeutics. This book contains 25 chapters called as prakaranas. Many rasaoushadis were explained, pioneer of dhatu druti, nadi pareeksha, mutra pareeksha etc. Belongs to the period of 15-16 century. New diseases like upadamsha, phiranga rogas are explained.
micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdfAnurag Sharma
Microteaching is a unique model of practice teaching. It is a viable instrument for the. desired change in the teaching behavior or the behavior potential which, in specified types of real. classroom situations, tends to facilitate the achievement of specified types of objectives.
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- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/lK81BzxMqdo
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/Ve4P0COk9OI
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Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex System Analysis, S...Oleg Kshivets
RESULTS: Overall life span (LS) was 2252.1±1742.5 days and cumulative 5-year survival (5YS) reached 73.2%, 10 years – 64.8%, 20 years – 42.5%. 513 LCP lived more than 5 years (LS=3124.6±1525.6 days), 148 LCP – more than 10 years (LS=5054.4±1504.1 days).199 LCP died because of LC (LS=562.7±374.5 days). 5YS of LCP after bi/lobectomies was significantly superior in comparison with LCP after pneumonectomies (78.1% vs.63.7%, P=0.00001 by log-rank test). AT significantly improved 5YS (66.3% vs. 34.8%) (P=0.00000 by log-rank test) only for LCP with N1-2. Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: phase transition (PT) early-invasive LC in terms of synergetics, PT N0—N12, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells- CC and blood cells subpopulations), G1-3, histology, glucose, AT, blood cell circuit, prothrombin index, heparin tolerance, recalcification time (P=0.000-0.038). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and PT early-invasive LC (rank=1), PT N0—N12 (rank=2), thrombocytes/CC (3), erythrocytes/CC (4), eosinophils/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), segmented neutrophils/CC (8), stick neutrophils/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10); leucocytes/CC (11). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (area under ROC curve=1.0; error=0.0).
CONCLUSIONS: 5YS of LCP after radical procedures significantly depended on: 1) PT early-invasive cancer; 2) PT N0--N12; 3) cell ratio factors; 4) blood cell circuit; 5) biochemical factors; 6) hemostasis system; 7) AT; 8) LC characteristics; 9) LC cell dynamics; 10) surgery type: lobectomy/pneumonectomy; 11) anthropometric data. Optimal diagnosis and treatment strategies for LC are: 1) screening and early detection of LC; 2) availability of experienced thoracic surgeons because of complexity of radical procedures; 3) aggressive en block surgery and adequate lymph node dissection for completeness; 4) precise prediction; 5) adjuvant chemoimmunoradiotherapy for LCP with unfavorable prognosis.
Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex System Analysis, S...
Research.ppt
1. Prof.Dr.Chinna Chadayan.N
RN.RM., B.Sc (N)., M.Sc (N)., Ph.D (N).,
Professor,
Enam Nursing College – Savar,
Bangladesh
IDENTIFICATION OF
RESEARCH PROBLEM
M.SC(N)
UNIT - 2
Unit 2 Identification of Research
Problems
1
2. INTRODUCTION
Formulation of a research problem and developing hypothesis are been
preliminary step in the research process. The research problem, often called
as problem statements and the question that is to be asked in the study.
Both qualitative and quantitative researchers identify a research problem
within a broad topic area of interest to a more circumscribed problem that
specify exactly what the researcher intends to study.
Most investigators try to define their research problem as precisely as
possible. The purpose of research is to “solve” the problem or to contribute
to its solution by accumulating relevant information. If the formulation of
the problem as precisely statement is effectively addressed, the remaining
steps in the research process flow with relative ease.
Unit 2 Identification of Research
Problems
2
4. SOURCES OF RESEARCH
PROBLEMS
Problems that require research to answer are derived from many sources,
including
previous research
popular conceptions
empirical interests
practical needs
political concerns
typical priorities of those who fund research
Unit 2 Identification of Research
Problems
4
5. PREVIOUS RESEARCH:
The critical appraisal of research studies that appear in journals may
indirectly suggest a problem area by stimulating the readers thinking. The
organized body of nursing knowledge contains information about
previous research.
POPULAR CONCEPTIONS:
While taking care of health, certain traditional practices have been
practiced according to their cultural beliefs those are certain old practices
of the new world.
Unit 2 Identification of Research
Problems
5
6. EMPIRICAL INTEREST:
The sudden insight, which may arise from seeing things in a different way is another
sources of research problems.
PRACTICAL NEEDS:
Clinical practice provides a wealth of experiences from which research problems can
be derived.
e.g.: OPD patients getting severe dyspnea on treatment.
POLITICAL CONCERN:
The political climate, which places emphasis on constraining health care cost, cause
and effect of treatment of diseases and improving the standards of health, and
implementation of vertical health programmes, has provided many avenues for
research.
Unit 2 Identification of Research
Problems
6
7. PRIORITIES:
There are so many problems emerging in health care services. Nursing
have identified priorities for nursing research that will result in the
creation of knowledge that nurses need to care for future generations. The
lists of priorities can serve as a source of research problems for the nurse
investigator.
e.g: Nursing service, Nursing administration, Nursing education,
Medical-Surgical nursing, Paediatric Nursing, Psychiatric Nursing,
Community Health Nursing.
Unit 2 Identification of Research
Problems
7
8. CHARACTERISTICS OF GOOD
RESEARCH PROBLEM
Research problem selected should be significant to nursing and solvable.
Research problem should have signification to build body of knowledge
It should be researchable and feasible.
It should be original and creative
It should be interesting to others
It should have administrative approval
It should be practical in terms of facilities required to conduct studies
The problem should so meaningful to the body of knowledge and practical
Problem area should be the area of interest of investigator to do best.
The researcher should have depth knowledge regarding research problems.
Unit 2 Identification of Research
Problems
8
9. CRITERIA OF RESEARCH
PROBLEM
Every problem selected for research must satisfy the following criteria.
ORIGINALITY :
While selecting the problem novelty should be maintained. The
purpose of research is to fill the gaps in existing knowledge to discover new
facts and not to repeat already known facts.
NEITHER GENERAL NOR SPECIFIC:
The problem should test very general to vague topic of interest.
The topic of interest should be very specific.
Unit 2 Identification of Research
Problems
9
10. SIGNIFICANCE:
The researcher should pose the following kind of questions.
Is the problem important one?
Will the result lead to practical implication?
SOLVABILITY:
The problem should be solvable one
FEASIBILITY :
The feasibility of research problem must be premised in the light of
pragmatic considerations such as time and availability.
Unit 2 Identification of Research
Problems
10
11. Format of the Research Problem Title
The research problem title should include the
following elements:
Type/Design of the study
Main purpose of the study
Population under study
Setting of the study
Example: An experimental study (design of the study) to assess the
comparative efficacy of heparin saline and normal saline flush for
maintaining patency of intravenous lines (primary purpose of the study)
among patients admitted to EMCH, Savar (population and setting of the
study).
11
Unit 2 Identification of Research
Problems
12. “A STUDY TO EVALUATE THE EFFECTIVENESS OF
GARLIC POWDER IN REDUCING THE BLOOD
PRESSURE AMONG CLIENTS WITH HYPERTENSION
IN A SELECTED AREA AT SAVAR”
A COMPARATIVE STUDY TO ASSESS THE
EFFECTIVENESS OF HONEY APPLICATION VERSUS
CHLORHEXIDINE MOUTH WASH IN REDUCING
ORAL MUCOSITIS AMONG CHILDREN OF 5 – 10
YEARS ADMITTED IN HEMATOLOGY WARD,
INSTITUTE OF CHILD HEALTH & HOSPITAL FOR
CHILDREN, CHENNAI
Quality of Nursing Courses as Perceived by
Students: Relationship with Their Academic
Unit 2 Identification of Research
Problems
12
13. EVALUATING RESEARCH PROBLEM
LITERATURE REVIEW:
A preliminary literature review reveals related factors that
appear critical to the research topic of interest and aids in further
definition of the research problem.
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROBLEM:
A crucial factor in selecting a problem to be studied is its
significance to nursing especially to nursing practices.
Unit 2 Identification of Research
Problems
13
14. RESEARCHABILITY:
The problem must be researchable, that is it must be
capable of being empirically investigated.
FEASIBILITY:
The feasibility of research problem must be examined
with the time, availability of subjects, money, facilities and
equipment, experience of the research and ethical issues.
Unit 2 Identification of Research
Problems
14
15. EXPERIENCE AND CREATIVITY:
Good research problems stem from clear understanding of the
theoretical, empirical and practical aspects of the subjects derived
from personal experiences, and form a thorough review of the
literature.
COMMUNICATING THE RESEARCH PROBLEM
It is clear that a study cannot progress without the choice of a
problem it is less clear, but nonetheless true, that the problem and
research questions should be carefully stated in writing before
proceeding with the design of the study or with field work.
Unit 2 Identification of Research
Problems
15
16. RESEARCH PURPOSE
The research purpose is a clear, concise
statement of the researcher's specific focus or
aim: the reason the study was performed. The
research purpose is a short statement, usually a
single sentence.
In a research proposal, the purpose statement is
couched in the present tense, “The purpose of
this research is to investigate …”
and in a research report, in the past tense, “The
purpose of this research study was to
demonstrate …”
Unit 2 Identification of Research
Problems
16
17. Typically , a purpose statement comes out of a
problem statement.
The problem statement lays out the problem
and the purpose statement outlines what you as
a researcher intend to do to the study the
problem.
Unit 2 Identification of Research
Problems
17
18. Research question
1. A question which the research sets out to
answer
Importance of a research question
Help refine broad topics into researchable
variables
Characteristics of a good research question
Relevant (relate to the topic)
Interesting
Focused and specific
Researchable
Unit 2 Identification of Research
Problems
18
20. Hypothesis
A hypothesis is a tentative prediction or explanation
of the relationship between two or more variables.
The relationship between the independent and the
dependent variable is described using a connective
phrase such as ‘more than’, ‘greater than’ or ‘less
than’ or ‘no different from’ or ‘the same as’.
20
Unit 2 Identification of Research
Problems
22. Hypothesis
Types
Null hypothesis/Statistical hypothesis: It states that
there is no relationship between two or more
variables. The null hypothesis is the formal basis for
testing statistical significance.
It is denoted by the symbol H0, which means:
The researcher does not expect the groups to be different
The researcher does not expect the variables to be related
22
Unit 2 Identification of Research
Problems
23. Hypothesis
Alternative/Research hypothesis (H1): It is the
opposite of the null hypothesis. It depicts the
relationship between variables as believed
in/expected by the researcher.
For example: There will be a significant difference between the
knowledge, attitudes and practice of Class 9 students who
receive BLS training and those who do not receive this
training as measured by a structured knowledge questionnaire,
attitude scale and observation checklist at 0.05 level of
significance.
23
Unit 2 Identification of Research
Problems
24. Hypothesis
One- and two-tailed alternative hypotheses
One-tailed (or one-sided) hypothesis specifies the direction of
the association between the predictor and outcome variables.
Example: Students with previous exposure to the CPR course will have
a higher pretest mean CPR knowledge score than students with no
exposure to the CPR course.
Two-tailed hypothesis states only that an association exists; it
does not specify the direction.
Example: The prediction that students with previous exposure to the
CPR course will have a different knowledge score, either higher or
lower, than those with no exposure to the CPR course .
The word ‘tail’ refers to the tail ends of the statistical distribution,
that is used to test a hypothesis. 24
Unit 2 Identification of Research
Problems
25. Hypothesis
Simple versus complex hypothesis
A simple hypothesis contains one independent
variable and one dependent variable.
For example: the post-test knowledge score of the
experimental group will be higher than the control
group at 0.05 level of significance.
25
Unit 2 Identification of Research
Problems
26. Hypothesis
Simple versus complex hypothesis
A complex (multivariate) hypothesis predicts the
relationship between three or more variables.
For example: There will be a significant association
between the knowledge, attitudes and practice and
the selected demographic variables of Class 9
students who receive the BLS training programme
and those who do not receive the training, as
measured by a structured knowledge questionnaire,
attitude scale and observation checklist at 0.05 level.
26
Unit 2 Identification of Research
Problems
27. Formulating
Research Question
A research question is one that can be answered
directly through the analysis of data.
Well-articulated research questions have the
following qualities:
It is clear, uncomplicated and can be easily understood
by others.
It should state the relationship between two or more
variables.
It should mention variables that are measurable.
It can be answered in the available timeframe and with
the available resources.
27
Unit 2 Identification of Research
Problems
28. Research Problem
vs
Research Question
What is a Research Problem?
A research problem introduces the significance of the topic that is being
addressed in the research study. It gives a clue about the direction of the
research. At the same time, a research problem places the research in a
specific context, defining the constraints of the research. It also gives
a framework to report results. In addition, it indicates the need to conduct
the research and explains how the findings will present the information.
What is a Research Question?
A research question refers to a specific inquiry the research study expects
to provide answers. A research question in a research study shows the path
of the research process. A research question is considered the first step of a
research project. Basically, a research question of the research determines
the methodology and hypothesis. Furthermore, the research question guides
the stages like analyzing and reporting data in research.
Unit 2 Identification of Research
Problems
28
30. Research Question
‘FINER’ criteria for a good research question
F-Feasible
I-Interesting
N-Novel
E-Ethical
R-Relevant
30
Unit 2 Identification of Research
Problems
31. Research Question
‘PICOT’ format to develop research questions
P: Population (patients)
I: Intervention (for intervention studies only)
C: Comparison group
O: Outcome of interest
T: Time
31
Unit 2 Identification of Research
Problems
32. The Questioning Part What the Researcher
Wants to Know
Population Population
What are What are What are What are the characteristics of
population X?
What is Incidence of B Population X What is the incidence of B in
population X?
Is there Incidence of C Populations X1 and
X2
Is there a different incidence of
C in population X1 than there is
in population X2?
What is Correlation between D and
E
Population Y What is the correlation between
D and E in population Y?
Research Question Research Question Probable Design
What are the characteristics of
population X?
The purpose of this study is to identify the
characteristics of population X.
Descriptive
What is the correlation between D
and E in population Y?
The purpose of this study is to measure the
correlation between D and E in population Y.
Correlational
In population Z, does K cause L? he purpose of this study is to determine
whether K causes L, in population Z.
Causational (experimental
or quasi-experimental)
What is Correlation between D and E Population Y
Quantitative Research Questions, Purposes, and Probable Designs
A Quantitative Research Question's Components
Unit 2 Identification of Research
Problems
32
33. The Questioning Part What the Researcher
Wants to Know
Population Research Question
What are Characteristics of the culture
and the nature of its
members, experiencing - E
Population W What are the characteristics
of the culture of population
W and the nature of its
members experiencing E?
What is Lived experience of persons
with the characteristics G
Population U What is the lived experience
of persons with G (in the
population U)?
Research Question Research Question Research Question
What are the characteristics of the
culture of population W and the nature
of its members experiencing E?
What are the characteristics of the culture of
population W and the nature of its members
experiencing E?
Ethnography
What are the (concepts and processes
that characterize the) experiences and
perspectives of individuals of population
V, in the situation F?
The purpose of this study is to identify the
(concepts and processes that characterize the)
experiences and perspectives of individuals of
population V, experiencing F.
Grounded
theory research
What is the lived experience of persons
with G (in the population U)?
The purpose of this study is to discover the lived
experience of persons with G (in population U).
Phenomenology
What is the story of occurrences related
to the concept L, during the ____ time
period, within the population S?
The purpose of this study is to tell the story of
occurrences related to L that occurred during the
____ time period, in population S.
Historical research
What are the collective perceptions about J, in
the population Q?
The purpose of this research is to present qualitative data
related to J in population Q.
Exploratory descriptive
qualitative research
A Qualitative Research Question's Components
Qualitative Research Questions, Purposes, and Probable Designs
Unit 2 Identification of Research
Problems
33
34. Critique: PROBLEM STATEMENT
Is the problem statement clear?
Does the investigator identify key research questions and
variables to be examined?
Does the study have the potential to help solve a problem that
is currently faced in clinical practice?
Unit 2 Identification of Research
Problems
34