The male and female reproductive systems work together to produce offspring. The male reproductive system consists of internal and external sex organs that produce sperm and semen. The testes produce testosterone and sperm, while the penis allows for sperm delivery during intercourse. Similarly, the female reproductive system includes ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, and vagina. The ovaries produce eggs and hormones, the fallopian tubes aid fertilization, and the uterus nourishes the developing fetus. Fertilization occurs when sperm meets egg, initiating pregnancy and embryonic development over three trimesters until birth.

1. REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM

2. INTRODUCTION
• It is also known as genital system
• This system is involve for reproduction
• reproduction involves both male and female organs
• Many non-living substances such as fluids, hormones,
and pheromones are also important accessories to the
reproductive system

3. MALE HORMONES
• Testosterone (testes)
• Development of male sexual secondary characterstics
• Penis and testes grow and produce sperm and
testosterone
• Facial hair develops
• Hair growth on chest
• Public hair growth

4. FEMALE HORMONES
• Oestrogen and progesteron
• Development of female sexual secondary charcterstics
• Hair growth in armpits
• Breast development
• Hip widening
• Public hair growth
• Vaginal enlargment

5. • FERTILIZATION:union of male sperm with female ovum
to form zygote
• This process happens in fallopian tubes
• Only one sperm can fertilize an egg

6. IMPLANTATION
• Fertillized eggs are implanted into thick walls of uterus
• Membranes dig into uterus to form placenta
• Zygote grows into an embryo
• Embryo gets air and nutrients from umblical cord
• Mom’s uterus grows with the baby

7. 1ST TRIMESTER=12 WEEKS
• Heart develops first
• Neural tube develops
• All body systems develop by 8th week

8. 2ND TRIMESTER= 24 WEEKS
• Maximum growth
• Looks like baby

9. 3RD TRIMESTER=40 WEEKS
• More growth
• Kicking,rolling,stretching
• Eyes open at 32 week
• Lungs mature
• Rotates to head down position

10. BIRTH
• Labour
• Uterine contractions begin
• Cervix dilates to 10 cm
• Birth:- uterus pushes baby through vaginal canal
• Plancenta delivered after baby
• cesarean

11. MALE GENITAL SYSTEM
• The male reproductive system consists of a number
of sex organs that play a role in the process of human
reproduction.
• The main male sex organs are the penis and
the testicles which produce semen and sperm.
• Vasectomy is a surgical procedure of vas deferens.in
simple words it is known as “family planning”

12. PENIS
• It is an external male intromittent organ that additionally
serves as the urinal duct.
• The main parts are the root (radix); the body (corpus);
and the epithelium of the penis including the
shaft skin and the foreskin covering the glans penis
• Metus is the opening of penis.

13. SURGERIES OF PENIS
• Electrodesiccation the drying up of tissue by a high-
frequency electric current applied with a needle-
shaped electrode —called also fulguration
• Cryosurgery using extreme cold to destroy the lesions of
penis.
• Laser surgery using a laser to cut the lesion.

14. • Penile plethysmography is measurement of blood flow
to the penis.
• Circumcision removal of the foreskin from the human
penis.
• Frenulotomy is surgical procedure performed to release
the skin fold of penis.
• Chordee is a condition in which the head of
the penis curves downward or upward

15. • Hypospadias is a birth abnormality of the urethra where
the urinary opening is not at the usual location on the
head of the penis.
• Fistulization creating fistula
• Range of code(54000-54450)

16. TESTIS
• the testicles (testes) are components of both
the reproductive system and the endocrine system.
• The primary functions of the testes are to
produce sperm (spermatogenesis) and to
produce androgens, primarily testosterone.

17. • Orchiectomy surgical removal of testies
• Laparoscopy is used to study the testis
• Orchiopexy surgical fixation of testicle into the scrotum
• Range of code(54500-54699)

18. EPIDIDYMIS
• Is a tube which connects testicle to the vas deferens.
• Spermatocele is a benign cystic accumulation of sperm
that arises from the head of the epididymis.
• Epididymovasotomy It involves connection of the
severed vas deferens to the epididymis
• Range of code(54700-54901)

19. TUNICA VAGINALIS
• Is the pouch of serous membrane that covers the testes.
• Hydrocele is a painless buildup of watery fluid around
one or both testicles that causes the scrotum or groin
area to swell.
• Range of code(55000-55041)

20. SCROTUM
• Is an anatomical male reproductive structure that
consists of a suspended dual-chambered sack of skin
and smooth muscle that is present in most terrestrial
male mammals and located under the penis.
• Scrotoplasty surgical procedure of scrotum
• Range of code(55100-55180)

21. VAS DEFERENS
• These are also called as ductus deferens
• Major function of these vas deferens is transportation of
sperm into uretra.
• Surgical repair of these vas deferens is known as
vasectomy.
• Vasovasorrhaphy anastomosis of the ends of the
severed vas (ductus) deferens
• Range of code(55200-55450)

22. SPERMATIC CORD
• Other end portion of vas deferens
• The spermatic cord is sensitive to torsion, in which the
testicle rotates within its sac and blocks its own blood
supply. Testicular torsion may result in irreversible
damage to the testicle within hours.
• A collection of serous fluid in the spermatic cord is
named 'funiculocele'.
• Range of code(55500-55559)

23. SEMINAL VESICLES
• Seminal vesicles are located within the pelvis. They
secrete fluid that partly composes the semen.
• Vesiculotomy incision into the semen vesicles
• Range of code(55600-55680)

24. PROSTATE
• Is a compound tubuloalveolar exocrine gland of the male
reproductive system.
• The function of the prostate is to secrete a slightly
alkaline fluid, milky or white in appearance, that in
humans usually constitutes roughly 30% of the volume of
the semen along with spermatozoa and seminal
vesicle fluid.
• Range of code(55700-55866)

25. OTHER PROCEDURES
• Artifical insemination is the deliberate introduction
of sperm into a female's uterus or cervix for the purpose
of achieving a pregnancy through in vivo fertilization
• Electroejaculation is a procedure where an electro robe
is used to obtain semen samples from sexually
mature male mammals
• Range of code(55870-55899)
• https://www.medesunglobal.com

26. THANK YOU