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RESPIRATORY AND
CARDIOVASCULAR
DISORDERS OF
PERINATAL PERIOD
INTRODUCTION
• Metabolic acidosis is a condition that occurs when the body
produces excessive quantities of acid or when the kidneys are
not removing enough acid from the body. If unchecked,
metabolic acidosis leads to acidemia, i.e., blood pH is low (less
than 7.35) due to increased production of hydrogen ions by
the body or the inability of the body to
form bicarbonate (HCO3
−) in the kidney.
• Acidosis refers to a process that causes a low pH in blood and
tissues.
• Acidemia refers specifically to a low pH in the blood.
• acidosis occurs Free hydrogen ions then diffuse into the
blood, lowering the pH. Arterial blood gas analysis detects
acidemia (pH lower than 7.35). When acidemia is present,
acidosis is presumed.
SIGNS&SYMPTOMS
• Chest pains
• Headache
• Palpitations
• Decreased visual activity
• Muscle weakness
• Joint pain
RESPIRATORY DISTRESS
• Respiratory distress is difficulty in breathing, and the
psychological experience associated with such difficulty, even
if there is no physiological basis for experiencing such distress.
• The physical presentation of respiratory distress is generally
referred to as labored breathing, while the sensation of
respiratory distress is called shortness of breath or dyspnea.
CONGENITAL PNUEMONIA
• Pneumonia is an inflammatory condition of the lung affecting
primarily the microscopic air sacs known as alveoli. Typical
signs and symptoms include a varying severity and
combination of productive or dry cough, chest pain, fever,
and trouble breathing, depending on the underlying cause.
• If it occurs during the birth is known as congenital pneumonia
NEONATAL ASPIRATION
• Meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS) also known
as neonatal aspiration of meconium is a medical condition
affecting newborn infants. It occurs when meconium is
present in their lungs during or before delivery.
• Meconium is the first stool of an infant, composed of
materials ingested during the time the infant spends in
the uterus.
ICD-10-CM GUIDELINES
• Metabolic acidemia in newborn- P19
• Respiratory distress of newborn- P22
• Congenital pneumonia-P23
• Neonatal aspiration-P24
• Interstitial emphysema and related conditions originating in
the perinatal period- P25
• Pulmonary hemorrhage originating in the perinatal period-
P26
• Chronic respiratory disease originating in the perinatal period-
P27
• Other respiratory conditions originating in the perinatal
period-P28
• Cardiovascular disorders originating in the perinatal period-
P29
• https://www.medesunglobal.com
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Respiratory and cardiovascular disorders of perinatal period

  • 2. INTRODUCTION • Metabolic acidosis is a condition that occurs when the body produces excessive quantities of acid or when the kidneys are not removing enough acid from the body. If unchecked, metabolic acidosis leads to acidemia, i.e., blood pH is low (less than 7.35) due to increased production of hydrogen ions by the body or the inability of the body to form bicarbonate (HCO3 −) in the kidney.
  • 3. • Acidosis refers to a process that causes a low pH in blood and tissues. • Acidemia refers specifically to a low pH in the blood. • acidosis occurs Free hydrogen ions then diffuse into the blood, lowering the pH. Arterial blood gas analysis detects acidemia (pH lower than 7.35). When acidemia is present, acidosis is presumed.
  • 4. SIGNS&SYMPTOMS • Chest pains • Headache • Palpitations • Decreased visual activity • Muscle weakness • Joint pain
  • 5. RESPIRATORY DISTRESS • Respiratory distress is difficulty in breathing, and the psychological experience associated with such difficulty, even if there is no physiological basis for experiencing such distress. • The physical presentation of respiratory distress is generally referred to as labored breathing, while the sensation of respiratory distress is called shortness of breath or dyspnea.
  • 6. CONGENITAL PNUEMONIA • Pneumonia is an inflammatory condition of the lung affecting primarily the microscopic air sacs known as alveoli. Typical signs and symptoms include a varying severity and combination of productive or dry cough, chest pain, fever, and trouble breathing, depending on the underlying cause. • If it occurs during the birth is known as congenital pneumonia
  • 7. NEONATAL ASPIRATION • Meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS) also known as neonatal aspiration of meconium is a medical condition affecting newborn infants. It occurs when meconium is present in their lungs during or before delivery.
  • 8. • Meconium is the first stool of an infant, composed of materials ingested during the time the infant spends in the uterus.
  • 9. ICD-10-CM GUIDELINES • Metabolic acidemia in newborn- P19 • Respiratory distress of newborn- P22 • Congenital pneumonia-P23 • Neonatal aspiration-P24 • Interstitial emphysema and related conditions originating in the perinatal period- P25 • Pulmonary hemorrhage originating in the perinatal period- P26
  • 10. • Chronic respiratory disease originating in the perinatal period- P27 • Other respiratory conditions originating in the perinatal period-P28 • Cardiovascular disorders originating in the perinatal period- P29 • https://www.medesunglobal.com