This document discusses various symptoms and signs involving cognition, perception, emotional state, and behavior. It introduces somnolence, stupor, coma and other conditions like catatonia. The Glasgow Coma Scale is discussed as a standardized scale for assessing levels of consciousness from deep unconsciousness to full alertness. Other conditions mentioned include delirium, amnesia, vertigo, anosmia, and parosmia. The document concludes by listing relevant ICD-10 codes covering symptoms related to cognitive functions, awareness, dizziness, smell and taste disturbances, general sensations, emotional state, and appearance/behavior.

1. SYMPTOMS AND SIGNS
INVOLVING
COGNITION,PERCEPTION,
EMOTIONAL STATE AND
BEHAVIOR

2. INTRODUCTION
• This category includes somnolence, stupor and coma, other
neurologic neglect syndrome etc….
• Coma can be assessed by using coma scale.
• Somnolence (alternatively "sleepiness" or "drowsiness") is a
state of strong desire for sleep, or sleeping for unusually long
periods (compare hypersomnia).

3. • Stupor is a state in which a person is
almost unconscious and their thoughts are not clear
• Catatonia is a state of psychogenic motor immobility and
behavioral abnormality manifested by stupor.

4. • Coma is a state of unconsciousness in which a person cannot
be awakened; fails to respond normally to painful stimuli,
light, or sound; lacks a normal wake-sleep cycle; and does not
initiate voluntary actions.

5. Glasgow Coma Scale
• Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) is a neurological scale which aims
to give a reliable and objective way of recording the conscious
state of a person for initial as well as subsequent assessment.
• A patient is assessed against the criteria of the scale, and the
resulting points give a patient score between 3 (indicating
deep unconsciousness) and either 14 (original scale) or 15 (the
more widely used modified or revised scale).

6. • Delirium, also known as acute confusional state, is an
organically caused decline from a previously baseline level of
mental function.
• Amnesia is a deficit in memory caused by brain damage,
disease, or psychological trauma

7. • Vertigo is a medical condition where a person feels as if they
or the objects around them are moving when they are
not. Often it feels like a spinning or swaying movement.
• Anosmia is the inability to perceive odor or a lack of
functioning olfaction—the loss of the sense of smell. Anosmia
may be temporary, but some anosmia (including traumatic
anosmia) can be permanent.

8. • Parosmia also known as troposmia or cacosmia is
an olfactory dysfunction that is characterized by the inability
of the brain to properly identify an odor's "natural" smell.

9. ICD-10-CM GUIDELINES
• R40 Somnolence, stupor and coma
• R41 Other symptoms and signs involving cognitive functions
and awareness
• R42 Dizziness and giddiness
• R43 Disturbances of smell and taste

10. • R44 Other symptoms and signs involving general sensations
and perceptions
• R45 Symptoms and signs involving emotional state
• R46 Symptoms and signs involving appearance and behavior
• https://www.medesunglobal.com

11. THANK
YOU