This document summarizes tools in ERDAS Imagine software for analyzing remote sensing images. It explains tools like the image information tool, histogram, look up table (LUT), utility tools (blend, swipe, flicker), profile tools, area of interest (AOI), subset, and signature. The histogram shows the distribution of pixel values. The LUT displays reflectance values for different land cover types. Tools like blend, swipe and flicker allow visual analysis over time. Profile tools show variation in spectral, spatial and surface features. AOI and subset are used to analyze specific image regions. Signatures identify pixel values for different land cover classes.

1. ASSIGNMENT
on REMOTE SENSING
EXPLAINING TOOLS BY PERFORMING TASK ON
DIFFERENT IMAGES
SUBMITTED TO SUBMITTED BY
Prof.BINDI MAM MAYANK SINGH SAKLA
In ERDAS IMAGINE SOFTWARE 

2. Image information tool
• Information is based on layers
• It gives information of image related to
general, projection, histogram ,pixel data
• It also shows the value of mean, median,
mode and standard deviation
• Uncertainty can be evaluated.

3. Image information tool

4. Information showing pixel data

5. HISTOGRAM
• Graphical representation
• It shows probability distribution of given variable
by certain range.
• Digital number occurence v/s actual digital
number.
• Total area of histogram = number of data
• It is Basic quality control tool.
• It helps in grey level formation
• It is useful to examine histogram before
performing any image enhancement.

6. Histogram of layer 1 of LISS III IMAGE

7. DESCRIPTION OF HISTOGRAM
• Histogram always starts with zero as a initial
on gray scale (0-255), because of the reason
that many times pixels are missing ,some time
no data body may be present like pure water
• By moving cursor on histogram mean,median
and mode can be obtained for any perticular
layer.

8. Significance of histogram
• For example like 
1. Useful in thematic map
2. If any field (crop) for any area is given than by
taking customers expectation study can be
generated.

9. Inquire cursor
• It is used to get PIXEL INFORMATION
• it shows look up table (LUT)

10. LUT LOOK UP TABLE
• It shows reflectance value
• Every color has its own reflectance value
• Black color = zero approx. LUT value for
example clear water body
• White color = 255 approx. LUT value for
example sand
• LUT compares with tabulated data.

11. Significance of LUT
For example 
1. in study of water inherent property which may
be optical like to calculate shallow depth or
bottom depth as per according to reflection.
2. If is helpful in knowing turbidity of water with
respect to preowned tabulated data.
3. According to LUT, density of urban (or any area)
can be calculated.
4. Height or elevation of any structure can be
obtained.

12. LUT of clear water(river) showing zero
There is no reflection in
water Body ,it absorbs
The radiation hence
Reflectance value (LUT)
water body = 0(approx.)

13. LUT for vegetation
Vegetation has higher
reflectance
Value in red band, hence
LUT value for red color is
higher.

14. LUT for sand (value 255)
Sand has higher reflectance value
because If reflects all the
incident radiation.
Sand due to its white color,
LUT=255 approx.

15. LUT of urban
Reflectance value for urban
patch is Higher in blue band ,
shown by Cyan color.

16. Utility tool
• Spatio-temporal analysis visually
1. Blend
2. Swipe
3. Flicker
(they shows visual effects tools)

17. blend

18. swipe

19. Flicker

20. PROFILE TOOLS
• Any information for set of pixel for given study
area may be line or polygon is called profile.
• section showing the sequence of the
various layers.
1. Spectral profile (variation in colors)
2. Spatial profile (levels of physical surface)
3. Surface profile (approx. 2.5D)

21. Spectral profile of diff.region

22. Spatial profile

23. Surface profile

24. ALL IMAGES
LISS III LANDSAT
LANDSATLANDSAT

25. Geo- link of images

26. AOIAREA OF INTEREST
Area of interest is termed as particular patch on which we
have to do analysis for our study this area may be of
different class like urban ,vegetation ,water body etc.
In our ERDAS software (.aoi) format can be seen over an raster image
only. To open this aoi format command is (ctrl+o)

27. Property of AOI

28. SUBSET
• A part of image for a selected identity or field.
• The significance of making subset is used to
make thematic map. This may be polygon or
rectangle or ellipse.
• This subset can be made for particular layer
also.

29. SUBSET OF AN IMAGE
=

30. SIGNATURE
• It may be defined as
identification of
Particular Feature.
•Idea about pixel
belonging to that
feature.
For example
Unique reflecting of
Feature as color of any
Field.

31. SIGNATURE EDITOR

32. HISTOGRAM FOR ONE BAND
Here, pixel value v/s gray scale intensity distribution for particular band is shown

33. HISTOGRAM FOR ALL SELECTED
SIGNATURE

34. STATISTICS
Random and probability
Polynomial or equation

35. MEAN PLOT

36. Thank you