Sample of Referencing workshop delivered by Student Academic Advice Team (SAAT). SAAT are part of the Faculty of Buisness and Law at the University of Sunderland.
17. The solution: referencing In-text - to express an author’s idea(s) and/or actual words Reference list – to acknowledge the source of the information used within your work ‘Turnitin’ – to check your use of other people’s work
18. When should you reference? Whenever you use information as Your source of inspiration As the source of a particular theory, argument or viewpoint For specific information such as statistics, examples or case studies For direct quotations (reproducing the authors exact words) For information which you paraphrase (rewrite in your own words) Adapted from; Cottrell, S. (2008) The Study Skills Handbook. 3rdedn. Basingstoke; Palgrave.
19. Checking your references While researching and writing your essay Keep notes of sources you access Note direct quotes carefully After you have completed your essay Ensure every quote or concept is referenced Compile your reference list Put all the other items in your bibliography
20. ‘A first year degree essay should have between 8 and 15 items listed ... It goes upwards from there’. How many texts should I have.... Burns, T. & Sinfield, S. (2003) Essential study skills; the complete guide to success @ university. London; Sage Publications.
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23. What next? Individual meetings Book a 45 minute individual appointment with an Academic Adviser Workshops Getting more from your reading Being a ‘critical thinker’ Effective research for assignments A guide to referencing Writing effective essays and reports What type of learner am I? Delivering better presentations Enhancing your note-taking Improving your exam performance Delivering better presentations Taking part in seminars and workshops
Editor's Notes
Section duration - 2 minsTotal running time – 4mins
Talk through this so the students are aware of its visual representation of what we plan to look at in this session. Also, draw the students’ attention to this issue being ‘a process of self development’
Ask students for some vocabulary which represents the term ‘plagiarism’ (such as cheating, stealing)Write language down and out on ‘sticky wall’
This slide emphases the two ways in which referencing should be undertaken.In the body of the text – paraphrased, in summary or direct quotationAt the end of your essay in an reference listRole of Turnitin to check the referencingExplain that all examples after this are HARVARD – law students must use footnotes.
Explain that referencing isn’t just about when you use the author’s words, but also when you use their thoughts, research or ideas.
Discuss how keeping accurate notes of your research and reading help you to avoid plagiarismWhilst writing your essay it is worth keeping full references in the text, then editing these down at your final edit stage – this avoids the risk of accidental plagiarism.Then you can compile your reference listSome lecturers want a reference list and a bibliography, some don’t – check and be sure to do what is required.If both reference list is all the authors you have either summarised or quoted, the bibliography will be all the other works you have read in your research, but did not use. You will only be able to do this if you keep accurate research notes
Point out that there is no ideal number of references – it depends on the level, subject and context.However citing only one or two authors repeatedly is not good practice, it suggests you have not really carried out thorough research and reading to prepare for your essay.
Guide to how to compile references – Cite Them Right Link available through My Sunderland on the Learning Tab
Turnitin is a web hosted plagarism detection softwareStudents submitting work via Sunspace will have work checked via TurnitinTurnitin checks the content of the submitted work against database containing whole of the internet, published journals and e-books, as well as all previously submitted work to Turnitin (internationally)Within maximum of 24 hours (normally between 2 mins and 2hour) provides a report which shows the % match of all that information. Students and lecturing staff can interrogate this report – it shows each piece of matching text and where it matches.It will find any part of an essay which has been copied from the internet, another students work (including previous years, or other universities), and from published works.Students can check which parts of their essay it matches, and ensure they have either properly referenced any quotes they have used and ensure they have not accidentally dragged and dropped from the internet. Matches which it highlights which have been correctly referenced are not a problem – matched areas which have not been referenced are plagiarism and are a problem. (Point out that they must check with module leader if the piece of work can be submitted repeatedly, or once only).Cheating – students have tried to cheat by submitting work to the wrong module, then submitting it to the correct module, in order to deliberately generate a 100% report – Turnitin can get round this. Intellectual Property – Some student shave complained that because Turnitin stores the work they submit it infringes their intellectual copyright. However submitting work for Turnitin helps to protect this, by prevent future plagiarism. Work can also be submitted and checked without being stored by Turnitin.