This document provides recommendations for improving feed resources in Pakistan. It recommends identifying and propagating superior fodder crops with higher yields. It also recommends improving range lands by evaluating local forage species, testing exotic grass varieties, and using water conservation techniques. Additionally, it recommends utilizing agricultural and industrial byproducts for livestock feeding by evaluating them, improving their quality, and providing farmer training. Overall, it stresses the need to better understand nutrient requirements, document available resources, estimate nutrient values, and develop the livestock feed industry in Pakistan.
Role of Poultry in alleviating the poverty and malnutrition in IndiaBalaraj BL
The backyard poultry birds like nondescript chicken, indigenous chicken and improved birds providing high quality protein diet in the form of Egg and Poultry meat. Backyard poultry industry also helping to supplement the family income and demands zero input. The large scale commercial poultry farms (both layer and broiler) farms helping meet the meat and egg demand of the urban population.
Dr. Bob James presented this material in a DAIReXNET webinar on April 21, 2015. Please visit http://www.extension.org/pages/15830/archived-dairy-cattle-webinars for more information on the webinar.
Role of Poultry in alleviating the poverty and malnutrition in IndiaBalaraj BL
The backyard poultry birds like nondescript chicken, indigenous chicken and improved birds providing high quality protein diet in the form of Egg and Poultry meat. Backyard poultry industry also helping to supplement the family income and demands zero input. The large scale commercial poultry farms (both layer and broiler) farms helping meet the meat and egg demand of the urban population.
Dr. Bob James presented this material in a DAIReXNET webinar on April 21, 2015. Please visit http://www.extension.org/pages/15830/archived-dairy-cattle-webinars for more information on the webinar.
Livestock play an important role in most small-scale farming systems throughout the world.
They provide traction to cultivate fields, manure to maintain crop productivity, and nutritious food products for human consumption and income-generation.
Despite the importance of livestock, inadequate livestock nutrition is a common problem in the developing world, and a major factor affecting the development of viable livestock industries in poor countries.
Thus the feed resources plays a major role in farm animals.
Role of poultry Industry in the socio-agro-economic development in BangladeshAminul Haque
Poultry sector has proved as an attractive economic activity, thereby, indicating its` importance for the entire economy.
The sector accounts for 14% of the total value of livestock output and is growing rapidly.
It is find out that poultry meat alone contributes 37% of the total meat production in Bangladesh.
Poultry contributes about 22-27% of the total animal protein supply in the country
Poultry meat is an important source of high quality proteins, minerals and vitamins to balance the human diet. Specially developed varieties of chicken (broilers) are now available with the traits of quick growth and high feed conversion efficiency. Depending on the farm size, broiler farming can be a main source of family income or can provide subsidiary income and gainful employment to farmers throughout the year. Poultry manure is of high fertilizer value which can be used for increasing yield of all crops.
The advantages of broiler farming are
a) Initial investment is lower than layer farming
b) Rearing period is 5-6 weeks only
c) More number of flocks can be taken in the same
shed
d) Broilers have high feed conversion efficiency i.e. the amount of feed required for unit body
weight gain is lower in comparison to other livestock
e) Faster return from the investment
f) Demand for poultry meat is more compared to sheep/goat meat
To know more please visit us www.growelagrovet.com
Presented by Muhammad Farooq Tareen at the Workshop on transforming livelihoods in South Asia through sustainable livestock research and development, Kathmandu, Nepal, 13-14 November 2018
This is a presentation that HFUU Legislative Committee made to Senate Agriculture Chairman Clarence Nishihara, and House Arriculture Chairlady Jessica Wooley on 11.4.13
This presentation show about feed technology how to feed and fodder process their History, Principles, classification and some related definition its also helpful to graduate student and post graduate student FEED TECHNOLOGY
Definition
The subject of feed technology deals with processing of feeds, fodders and preparation of formula feeds for which the knowledge of nutritional requirements of various livestock and poultry, quality control of feed ingredients, feed plant management and the storage of feed ingredients and feeds are essential.
Animal feed technology may also be defined as the application of physical, chemical, biochemical, biological and engineering techniques to increase the nutrient utilization of feeds and fodders in animal system for the development of livestock and poultry and feed industry.
Beginning of feed Industry and related Activities in the US:-
• In 1875 Mr. john barwell initiated the production of a calf meal at Blatchford of Waukegan, Illinois.
• American Feed Manufacturers Association (AFMA) was founded in 1909 in Wisconsin and its name was changed to American Feed Industry Association (AFIA) in 1985.
• The Association of American Feed Control Officials (AAFCO) was established in 1909.
• Linear programming, a mathematical procedure, was developed by George B. Dantzig in 1947.
• W.V. Waugh of USDA was the first to see the potential of this mathematical procedure and developed a least cost dairy feed in 1951.
• Food and drug Administration (FDA) was passed in 1906 in USA.
*Some of the AAFCO Definitions:-
1. Complete feed: - A nutritionally adequate feed for animals other than humans and is capable of maintaining life and / or promoting production without any additional substance, except water.
2. Concentrate:- A feed used with another to improve the nutritive balance of the total and intended to be further diluted and mixed to produce a supplement or a complete feed.
3. Supplement:- A feed used with another to improve the nutritive balance or performance of the total and intended to be (1) fed undiluted as a supplement to other feeds, (2) offered free- choice with other parts of the ration separately available or (3) further diluted and mixed to produce a complete feed.
4. Premix:- A uniform mixture of one or more micro-ingredients with diluents and carrier.
Development of Feed Industry in India:-
• Feed industry came into existence in India in 1961 with the establishment of a feed plant in Ludhiana, Punjab.
• Compound Livestock Feed Manufacturers Association (CLFMA) was formed on 8 June, 1967.
•
Livestock play an important role in most small-scale farming systems throughout the world.
They provide traction to cultivate fields, manure to maintain crop productivity, and nutritious food products for human consumption and income-generation.
Despite the importance of livestock, inadequate livestock nutrition is a common problem in the developing world, and a major factor affecting the development of viable livestock industries in poor countries.
Thus the feed resources plays a major role in farm animals.
Role of poultry Industry in the socio-agro-economic development in BangladeshAminul Haque
Poultry sector has proved as an attractive economic activity, thereby, indicating its` importance for the entire economy.
The sector accounts for 14% of the total value of livestock output and is growing rapidly.
It is find out that poultry meat alone contributes 37% of the total meat production in Bangladesh.
Poultry contributes about 22-27% of the total animal protein supply in the country
Poultry meat is an important source of high quality proteins, minerals and vitamins to balance the human diet. Specially developed varieties of chicken (broilers) are now available with the traits of quick growth and high feed conversion efficiency. Depending on the farm size, broiler farming can be a main source of family income or can provide subsidiary income and gainful employment to farmers throughout the year. Poultry manure is of high fertilizer value which can be used for increasing yield of all crops.
The advantages of broiler farming are
a) Initial investment is lower than layer farming
b) Rearing period is 5-6 weeks only
c) More number of flocks can be taken in the same
shed
d) Broilers have high feed conversion efficiency i.e. the amount of feed required for unit body
weight gain is lower in comparison to other livestock
e) Faster return from the investment
f) Demand for poultry meat is more compared to sheep/goat meat
To know more please visit us www.growelagrovet.com
Presented by Muhammad Farooq Tareen at the Workshop on transforming livelihoods in South Asia through sustainable livestock research and development, Kathmandu, Nepal, 13-14 November 2018
This is a presentation that HFUU Legislative Committee made to Senate Agriculture Chairman Clarence Nishihara, and House Arriculture Chairlady Jessica Wooley on 11.4.13
This presentation show about feed technology how to feed and fodder process their History, Principles, classification and some related definition its also helpful to graduate student and post graduate student FEED TECHNOLOGY
Definition
The subject of feed technology deals with processing of feeds, fodders and preparation of formula feeds for which the knowledge of nutritional requirements of various livestock and poultry, quality control of feed ingredients, feed plant management and the storage of feed ingredients and feeds are essential.
Animal feed technology may also be defined as the application of physical, chemical, biochemical, biological and engineering techniques to increase the nutrient utilization of feeds and fodders in animal system for the development of livestock and poultry and feed industry.
Beginning of feed Industry and related Activities in the US:-
• In 1875 Mr. john barwell initiated the production of a calf meal at Blatchford of Waukegan, Illinois.
• American Feed Manufacturers Association (AFMA) was founded in 1909 in Wisconsin and its name was changed to American Feed Industry Association (AFIA) in 1985.
• The Association of American Feed Control Officials (AAFCO) was established in 1909.
• Linear programming, a mathematical procedure, was developed by George B. Dantzig in 1947.
• W.V. Waugh of USDA was the first to see the potential of this mathematical procedure and developed a least cost dairy feed in 1951.
• Food and drug Administration (FDA) was passed in 1906 in USA.
*Some of the AAFCO Definitions:-
1. Complete feed: - A nutritionally adequate feed for animals other than humans and is capable of maintaining life and / or promoting production without any additional substance, except water.
2. Concentrate:- A feed used with another to improve the nutritive balance of the total and intended to be further diluted and mixed to produce a supplement or a complete feed.
3. Supplement:- A feed used with another to improve the nutritive balance or performance of the total and intended to be (1) fed undiluted as a supplement to other feeds, (2) offered free- choice with other parts of the ration separately available or (3) further diluted and mixed to produce a complete feed.
4. Premix:- A uniform mixture of one or more micro-ingredients with diluents and carrier.
Development of Feed Industry in India:-
• Feed industry came into existence in India in 1961 with the establishment of a feed plant in Ludhiana, Punjab.
• Compound Livestock Feed Manufacturers Association (CLFMA) was formed on 8 June, 1967.
•
Research on integration of livestock in agricultural systems of Babati Districtafrica-rising
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Dr. Marty Matlock - The Science of Sustainability: It is Not a Monometric Con...John Blue
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Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
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June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
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Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
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Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
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http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
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This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
2. RECOMMENDATIONS
• The following recommendations are important to be
undertaken for better feeding of livestock in the
country.
• Fodders. To improve the yield of fodder crop per
hectare it is necessary that:
• 1. Superior fodders germplasm should be identified
and propagated in the field.
• 2. Hybrid seeds either be imported or indigenously
• produced and distributed among the farmers.
• 3. With the seed provision, a complete package of
• agronomic practices should be transferred to the
farmer.
• Range lands. Grasses, shrubs and tree leaves are the
3. •
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
4. Year round fodder production systems should be devised
according to the geographical conditions of the area.
5. Institutional integration is needed to get best out of fodder
research stations.
6. Collaboration between crop and animal production
sectors may improve the situation.
7. Research facilities should be improved in the fodder
research stations and a national policy for fodder production
should be devised.
8. Infrastructure and inputs required for enhancing the
fodder production should be provided to the farmer.
9. To train the farmer about fodder conservation, special
workshops be held.
10. Evaluation of existing fodder crops through chemical
4. Range lands.
• Grasses, shrubs and tree leaves are the potential
feed reservoir for livestock in Pakistan. It can be
improved as follows:
• 1. Evaluation and identification of best local
forage species should be undertaken.
• 2. Exotic varieties of grasses, which could tolerate
heat and low moisture content be tested.
• 3. Water conservation techniques as if drip
irrigation, plastic mulching, pitcher irrigation etc.
could improve the range conditions.
5. 4. Range management, conservation and improvement policies are
required to be followed strictly.
5. Integration and collaboration between range management and
livestock management departments is important to consider for
betterment of range resources.
6. Involvement of local people through community organizations to
prevent the deterioration of range resources should be undertaken.
7. Artificial reseeding, fertilization and other inputs could provide good
results.
8. Rangeland act should be devised and implemented properly.
9. Artificial rain or water catchments areas should bedeveloped to
overcome the water shortage.
10. Allocation of funds to the rangeland department should be
increased so that range research and rangeland condition could be
improved.
6. Agro-Industrial by Products
Agricultural and industrial byproducts could contribute to a
greater extent to meet the needs of animals in Pakistan. If the
following steps are considered:
1. Chemical analysis and biological trials for evaluation of
byproducts to see their potential for livestock feeding should
be started.
2. Chemical, physical and biological treatments should be devised
to improve the quality of byproducts.
3. Farmer training is required so that they can use cheaper feed
resources.
4. Sugarcane pith could be used as an important nutrient source if
steam treatment is done.
7. 5. Molasses feeding through urea-molasses blocks and
liquid supplements could minimize the existing
nutrient deficiency for livestock.
6. About 376.23 MT of livestock dung is available in
Pakistan which could be used for livestock feed after its
recycling through chemical and biological methods.
7. Corncobs, cottonseed hulls, rice hulls could be used if
proper treatment is done and awareness is created
among the farmers.
8. Bakery, citrus industry and banana byproducts could
contribute a lot to animal feed.
8. General Considerations:
1. Proper coupling of nutrients at dietary, and digestive
and cellular levels is required to reduce the gap
between nutrient requirements and availability.
2. Proper documentation of available feed resources
under different ecological zones should be undertaken.
3. Actual worth of existing livestock feed resources should
be estimated through laboratory and biological trials.
4. Work is needed to estimate the nutrient requirements
of local livestock breeds at different physiological
conditions and under various climatic conditions.
5. Better feeding of livestock could be achieved if vertical
expansion of livestock production is followed.
9. 6. Government should start and encourage the private
sector to develop cattle feed industry in Pakistan.
7. Livestock production projects like small dairy holding
development should be extended to other areas and
livestock production scientists are needed to be
involved in livestock extension works.
8. Urea and poultry litter as a source of NPN could help a
lot to minimize the gap between protein availability
and requirements of ruminants.
9. Ensiling and hay making systems should be devised and
extended to the farmers according to local livestock
production system.