This document summarizes the Railnet system setup at the Gorakhpur division of the North Eastern Railway zone in India. It describes the key components of the Railnet including STM-1 equipment, routers, switches, modems, mail servers, LAN extenders and media converters. It also discusses the VLAN configuration, IP addresses, features, power supply, earthing, common failures and troubleshooting steps. The objective of the Railnet project is to provide computer connectivity across various railway organizations for information sharing.

2. Acknowledgement
I express my sincere thanks to Mr. ………………
(S.S.E./Tele Railnet) and Mr. …………………..
(S.S.E./Tele Railnet) for his invaluable support and
guidance throughout the work.

3. CONTENTS
• 1. introduction
• 2. Objective of the project.
• 3.Railnet arrangement at HQ Gorakhpur
• 4. Equipment used in Railnet
• 5. Features
• 6. power supply arrangement
• 7. failure and Trouble shooting.
• 8. Suggestion to minimize failure
• 10. Conclusion.

4. Introduction
Indian Railways have decided to set up their own
Corporate
Wide Information System (CWIS) called RAILNET to
provide computer connectivity between Railway
Board with Zonal Railways, Production Units,
Centralized
Training Institutes , RDSO, CORE & major training
Centers .

5. OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT
The main objective of the project are –
• To study the various equipment used in the
Railnet .
• To understand the installation and construction
of the equipment
• Failure and trouble shooting .
• Maintenance of the system.

8. V LAN
V LAN is configured on layer 3 switch ports in Railnet Gorakhpur .
A virtual LAN, commonly known as a VLAN, is a group of hosts with a
common set of requirements that communicate as if they were
attached to the same broadcast domain, regardless of their physical
location.
VLANs are created to provide the segmentation services traditionally
provided by routers in LAN configurations
The IP provided at VLAN is 172.16.11.1 and subnet is 255.255.255

9. Equipments used in Railnet
Synchronous Transport Module (STM)-1:
•The STM-1 (Synchronous Transport Module level-1) is the SDH
ITU-T fiber optical network transmission standard ,it is the
information structure.
•The basic rate of STM 1 is 155.520 mbps .
•In Railnet Gorakhpur “ Tejas TJ 100 CP “ STM – 1 Is in use .
•Input Voltage Range Normal Operation: -40V to –60V DC .
•Fuse 6A Slow Blow Glass fuse. Field replaceable

11. Equipments used in Railnet
 ROUTER-A
device that forward data packets along networks. A router is connected
to two or more logically separate network with network address
 MAKE- CISCO 2800 series .
One Router, having 4 WAN ports used in Railnet , Gorakhpur.
IP: 10.24.2.2
 The 2800 Series supports Secure Sockets Layer .
 Network interfaces can be upgraded in the field to accommodate future
technologies.
 Several types of slots are available to add connectivity and services in
the future on an "integrate-as-you-grow" basis.
 The Cisco 2800 supports more than 90 modules .

13. SWITCH –
 In networks , a device that filters and forward packets
between LAN segments.
It works using the destination address of individual frames.
 It can have 16/24/48 port one port is used to receive data
from router and all other to connect. T.S. Console port use
for programming switch locally.
 one big difference between layer 2 and layer 3 switches is
that we are able to do routing in intranetworking with
Layer 3 switches which is not possible to do with layer 2

14.  In N.E. Railway the layer- 3 switch is of Cisco 3750-G, which has
24 10/100/1000 Ethernet port and four SFP ports.
 The Cisco Catalyst 3750 Series stacks up to 9 switches as a single
logical unit for a total of 468 Ethernet ports
 IPv6 Capable—Getting Ready for the Future
 A working stack is self-managing and self-configuring. When
switches are added or removed, the master switch automatically
updates all the routing tables to reflect changes.

15.  The layer 2 switch is of Cisco 2950 series .
 The Catalyst 2950 Series Intelligent Ethernet Switches, is a
fixed configuration, stackable switch that provides Fast
Ethernet .
 When a Catalyst 2950 Switch is combined with a Catalyst 3550
Series Switch, the solution can enable IP routing from the
edge to the core of the network.
 Embedded in Catalyst 2950 Series switches is the Cisco Cluster
Management Suite (CMS) Software, which allows users to
simultaneously configure and troubleshoot multiple Catalyst
desktop switches using a standard Web browser.

17. MODEM –
A device that converts serial data from a computer to
analog data for transmission over ordinary or leaded
telephone lines and converts analog data back to digital
at receiving end .
this is used when the terminal is to be connected a
system located at remote locations .
In Railnet Gorakhpur one Dial up modem is in use .

18. Railnet Dial Up Access
Railway
RAS
MODEM
MODEM
MODEM
MODEM
MODEM
DIAL-UP
Central Switch
NER ACCESS
Mail SERVER
Router

19. Mail Server-
The mail server is use to provide e-mail facility to officers .
The RAILNET mail server in N.E.Railway Gorakhpur runs on operating
system “Windows server 2000” .
The RAM is of 512 Mb.
The processor is 3.2 GHz Intel Zenon.
All the communication on optical fiber.
The mail server is HP made and provide an unique email id for
communication .
The unique id is like designation..@ner. railnet.gov.in .

20. LAN EXTENDER
LAN Extender is a device that use to extend the local area network
beyond 100 meters through the copper cable.
LAN extender is connected both side of network.
THIS IS EXCELLENT FOR ETHERNET DISTANCE EXTENSION OVER
EXISTING TELEPHONE WIRE WITH JUST ONE PAIR OF TWISTED PAIR
COPPER WIRE CAN EASILY CONNECT TO ETHERNET.
In Railnet Gorakhpur Dasan and Atrie made LAN Extender
is in use .

22. Media converter
It is use to divert from one physical medium to other like from CAT 5 to
OFC .
In Railnet Gorakhpur Mrotek FCAT01-C and Mrotek FCAT-01
is in use .

24. DSLAM
It is a network device, located in the telephone exchanges of the
service providers, that connects multiple customer Digital Subscriber
Lines (DSLs)
The DSLAM acts like a network switch since its functionality is at Layer
2 of OSI model .
In N.E. Railway two numbers of DAS - 3248 DSLAM is in use each
one having 48 ports .

25. Features
Railnet Gorakhpur use various ways to provide internet connectivity
to its users .
various number of users are as –
LAN - 400 users
Broad band on residence – 96 users
Dial up - 96 users .
The IP provided as 172.16.11.1 , in this manner we can provide
IP .

26. Power Supply arrangement
All equipment in RAILNET are work on 230V. AC supply
In Railnet Gorakhpur two 5 KVA UPS (made by APC 5000 UX model)
are use to provide power supply . one is main and other is stand by
distribution board is use to connect all equipments
Battery :
Maintenance Free batteries manufactured by Power Systems
Limited (type EP 26 ) are used.
Each battery is of 26 AH , 8 batteries in series and 8+8 batteries in
parallel .
They work on Oxygen Recombination principle. Requirement
of water top up is completely eliminated .
Earthing
Conventional method of earthing is use in Railnet Gorakhpur.
Earthing is maintained at less than 1 ohms .

27. Failures and trouble shooting
RAILNET
Following main failure attend by telecom staff in
Railnet –
• Power supply failure
Check the supply if ok than check the fuse and
earth and rectify it .
• Link failure
link down due to link error & Hang of equipment .

28.  Problem in accessing Internet .
Reset LAN Extender .
Check whether LAN driver installed properly
or not if not install it properly .
Check cable pair fault and reset it .
Lead faulty between jack panel to terminal
Patch card fault
Test patch card using LAN tester .
Some times users face conflict in IP it is due to some
other user use same IP.

29. Problem in accessing internet at residence
If there is no ADSL linkup then check for faulty pair and loop
resistance (should be below 700 ohm).
If DSLAM hang then reset it .
If modem is hang reset it on default .

30. SUGGESTION TO MINIMIZE
FAILURE
• All equipment should be installed as their specification
suggest by RDSO
• The power supply must be constant
• Fuse & Earth protection are provided with correct rating
• Connector & Cable should be right & tight
• All equipments deal with trend staffs
• Never use any equipment without UPS or protection
• Never use any extra unrequited device as load
• All equipment should be cleaned & well temperature
maintained
• Schedule maintenance should be done properly

31. CONCLUSION
This project give the idea about the working of
RAILNET in N.E.Railway Zone . What are the
equipment and technology are used in it like as
server , router, switch, modems, LAN extender etc.
What are the requirements for the RAILNET setup.
Connectivity diagram of various locations. I have
also seen what was various faults and how they
were removed .
As being a trainee Section engineer I cultivate my
knowledge during making of this project and it
was a very nice experience during .