The document provides an introduction to radial compressors, also known as centrifugal compressors. It discusses the main components of a centrifugal compressor, including the inlet, impeller, diffuser, and collector. It explains how gas enters the impeller and is pushed outward, creating high pressure and compression. Applications include gas compression for natural gas pipelines and offshore platforms. Centrifugal compressors have advantages like wide operating ranges, high reliability, and efficiency. Their disadvantages include instability at low flows and sensitivity to gas composition changes.

1. Introduction to Radial
Compressor
Prepared BY: Submitted To:
MUKESH BAJIYA Mr.MANPREET SIR

2. Compressors
• A Compressor is a device which is used to supply air
or any other gas at high pressure.
• There are various types of compressor as:
1.Reciprocating Compressor
2.Rotary-Screw Compressor
3.Scroll Compressor
4.Centrifugal Compressor

3. 1.Rotary-screw Compressor
• A rotary-screw compressor is a type of
gas compressor that uses a rotary-type positive-
displacement mechanism. They are commonly used
to replace piston compressors where large volumes
of high-pressure air are needed, either for large
industrial applications or to operate high-power air
tools such as jackhammers.

4. 2.Reciprocating Compressor
• A reciprocating compressor or
piston compressor is a positive-
displacement compressor that uses pistons
driven by a crankshaft to deliver gases at
high pressure.

5. 3.Scroll Compressor
• A scroll compressor (also called
spiral compressor, scrollpump
and scroll vacuum pump) is a device for
compressing air or refrigerant. It is used in air
conditioning equipment, as an automobile
supercharger (where it is known as a scroll-
type supercharger) and as a vacuum pump.

6. 4.Centrifugal Compressor
• Centrifugal compressors, sometimes termed radial
compressors, are a sub-class of dynamic axis
symmetric work-absorbing turbo-machinery. The
idealized compressive dynamic turbo-machine
achieves a pressure rise by adding kinetic
energy/velocity to a continuous flow of fluid
through the rotor or impeller.

7. Components Of Centrifugal
Compressor
• Inlet
The inlet to a centrifugal compressor is typically a simple pipe. It may
include features such as a valve, stationary vanes/airfoils (used to help swirl
the flow) and both pressure and temperature instrumentation.
• Centrifugal impeller
The key component that makes a compressor centrifugal is the centrifugal
impeller, which contains a rotating set of vanes (or blades) that gradually
raises the energy of the working gas. This is identical to an axial
compressor with the exception that the gases can reach higher velocities
and energy levels through the impeller's increasing radius.
• Cont………….

8. Component
• Diffuser
The next key component to the simple centrifugal compressor is the
diffuser. Downstream of the impeller in the flow path, it is the diffuser's
responsibility to convert the kinetic energy (high velocity) of the gas into
pressure by gradually slowing (diffusing) the gas velocity. Diffusers can be
vaneless, vaned or an alternating combination
• Collector
The collector of a centrifugal compressor can take many shapes and
forms.When the diffuser discharges into a large empty chamber, the
collector may be termed a Plenum. When the diffuser discharges into a
device that looks somewhat like a snail shell, bull's horn or a French horn,
the collector is likely to be termed a volute or scroll.

9. Working
• The gas enters the primary suction eye of this high
speed rotary element known as impeller, which
consists of radial vanes cast in it. As the impeller
starts rotating, the blades on the impeller pushes the
gas outwards from centre to open end of impeller.
So a high pressure region is created which helps in
the formation of compression. For perfect working
of the compressor, it must be maintained in an oil
seal environment.

11. Working

12. Applications
1.Primarily used in Gas compressor components
2.Gas path for Natural gas
3.Off Shore platform applications
4.Gas Re-injection via sub sea export pipeline
5.Gas gathering
6.Typical oil compression
7.Gas shift system
8.Hydraulic compressors for Industrial machines

13. Advantages
1.Wide Operating ranges
2.Very high reliability
3.Low maintenance costs
4.Low initial cost
5.Medium Capacity storage
6.High efficiency
7. Their application can be from 100 horsepower (75 kW) to
thousands of horsepower.
8.With multiple staging, they can achieve high output pressures greater
than 10,000 psi (69 MPa).

14. Disadvantages
1.Very unstable when the flow is reduced.
2.Sensitive to changes in gas compositions
3.Limited compression ratios
4.Limited turn downs
5.Periodic replacement is necessary for proper
functioning

15. Thank You All !!!!!!