This document outlines the syllabus for a Reservoir Engineering 1 course. The 3 credit hour course is intended for sophomore and junior petroleum engineering students and covers fundamental reservoir engineering concepts and their practical applications. Lectures will be divided into two 50-slide presentations with a short break. Students will be assessed based on class activities, a midterm exam, and a final exam. The course schedule lists 16 lectures covering topics like petroleum reservoirs, fluid properties, laboratory experiments, and production methods. Major references and resources are also provided.

1. Reservoir Engineering 1 Course (1st Ed.)

2. 1.
2.
3.
4.
About This Course
Resources
Training Outline (beta)
Petroleum Engineering & Its Importance
2013 H. AlamiNia
Reservoir Engineering 1 Course: (Lec1) Introduction
2

4. Course Description
This course is prepared for:
 3 semester (or credit) hours and meets for a total of 3
hours a week.
Sophomore or junior level students (BS degrees)
(Major) Petroleum engineering students
(Minors) Production, Drilling and reservoir engineering
students
Prerequisites :Reservoir fluid properties and
reservoir rock properties.
The main objective: explaining the fundamentals of
reservoir engineering and their practical application
2013 H. AlamiNia
Reservoir Engineering 1 Course: (Lec1) Introduction
4

5. Lectures
Each session
Consists of different sections (about 4-5 sections)
Consists of about 50 slides
Is divided into 2 parts with short break time
Would be available online
2013 H. AlamiNia
Reservoir Engineering 1 Course: (Lec1) Introduction
5

6. Timing
Last Session (Review)
Session Outlook
Presentation A
Break Time
Presentation B
Next Session Topics
Roll Call
Roll Call, 5
Last session
(Review), 5
Next Session
Topics, 5
Session
Outlook , 5
Presentation B,
45
Break
Time, 5
Presentation A,
45
TIME (MIINUTE)
2013 H. AlamiNia
Reservoir Engineering 1 Course: (Lec1) Introduction
6

7. Assessment Criteria
Class activities
Class
activities,
5
5%
Mid-term exam
Mid-term
exam, 25
25%
Final exam
70%
Final
exam, 70
PERCENT OF GRADE
2013 H. AlamiNia
Reservoir Engineering 1 Course: (Lec1) Introduction
7

9. Syllabus
1390 edition
1378 edition
2013 H. AlamiNia
Reservoir Engineering 1 Course: (Lec1) Introduction
9

10. 1390 Edition
2013 H. AlamiNia
Reservoir Engineering 1 Course: (Lec1) Introduction
10

11. 1390 Edition (Cont.)
2013 H. AlamiNia
Reservoir Engineering 1 Course: (Lec1) Introduction
11

12. 1390 Edition (Cont.)
2013 H. AlamiNia
Reservoir Engineering 1 Course: (Lec1) Introduction
12

13. 1378 Edition
2013 H. AlamiNia
Reservoir Engineering 1 Course: (Lec1) Introduction
13

14. 1378 Edition (Cont.)
2013 H. AlamiNia
Reservoir Engineering 1 Course: (Lec1) Introduction
14

15. Class Lectures
2013 H. AlamiNia
Reservoir Engineering 1 Course: (Lec1) Introduction
15

16. Major References
Ahmed, T. (2006). Reservoir engineering handbook
(Gulf Professional Publishing).
2013 H. AlamiNia
Reservoir Engineering 1 Course: (Lec1) Introduction
16

17. Syllabus Proposed References:
Ahmed Tarek, H. (2001). Reservoir engineering
handbook (Houston, Texas: ButterworthHeinemann).
Craft, B.C., Hawkins, M.F., and Terry, R.E. (1991).
Applied petroleum reservoir engineering.
Dake, L.P. (1983). Fundamentals of reservoir
engineering (Elsevier Science).
Slider, H.C. (1983). Worldwide practical petroleum
reservoir engineering methods (PennWell Books).
2013 H. AlamiNia
Reservoir Engineering 1 Course: (Lec1) Introduction
17

19. Class Schedule
Lec. No. Topic
Lec. 1 Introduction
Lec. 2 Lec. 2: Petroleum Reservoirs
Lec. 3 Lec. 3: Gas & Oil Properties
Lec. 4 Lec. 4: Oil & Water
Properties and Experiments
Lec. 5 Lec. 6
-
Lec. 7
-
Lec. No. Topic
Lec. 9
-
Lec. 10 Lec. 11 Lec. 12 Lec. 13 Lec. 14 Lec. 15 -
Lec. 8
-
2013 H. AlamiNia
Lec. 16 Reservoir Engineering 1 Course: (Lec1) Introduction
19

20. Lec. 1: Introduction
About This Course
Resources
Training Outline (beta)
Petroleum Engineering & Its Importance
2013 H. AlamiNia
Reservoir Engineering 1 Course: (Lec1) Introduction
20

21. Lec. 2: Petroleum Reservoirs
Reservoir Fluid Behaviors
Petroleum Reservoirs
Oil
Gas
Gas Behavior
Gas Properties: Z Factor
2013 H. AlamiNia
Reservoir Engineering 1 Course: (Lec1) Introduction
21

22. Lec. 3: Gas & Oil Properties
Gas Properties:
Isothermal gas compressibility (Cg)
Gas formation volume factor (Bg)
Crude Oil Properties:
Density
Solution gas
Bubble-point pressure
Oil formation volume factor (Bo)
Total formation volume factor (Bt)
2013 H. AlamiNia
Reservoir Engineering 1 Course: (Lec1) Introduction
22

23. Lec. 4: Oil & Water Properties and
Experiments
Crude Oil Properties:
Viscosity
Surface Tension
Laboratory Analysis
Laboratory Experiments
2013 H. AlamiNia
Reservoir Engineering 1 Course: (Lec1) Introduction
23

26. Petroleum Engineering
Definition
Petroleum Engineering, by definition, is finding crude oil
and natural gas in the ground and devising a way to bring
it out of the ground.
Petroleum Engineer Role
Petroleum Engineers supply society with crude oil and
natural gas for energy. This energy fuels our cars and
planes, heats our homes, powers our plants and
generates electricity.
2013 H. AlamiNia
Reservoir Engineering 1 Course: (Lec1) Introduction
26

27. What Is Petroleum?
Crude oil, or petroleum, is an organic substance
derived from the remains of prehistoric plant and
animal matter.
It is a mixture of hydrocarbons, i.e. molecules
containing hydrogen and carbon, which exist
sometimes in liquid form (crude oil) and sometimes
as a vapor (natural gas).
2013 H. AlamiNia
Reservoir Engineering 1 Course: (Lec1) Introduction
27

28. Fish and Plant Fossil
2013 H. AlamiNia
Reservoir Engineering 1 Course: (Lec1) Introduction
28

29. Petroleum Formation
Millions of years ago, rains washed prehistoric
plant and animal remains into the seas along with
sand and silt, and layer upon layer piled up on the
sea bottom.
These layers were compressed under the weight of
these sediments, and the increasing pressure and
temperature changed the mud, sand and silt into
rock and the organic matter into petroleum. This
rock is known as source rock.
2013 H. AlamiNia
Reservoir Engineering 1 Course: (Lec1) Introduction
29

30. Oil Sources
Because oil and gas are lighter than water, they
float on top of water.
Oil and gas that formed in the source rock deep
within the earth floated up through tiny pore
spaces in the rock.
Some seeped out at the surface of the earth.
Some was trapped by dense, non-porous rock, called
shale.
These underground traps of oil and gas are called reservoirs.
Reservoirs contain porous rocks which allow fluids to flow
through the pore spaces, i.e. which are permeable.
2013 H. AlamiNia
Reservoir Engineering 1 Course: (Lec1) Introduction
30

31. An Example of Porous Rocks
2013 H. AlamiNia
Reservoir Engineering 1 Course: (Lec1) Introduction
31

32. Petroleum Extraction
Courtesy OEOC, Ahvaz, 2011
2013 H. AlamiNia
Reservoir Engineering 1 Course: (Lec1) Introduction
32

33. Petroleum Extraction: Drilling
Once the geoscientists analyze a prospective oil
field and the land is leased, a wildcat well is drilled
to obtain more information about the reservoir.
In late 1800's, oil wells were drilled by hammering steel
pipes into the rock.
Today, rotary drilling rigs are used, where a drill bit is
turned around and around, deeper and deeper, cutting
into the rock.
2013 H. AlamiNia
Reservoir Engineering 1 Course: (Lec1) Introduction
33

34. Drilling: Top Drive
Courtesy GPTK, Tabnak, 2008
2013 H. AlamiNia
Courtesy GPTK, Tabnak, 2008
Reservoir Engineering 1 Course: (Lec1) Introduction
34

35. Rotary Drilling
Drilling fluid, or drilling mud, is used to lubricate
the bit so it doesn't get stuck, and to flush the rock
pieces to the surface. These cuttings are examined
by a mud logger, who looks for signs of oil and gas.
Not all wells are straight and vertical. Horizontal
drilling has become a very profitable way to
increase production by having the wellbore
contacting more of the formation.
When the drilling is completed, the rigs can be
disassembled for assembly at another drill site.
Some rigs are on ships and barges for drilling
offshore.
2013 H. AlamiNia
Reservoir Engineering 1 Course: (Lec1) Introduction
35

36. Drilling Mud System
Courtesy OEOC, Ahvaz, 2011
2013 H. AlamiNia
Reservoir Engineering 1 Course: (Lec1) Introduction
36

37. Well Completion
After drilling, steel pipe called casing is set in the
hole and is cemented into place.
A heavy-duty system of valves called a Christmas
Tree is set into place at the wellhead to control the
flow of the oil, gas and water and prevent a
blowout.
Then the well casing is perforated at the right
depths to make holes for the oil and gas to flow into
the wellbore and up to the surface.
2013 H. AlamiNia
Reservoir Engineering 1 Course: (Lec1) Introduction
37

38. Christmas Tree
Courtesy ICOFC, Khangiran, 2011
2013 H. AlamiNia
Reservoir Engineering 1 Course: (Lec1) Introduction
38

39. Casing & Cementing
Courtesy OEOC, Ahvaz, 2011
2013 H. AlamiNia
Reservoir Engineering 1 Course: (Lec1) Introduction
39

40. Petroleum Extraction: Production
Because oil, gas and water underground are under
a lot of pressure at first, these fluids flow up a
wellbore all by themselves, much like a soft drink
that has been shaken up. When oil and gas are
produced this way, it is called primary recovery.
When the initial pressure is spent, sucker rod
pumps are used to pull the oil out of the reservoir
rock and up the well.
Sometimes gas is injected at the bottom of the
well, and as it expands, it lifts the oil up to the
surface. This is called gas lift.
2013 H. AlamiNia
Reservoir Engineering 1 Course: (Lec1) Introduction
40

41. Producing the Well
Opening up new channels in the rock for the oil
and gas to flow through is called stimulation.
Three stimulation treatments are commonly used:
Explosives to break up the rock,
Injection of acid to partially dissolve the rock, and
Hydraulic fracturing to split the rock and prop it open
with proppants.
2013 H. AlamiNia
Reservoir Engineering 1 Course: (Lec1) Introduction
41

42. Secondary Recovery
After primary recovery, only a portion of the oil and
gas has been produced, so secondary recovery, or
waterflooding is done.
Water and oil do not mix; oil is generally lighter than
water and floats on top of it in the reservoir.
During a waterflood, water is injected into the water
zone of some of the wells to push the oil and gas up the
other wells.
2013 H. AlamiNia
Reservoir Engineering 1 Course: (Lec1) Introduction
42

43. Consumption of Oil: Fuels
Fuel from produced oil and gas is used variously as
gasoline for cars, jet fuel, kerosene, propane gas for
cooking, heating oils for home furnaces, diesel fuels for
trucks and buses and trains, industrial fuels for boilers in
factories and ships, and solid coke for burning.
Many electricity generating plants are also run on oil or
natural gas.
2013 H. AlamiNia
Reservoir Engineering 1 Course: (Lec1) Introduction
43

44. Consumption of Oil: Plastics, Rubber,
Other Products and Fibers
Plastics, Rubber, Other Products
Many plastics and polymers are made from petroleum
feedstocks.
These are used to manufacture things like food wrap, toys,
containers, and automobile tires.
Other products include lubricating oils for machinery,
grease, wax for candles, asphalt for roads and roofs,
agricultural pesticides and fertilizers, and white oils and
petrolatum for medicinal purposes.
Fibers
Polyester and nylon are petrochemicals that are made
into thousands of consumer products like panty hose,
nylon thread, and polyester.
2013 H. AlamiNia
Reservoir Engineering 1 Course: (Lec1) Introduction
44

45. Careers in Oil Industry:
Engineers and Scientists
There are many careers in the oil industry. Nearly
every type of engineer can be found upstream or
downstream, including
Chemical, industrial, mechanical, civil, electrical,
bioengineers, and of course, petroleum engineers.
Natural and earth sciences are also prevalent in the
oil business.
Chemists, biologists, physicists, geologists, geophysicists,
and computer scientists work together on multidisciplinary teams with engineers to research and
optimize oil field and refinery operations.
2013 H. AlamiNia
Reservoir Engineering 1 Course: (Lec1) Introduction
45

46. Careers in Oil Industry:
Other Professional
There are also other professional and support
careers, as in any business.
These include business administration, accounting, law
and tax, advertising, sales and marketing, secretarial and
library functions, trucking, public and employee
relations, and a host of other positions to keep operation
smooth.
2013 H. AlamiNia
Reservoir Engineering 1 Course: (Lec1) Introduction
46

47. 1. ONGC Videsh (2003). Petroleum Engineering &
Its Importance.
2013 H. AlamiNia
Reservoir Engineering 1 Course: (Lec1) Introduction
47

48. 1. Reservoir Fluid Behaviors
2. Petroleum Reservoirs
A. Oil
B. Gas
3. Gas Behavior
4. Gas Properties: Z Factor
2013 H. AlamiNia
Reservoir Engineering 1 Course: (Lec1) Introduction
48