1 Introduction to Petroleum Engineering Prepared by Dr Minou Rabiei PTRE 201 Introduction to Petroleum Engineering Drilling Preliminaries 1 Introduction to Petroleum Engineering Prepared by Dr Minou Rabiei Lecture Outline 2 • Phases in an oilfield life cycle • Different types of wells drilled in each phase • An overview of the activities before drilling operations start • National and international agreements involved in drilling projects • Governmental regulations 2 Introduction to Petroleum Engineering Prepared by Dr Minou Rabiei 1. Exploration: Involves geological, geochemical and geophysical surveys 2. Appraisal: Preliminary development planning, feasibility studies 3. Development: Capital-intensive investments for operational infrastructure 4. Production: Starting to produce hydrocarbon 5. Abandonment: Decommissioning of facility installations Oilfield Life Cycle 3 Introduction to Petroleum Engineering Prepared by Dr Minou Rabiei • Geoscientists predict where the oil and gas occur. – Geology: Structural and stratigraphic studies – Geochemistry: Chemistry of petroleum and its sources – Geophysics: Gravity, magnetic and seismic methodologies • Existence of a working petroleum system is proved. – Preliminary business and economic planning – Define the optimal drilling location • Drilling starts after all » geological, » economic, » political and » environmental conditions are considered and evaluated. Exploration Phase 4 3 Introduction to Petroleum Engineering Prepared by Dr Minou Rabiei • WildCat Wells – Drilled in an unexplored and unproven area Might be “Dry Hole” • Exploratory wells – Assess if a prospect comprises commercial amounts of hydrocarbon • Appraisal (step out, delineation) wells – Determine the size of the field – Assess the viability of the reservoir • Developmental wells – Drilled in the known extent of the field to produce the hydrocarbon • In-fill wells – Drilled within the original drilled well patterns Well-Type Classification 5 Introduction to Petroleum Engineering Prepared by Dr Minou Rabiei • The most expensive component in exploration and field development. • A multidisciplinary project: – Operating company – An outside drilling contractor – One or more service companies • Health, safety and environmental (HSE) Drilling Engineering Group Activities: – Detailed well design, drilling rig selection – Contractor evaluation and bid requests – Risk assessment – Ensuring safe, economic and on schedule operations Drilling Operations 6 4 Introduction to Petroleum Engineering Prepared by Dr Minou Rabiei • In most countries, all mineral resources belong to the government • In the United States and parts of Canada, private land has two separate ownerships: – Surface rights owner • Can build a house, ranch, or farm on the land – Mineral rights owner • Can explore for and produce the gas and oil found on their land Land Rights 7 Introduction ...