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![Aetiology
• Risk factors for pyonephrosis include the
following:
– Immunosuppression due to medications (eg,
steroids)
– Disease (eg, diabetes mellitus, acquired
immunodeficiency syndrome [AIDS])
– Anatomic urinary tract obstruction (eg, from
stones, tumors, ureteropelvic junction [UPJ]
obstruction, pelvic kidney, horseshoe kidney).](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/pyonephrosis-221122055958-508f085a/75/Pyonephrosis-pptx-9-2048.jpg)
![Pathophysiology
• Pyonephrosis may be caused by
1. ascending infection of the urinary tract
2. the hematogenous spread of a bacterial
pathogen.
• upper urinary tract obstruction secondary to
various causes
1. Stones
2. Tumors
3. ureteropelvic junction [UPJ] obstruction).](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/pyonephrosis-221122055958-508f085a/75/Pyonephrosis-pptx-11-2048.jpg)
Uploaded byPradeep Pande
Pyonephrosis.pptx
This document provides tips for using a PowerPoint presentation on pyonephrosis. It recommends showing blank slides first to engage students by asking what they know about each topic before displaying the content slide. This active learning approach should be repeated for revisions. The presentation follows a standard format covering introduction, anatomy, etiology, pathophysiology, clinical features, investigations, management and prevention of pyonephrosis. Key points are that pyonephrosis is a purulent collection in the kidney due to obstruction and infection, and treatment involves drainage and antibiotics.
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Pyonephrosis.pptx
- 1. Tips on usingmy ppt. 1. You can freely download, edit, modify and put your name etc. 2. Don’t be concerned about number of slides. Half the slides are blanks except for the title. 3. First show the blank slides (eg. Aetiology ) > Ask students what they already know about ethology of today's topic. > Then show next slide which enumerates aetiologies. 4. At the end rerun the show – show blank> ask questions > show next slide. 5. This will be an ACTIVE LEARNING SESSION x three revisions. 6. Good for self study also. Good for self study also. Display blank slide> Think what you already know about this > Read next slide.
- 2.
- 3. Format 1. Introduction &History 2. Relevant Anatomy, Physiology 3. Aetiology 4. Pathophysiology 5. Pathology 6. Classification 7. Clinical Features 8. Investigations 9. Management 10.Prevention
- 4.
- 5. Introduction & History. •Purulent exudate (inflammatory cells, infectious organisms, and necrotic, sloughed urothelium) collects in the hydronephrotic collecting system ("pus under pressure") • results from urinary tract obstruction in the presence of pyelonephritis. •
- 6. Introduction & History. •The walled-oiff exudate is protected from the body's natural immune system and from antibiotics. • If not recognized and treated promptly, this infectious process may progress, often resulting in clinical deterioration with urosepsis, which can occur swiftly. • Thus, early recognition and treatment of acute infections of the kidney, especially in patients with suspected urinary tract obstruction, are of paramount importance.
- 7.
- 8. Aetiology • Idiopathic • Congenital/Genetic • Nutritional Deficiency/excess • Traumatic • Infections /Infestation • Autoimmune • Neoplastic (Benign/Malignant) • Degenerative • Iatrogenic • Psychosomatic
- 9. Aetiology • Risk factorsfor pyonephrosis include the following: – Immunosuppression due to medications (eg, steroids) – Disease (eg, diabetes mellitus, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome [AIDS]) – Anatomic urinary tract obstruction (eg, from stones, tumors, ureteropelvic junction [UPJ] obstruction, pelvic kidney, horseshoe kidney).
- 10.
- 11. Pathophysiology • Pyonephrosis maybe caused by 1. ascending infection of the urinary tract 2. the hematogenous spread of a bacterial pathogen. • upper urinary tract obstruction secondary to various causes 1. Stones 2. Tumors 3. ureteropelvic junction [UPJ] obstruction).
- 12.
- 13. Clinical Features • Demography •Symptoms • Hiistory • Signs • Prognosis • Complications
- 14.
- 15. Epidemiology • may developin any age group. • uncommon in adults and rare in children, • extremely rare in neonates.
- 16.
- 17. Symptoms • Similar toan abscess, pyonephrosis is typically associated with fever, chills, and flank pain, • although some patients may be asymptomatic. • Triad of- 1. Anemia 2. Fever 3. Flank swelling.
- 18.
- 19. History • Similar complaints •Urethral instrumentation/ operations • UTIs
- 20.
- 21. Investigations • Laboratory Studies –Routine – Special • Imaging Studies • Tissue diagnosis – Cytology • FNAC – Histology
- 22.
- 23. Diagnostic Studies Imaging Studies •X-Ray • USG • CT • Angiography • MRI • Endoscopy • Nuclear scan
- 24.
- 25. Management • Drainage—either percutaneousor retrograde with a ureteral stent—has become the mainstay of treatment, in conjunction with intravenous antibiotics. • placement of a percutaneous nephrostomy • In selected healthy, stable patients, consider retrograde decompression with a stent as an option. • Retrograde decompression with a stent • Nephrectomy
- 26.
- 27. Prevention • Prompt treatmentof obstructive leisons of urinary tract.
- 28. Get this pptin mobile 1. Download Microsoft PowerPoint from play store. 2. Open Google assistant 3. Open Google lens. 4. Scan qr code from next slide.
- 30. Get this pptin mobile 1. Download Microsoft PowerPoint from play store. 2. Open Google assistant 3. Open Google lens. 4. Scan qr code from next slide.
- 33. Get my pptcollection • https://www.slideshare.net/drpradeeppande/ edit_my_uploads • https://www.dropbox.com/sh/x600md3cvj8 5woy/AACVMHuQtvHvl_K8ehc3ltkEa?dl =0 • https://www.facebook.com/doctorpradeeppa nde/?ref=pages_you_manage