A peripheral smear is a thin layer of blood used to examine red blood cells (RBCs) and white blood cells (WBCs) under a microscope. There are two types of smears - thin smears and thick smears. Thin smears are prepared by spreading blood into a thin layer on a slide and are used to observe cell morphology and detect anemias and leukemias. Thick smears use more blood spread in an oval shape and are prepared and examined similarly, but are used specifically to detect parasitic infections like malaria.

1. PS- PERIPHERAL SMEAR
Ms Ankita R Bhatiya
Assistant Professor
Shree P.M.Patel COLLEGE OF
PARAMEDICAL SCIENCE N TECHNOLOGY

2. IT INCLUDE:
 1.What is smear?
 2.Purpose of making smear.
 3.Types of smear

3. PS- PERIPHERAL SMEAR
 Peripheral Smear (PS)
 Smear: Layer of blood.
 PS is performed for following purpose:
1.For observe morphology of RBC & WBC.
2. To check any abnormality in RBC & WBC.
3. For the detection or various types or anaemia &
Leukaemia.
4. To Check Parasitic infection.

4. PS- PERIPHERAL SMEAR
 There are two types of smear.
 1.Thin
 2. Thick.
1.Thin Smear:
 Four major steps involve in Thin Smear.
 1. Preparation of Smear
 2. Fixation of Smear
 3. Staining of Smear
 4. Microscopic Examination

5. PS- PERIPHERAL SMEAR
1.Preparation of Smear
 Requirement: Slide, Spreader slide, dropper.
 Sample: EDTA blood sample or capillary blood.
 Procedure:
1. Take a clean and dry slide.
2.Transfer a drop of blood near the edge of the
slide.
3. Put a spreader-slide at 30 to 35 angle.
4. Pull back the spreader slide until it touches the
blood drop.
5.Push the spreader in forward direction with
smooth movement.
6. A thin layer is formed which appear in Three
zone.

6. PS- PERIPHERAL SMEAR

7. PS- PERIPHERAL SMEAR
2.Fixation of Smear:
 Requirement: Methanol
 Procedure:
 1. Fix the blood smear with methanol for 2-3 min to prevent
distortion of cells.
 2. Keep it for air dry.

8. PS- PERIPHERAL SMEAR
3.Staining of smear: Stain: It is one type of chemical which give
colour to blood cell and organism. Following stain which are
used for staining of smear.
1. Polychromatic stain
2. Romanowasky stain
3. Leishman stain
4. Field stain (field A, field B)
Polychromatic stain: - Stain contains more than one dye.
Ex: Giemsa Stain it's contain Methylene blue basic dye and
Eosin acidic dye Eosin stain basic component of cell like
cytoplasm. Methylene blue stain acidic component of cell like

9. PS- PERIPHERAL SMEAR
3.Staining of smear:
Requirement: Giemsa stain, D/W OR buffer solution,
staining rack, drying rack.
 Procedure:
1.Take 1 ml of D/W OR buffer solution in tube.
2.In this tube add 4-5 drops of Giemsa Stain.
3.Mix it well & pour on smear whole area.
4. Keep it for 15 mins than wash with water & keep it for air

10. PS- PERIPHERAL SMEAR
4.Microscopic examination:
1. Observe the smear under the 45X OR 100X.
2. Examine the film by moving from one field to the next
system optically and observe the WBC & RBC
morphology.

11. PS- PERIPHERAL SMEAR
2.Thick Smear: Thick smear is performing to check
parasitic infection especially for Malaria parasite.
Three major steps involve in Thick Smear.
 1. Preparation of smear
 2. Staining of smear
 3. Observation

12. PS- PERIPHERAL SMEAR
1.Preparation of smear.
 Requirement: Slide, applicator stick
 Sample: EDTA blood OR Capillary blood
 Procedure:
 1. Take clean & dry slide.
 2. Transfer drop of blood on slide & spread the blood drop in
round or oval shape with applicator stick.
 3. Keep it for air dry.

13. PS- PERIPHERAL SMEAR
2.Staining of smear:
 Requirement: Giemsa stain, D/W OR buffer solution,
staining rack, drying rack
 Procedure:
1. Take 1 ml of D/W in tube.
2. In this tube add 4-5 drops of Giemsa Stain.
3. Mix it well & pour on smear whole area.
4. Keep it for 15 mins than wash with water & keep it for air
dry on drying rack.

14. PS- PERIPHERAL SMEAR
3.Microscopic examination:
1. Observe the smear under the 100x.