This document discusses different types of projects and why it is important to understand the differences. It describes short term versus long term projects, large, medium and small projects based on resources, teams, deliverables and timeframes. Project types are also classified by area such as technical, organizational, economic and social. Sequential projects must be completed in order while parallel projects allow concurrent tasks. Internal projects support a company's operations while external projects are done for outside clients. Understanding project types helps with strategic planning, identifying teams, success metrics, methodology, risk assessment, budgeting and feedback strategies.

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Different project types and why is it
important to know
MP01: Projects - Concepts, Types,
Cases Context and Organization

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Contents
Click to add Title1 Short Term vs. Long Term Projects1
Click to add Title2 Large, Medium and Small Projects2
Click to add Title1 Classification of projects by type
and area3
Click to add Title2 Sequential vs. Parallel Projects4
Click to add Title1 External vs. Internal Projects
5
Click to add Title2
Why is it important to know
different project types?6
2

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Short Term vs. Long Term Projects
3
Definition
A project is considered to be Short Term if it could be concluded
during a year; and Long Term if it could take more than a year.
Different Features with respect to following factors:

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Examples of Short Term and Long Term
Projects
4
•Bridge Demolition
•Relief Aid to Natural
Disaster Areas, or for wounded
soldiers
•Rob a bank
•Shooting a Documentary
or a Photo-shoot
•Assassination
•Buying/ selling a Car/
house
•Running a political
movement/election campaign
•Construction of Mega
Structures/Dams/bridges/Sky
Scrapers/Cities e.g. Sydney
Opera (Jan 1970-Okt 1973)
•Development of Complex
Medicines’ Formulae/
Pharmaceuticals
•Insurance Claim
Short Term Long Term

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Large, Medium and Small Projects
5
The Projects are
categorized as
Large, Medium
and Small on the
basis of the
following:
1Total financial resources available
2 Number of team members involved
3Number and size of deliverables to be produced
4 Complexity of deliverables to be produced
5Timeframes involved in delivery

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Large, Medium and Small Projects
Large
Project
Large
Project
Medium
Project
Medium
Project
Small
Project
Small
Project
ProjectsizeProjectsize
6
Phases Large Project Medium Project Small Project
Initiation Establish Terms of
Reference
Develop a Business Case Develop a Business
Case
Planning Create a Project Plan Create a Project Plan Create a Project Plan
Execution Build Deliverables Build Deliverables Build Deliverables
Closure Review Project
Completion
Review Project
Completion
Undertake Post-
Implementation Review
How the Project category is determined
and what activities are done within each
phases in each categories?
•Project size
•Project complexity
Source: http://www.mpmm.com/project-sizes.php

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Classification of Projects by Type and Area
7
Mixed
projects
Technical
projects Organizational
projects
Economical
projects
Social
projects
Types of
projects by
area
•Privatization of the
company;
•Introduction of
financial planning
and budgeting;
•Introduction of a
new taxation system.
•Construction of a
building or
structure;
•Developing of a
new product line;
• Software
development.
•Reorganizing or
creating a new
company;
• Implementation of a
new system of
management;
• Execution of an
international
conference or
exhibition.
•Reform of welfare;
• Social protection
of vulnerable
population;
•Overcoming the
effects of natural and
social disasters.
Restructuring plan of
the company,
including the
introduction of a
system of financial
planning and
budgeting,
development and
implementation of
special software

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Sequential vs. Parallel Projects
8
There are two main types according to the workflow
management of the projects.
•Sequential projects: Task should be done in a specific
order.
•Parallel projects: Tasks can be done in any order.
Sequential projects
Parallel projects

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Sequential vs. Parallel Projects
9
Sequential Projects
Features
Parallel Projects
Features
• Not able to solve problems in
late process
• Waste of time for product
development projects
• Dissatisfaction of the
customer
• Not so much flexible
• Problem in complex design
issues
• Every step will be monitored
Ex: Building a house
• Short time frame
• No acceptance of errors in
critical steps
• Task management of the
staff is important
• Challanges of the project
manager
• Critical steps should be
defined in depth
Ex: Studying for lectures

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Internal Projects vs. External Projects
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Internal project External project
Optimization of organizational processes
To support external projects in general.
► Examples:
- Upgrading the company's IT infrastructure
- Essentially any endeavor that will
enhance the day-to-day activity of the
company
► Problems associated with internal
projects:
Internal projects are never as stable as
projects run for external customers
On behalf of the external clients.
Usually well-planned, well-thought out, and
well-funded.
Client oriented projects.
► Examples:
- Developing accounting software designed
specifically for another company.
- Installing a prepaid system for a mobile
carrier.

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Why is it important to know different
project types?
11
 Strategic Planning and Project Objectives
 Identification of People
Project Sponsor
Team Selection
Stakeholders
project Manager
 Key indicators of success of a project and an evaluation strategy
 Methodology that need to be used for a project
 Helps to Compare different project types and evaluate profit to cost
ratio
 Helps to compare risks associated with different projects
 Budgeting and planning
 Helps to identify strategies to collect feedback

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