The document outlines a project management system that integrates various methodologies and technologies to facilitate planning, organization, and scheduling for project success. It describes essential components such as task identification, resource management, and project monitoring, emphasizing the importance of a synthesized approach between resources and time through different subsystems. Additionally, tools like Critical Path Method (CPM), Program Evaluation and Review Technique (PERT), and Gantt charts are highlighted for their roles in project evaluation, control, and scheduling.

2.  The project management system is composed of
organization structure, information processing ,
practices and procedure that permit integration of the
vertical and horizontal elements of projects
organizations.
 Vertical element include the breakdown of all task in
the project; horizontal elements the functional units
and department involved in the project .
 The project management system is a combination of
methodologies and technologies that assist you with
the planning, organizing and scheduling everything
that contributes to the success of a project.
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3. DR. RICHA SINGHAL 3

4.  Identification of tasks
 Identification of resource requirements and costs
 Establishing priorities
 Planning and updating schedules
 Project Monitoring and controlling
 Measuring project performance
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5. TO MANAGE PROJECTS SUCCESSFULLY, A PERFECT
SYNTHESIS IS ESSENTIAL BETWEEN RESOURCES AND TIME.
THIS IS POSSIBLE ONLY BY APPLING THE SYSTEM CONCEPT.
THE TOTAL SYSTEM OF A PROJECT MANAGEMENT CONSISTS
OF SEVEN SUB-SYSTEMS.
 PLANNING SYSTEM
 INFORMATION SYSTEM
 CONTROL SYSTEM
 TECHNICAL SYSTEM
 ORGANISATION SYSTEM
 CULTURAL SYSTEM
 HUMAN SYSTEM
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6. Planning is the process of deciding in
advance about the future course of
actions to be taken.
 Breaking down complex activities
into manageable pieces.
 Determining logical sequences of
activities.
 Providing an inputs including time
and resources required for the project.
 Providing a logical basis for the
assessment of programmes.
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7. It is a framework and methodology through which
the entire planning and control information passes
between the top management and those executives of
middle and lower levels engaged in the project
management.
Computer base PMIS- Create and update project files
containing information necessary for planning , control
and summary documents.
Enable data from other information files to be
transferred to the project data base.
Integrate summary reports for projects, functional.
(cost, work, labour, schedule)
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8. Reporting performance, comparing the
differences between desired and actual
performance levels, and accounting for why
differences exist, is the subject of project
control.
Three aspects: cost, time and quality
Three phases-
 Setting standards
 Comparing standards with actual
performance
 Taking corrective actions
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9. Special techniques and methods to fit in every
project are determined well before they are applied .
 CPM(Critical Path Method)
 PERT (Programme evaluation and review
technique)
 Work break down structure
 Gantt Chart analysis
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10. CPM(Critical Path Method)
CPM is majorly used for determining the
approximate time within which a project
can be completed. Critical path is the
largest path in project management
which always provide minimum time
taken for completion of project
PERT (Programme evaluation and
review technique)- PERT is majorly
applied for scheduling, organization and
integration of different tasks within a
project. It provides the blueprint of
project and is efficient technique for
project evaluation .
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11. THE PROCEDURE FOR
DEVIDING THE OVERALL
PROJECT INTO SUB-
ELEMENTS OR SMALL
PIECES (WORKPACKAGES)
TO BE WELL UNDERSTOOD,
PLANNED AND
CONTROLLED IS KNOWN
AS WBS.
EXECUTED BY THE
PROJECT TEAM TO
ACCOMPLISH THE PROJECT
OJJECTIVES AND CREATE
THE REQUIRED
DELIVERABLES.
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12. DETAIL
RISK
CONTROL
ESTIMATED
ACCURACY
WORK PACKAGE
VALUE
WORK PACKAGE
MAN-HOURS
PROJECT
CATEGORY
SUBCATEGORY
WORK PACKAGE

13. Gantt charts are used for planning and
scheduling projects in project management. A
Gantt chart is incredibly useful because it
allows you to simplify complex projects into an
easy-to-follow plan and track the status of tasks
as work progresses.
Gantt charts also help you keep track of project
deadlines, milestones, and hours worked so
you can spot and address delays or overages
before they wreak havoc on your project.
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14. A temporary organization designed to
achieve specific results by using a team
of specialists from different functional
area in the firm is called a project
organization. The organization system
has a major influence on the execution
of the project.
 Unity of command
 Inter-related task
 Clear-cut authority lines
 Well-defined Responsibility
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15. The organizational culture is a stirred effect of beliefs,
values, attitudes, traditions, and behaviours of the members
of that organization. OC is based on shared attitudes,
beliefs, customs, and written and unwritten rules that have
been developed over time and are considered valid.
 The ways the organization conducts its business, treat its
employees, customers, and the wider community.
 The extent to which freedom is allowed in decision
making, developing new ideas, and personal expression,
 How power and information flow through its hierarchy,
and
 How committed employees are towards collective
objectives
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16. The role of interpersonal and human
relations skills that a project head must
possess to perform his duties diligently.
The essential skills of a project leader
while managing this subsystem are:
 Influencing group members
 Negotiating with customers
 Communicating, directing, motivating
and controlling the teams.
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17. The “systems” approach describes a way of dealing
with complex problems and opportunities in
organizations. The system approach is a framework
for conceptualising problems as systems and for doing
things such as solving problems and designing systems.
1- The objectives and Performance Measures
2- The Environment and Constraints
3- The Resources
4- The Elements
5- The Management
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18.  IS PROBLEM SOLVING
FRAMEWORK
 TO HELP DECISION MAKER
 SELECT THE BEST ALTERNATIVE
ELEMENTS
• OBECTIVE
• CRITERIA
• ALTERNATIVES RESOURCES
AND
• CONSTRAINTS
• ANALYSIS MODEL
• PROCEDURE FORMULATION
• FORMULATION
• RESEARCH
• ANALYSIS/ JUDGEMENT
• VERIFICATION
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19. THE WAYS OF APPLYING THE SYSTEMS APPROACH IS CALLED SYSTEMS
METHODOLOGIES.
1- SYSTEM ANALYSIS- It is the methodology concerned with determining whether alternative
solutions or elements of a system sufficiently contribute to its desired objective.
2- SYSTEM ENGINEERING- System Engineering focuses on the scientific and technical
aspects of systems to ensure that sub-systems, components, support sub-systems, and
environmental sub-systems interrelate and interface to satisfy functional requirements.
SYSTEM CONCEPT
SYSTEM DEFINITION
DETAILED DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT
SYSTEM PRODUCTION
SYSTEM OPERATION AND SUPPORT
3- SYSTEM MANAGEMENT- It performs the basic managerial functions of planning,
organisation and control throughout the life of a system, but the focus remains on coordinating
and integrating work rather than actually performing it.
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20. The systems development cycle may be defined as the process of developing,
implementing and operating the system that involves a logical sequence of
activities. It is broader in scope and comprises not only the configuration and
integration but virtually all considerations in systems development viz., planning,
scheduling, budgeting, control, organization, communication, negotiation,
documentation and resources acquisition and allocation.
PHASES OF SYSTEMS DEVELOPMENT LIFE CYCLE
• CONCEPTRION PHASE ( Idea, need, basic design, organisation structure
• DEFINITION /FORMULATION PHASE (technical, economic, financial,
managerial aspects of all the alternative ways )
• EXECUTION PHASE (Design and construction)
• OPERATIONAL PHASE(Results, Evaluation, Feedback)
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21. 1) Briefly describe the systems approach. Where does the
systems approach apply? In a sentence, explain what a
manager does with the systems approach that she might not do
otherwise.
2) Explain the various methodologies for implementing
systems approach.
3) Discuss briefly the computer techniques applied in the
technical system of project management.
4) Describe the elements of the system approach apply to
projects and project management.
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22. THANKS
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