This lecture presents the Smart City Concept. It includes presentation of the city challenges, the response of the Smart City to these challenges, the Smart City concept, a survey of the smart city development in the world and the methodology of the implementation of this concept.

1. Sustainable
and
Smart
City
:
AUST
Summer
Course
Chapter
3
:
Introduc8on
to
Smart
City
Professor
Isam
SHAHROUR
Isam.shahrour@univ-­‐lille1.fr

2. City
Popula4on
Expansion
(Explosion)
Energy
&
water
consump4on
Greenhouse
emission
Climate
Change
Traffic
conges4on
Air,
water
&
soil
pollu4on
The
City
Challenges
Financial
&
economic
Crises
Increase
demand
for
life
quality
&
comfort
Gouvernance
par4cipa4on
Poverty
Slums
Society
aging
Health
&
educa4on
Housing

3. We
have
to
transform
our
city
Infrastructure
Housing
Urbaniza8on
Management
(governance)
Statement
:
Huge
Financial
and
economic
crises
Sustainable
City
Env-­‐
responsible
Social
-­‐responsible
Digital
technology
revolu8on
Futur
genera8on
(Smart
City
Concept)

4. Facing
the
2th
century
challenges
Infrastructures
City
transforma8on
Governance
Buildings

5. Two
strategies
Improve
the
buildings
and
infrastructure
quality
Large
investment,
takes
6me..
In
Europe
new
buildings
represent
about
1%
of
the
buildings
stock
annually
Improve
the
infrastructure
management
(Digital
technology)
Low
investment,
rapid
implementa6on

6. DLeigs
irtéasl
eRaeuvxo
lsuo8coianu
x
• Communica4on
• Social
network
• Mobile
• Internet
of
things

7. Smart
sensors
technology

8. Smart
Technology
Smart
governance
SMART
CITY

9. More
data
BIG
DATA
digital,
images,
movies,
audios
Health,
Educa4on
Art,
Culture

10. Smart
city
technology
allows
• Real-­‐8me
monitoring
(Urban
systems
as
well
as
other
urban
related
data)
• Rapid
ac8on
in
the
case
of
abnormal
event
(leakage,
contamina8on,
overload,..)
• Op8mal
management
of
resources
• Stakeholders
implica8on
and
par8cipa8on
• Development
of
predic8ve
models

11. Smart
City
Technology
movies
A3
Cisco
Smart
Grid
-­‐
HD
Version
A4
Alsthom
Architecture
of
a
Smart
Grid
A5
Smart
Grid
Denmark
-­‐
the
intelligent
power
grid
of
the
future
A6
Smart
ci8es
in
the
new
urban
world
Peter
Nijkamp
at
TEDxUdG

12. Smart
City
history

13. Smart
Grid
historical
perspec8ve

15. Smart
City
Interna8onal
overview

16. Ci8es
Strategy
and
vision

17. SIEMENS
report,
2010

18. Survey
in
15
ci8es
across
the
world

19. 15
CITIES

20. Ci8es
Classifica8on:
• Emerging
ci4es:
Popula4on
Growth
3
to
6
%
• Transi4onal
ci4es
:
Popula4on
Growth
2
to
3
%
• Mature
Ci4es
:
Popula4on
Growth
1
to
2
%

25. Smart
City
in
EUROPE

27. Why
?
Ci4es
are
becoming
more
and
more
a
focal
point
for
our
economies
and
society,
because
of
:
• On-­‐going
urbaniza4on
• increasingly
knowledge-­‐intensive
economies
•
their
growing
share
of
resource
consump4on
and
emissions.

28. Why
?
To
meet
public
policy
objec4ves
under
these
circumstances,
Ci4es
need
to
change
and
develop,
but
in
4mes
of
8ght
budgets
this
change
needs
to
be
achieved
in
a
smart
way:
our
ci8es
need
to
become
'smart
ci8es'.

29. Triple
boeom
line
gain
for
Europe:
•
A
significant
improvement
of
ci4zens'
quality
of
life,
• An
increased
compe44veness
of
Europe's
industry
• Strong
contribu4on
to
sustainability
and
the
EU’s
20/20/20
energy
and
climate
targets
EU’s
20/20/20
energy
and
climate
targets
In
2020
(compared
to
1990)
:
• 20%
reduc4on
in
CO2
emissions
•
20%
coming
from
renewables
•
20%
increase
in
energy
efficiency.

30. Triple
boeom
line
gain
for
Europe:
This
will
be
achieved
through
:
wide-­‐reaching
roll
out
of
integrated,
scalable,
sustainable
Smart
City
solu9ons
–
specifically
in
areas
where
• energy
produc4on,
distribu4on
and
use;
•
mobility
and
transport;
• and
informa4on
and
communica4on
technologies
are
in8mately
linked.

32. 2014

43. Stockholm
:
Traffic
Conges8on
City
traffic
decrease
by
18%
CO2
emission
decrease
14-­‐18
%

44. Smart
City
in
United
States
Smart
Grid
–
NEMA
Report
(2011)
NEMA
:
Associa6on
of
electrical
and
medical
imaging
equipment
manufacturers
(US)

45. Smart
Grid
–
NEMA
Report
(2011)

46. Smart
Grid
–
NEMA
Report
(2011)

47. Smart
Grid
–
NEMA
Report
(2011)

49. Novembre
2013

50. Smart
City
in
INDIA

51. July
18,
2014

52. SMART
CITY
in
UK
New
ini8a8ve
to
support
$40
billion
smart
ci8es
in
the
UK
October,
9,
2013

53. Smart
City
JAPAN

54. Rio
de
Janeiro
Smart
City
IBM,
January
2011
Rio
Opera8ons
Center
(control
room)
• Ini4al
focus
was
floods,
soil
sliding
and
emergency
• The
scope
considerably
extended
to:
transporta4on,
water,
weather
and
energy

55. Smart
City
in
Africa
2014

59. IBM

60. CISCO

61. NEC
helps
realize
Smart
Ci8es
by
offering
five
leading
technologies:

62. www.forbes.com
June
19,
2014
Sarwant
Singh
hdp://www.forbes.com/sites/sarwantsingh/2014/06/19/smart-­‐ci4es-­‐a-­‐1-­‐5-­‐trillion-­‐market-­‐
opportunity/

66. Big
Data
and
Smart
City

67. Big
data
:
Set
of
technologies
and
prac8ces
to:
• Collect
and
store
large
amounts
of
data
• Analyze
large
and
varied
data
very
quickly.

68. Big
data
:
• Enormous
amounts
of
both
structured
and
unstructured
data,
•
Difficult
to
manage
with
conven8onal
storage
solu8ons
and
treatment.
•
They
come
from
various
sources
and
are
(mostly)
produced
in
real
8me.

69. Open
data
:
Open
data
:
data
that
can
be
freely
used,
shared
and
built-­‐on
by
anyone,
anywhere,
for
any
purpose.

70. Requirements
for
open
data
Legal
openness:
you
must
be
allowed
to
get
the
data
l,
to
build
on
it,
and
to
share
it.
Technical
openness:
there
should
be
no
technical
barriers
to
using
that
data
(machine
readable)

71. Big
Data
:
major
role
in
the
society
of
tomorrow
• Research,
Educa4on,
• health
• Sustainable
development,
transport,
• security
• Marke4ng,
customer
services,

72. Big
Data
-­‐
the
3V
:
Variety,
Velocity
and
Volume.

73. 4th
"V"
=
Value
Big
Data
has
an
important
societal
or
(and)
economic
value

74. Data
Analysis
of
Big
data
Objec4ve:
• Understanding
complex
phenomena
(Research,..)
• Elabora4on
of
socio-­‐economic
strategy
(health,
educa4on,
transport,
…)
• Process
op4miza4on
• Understand
customer
expecta4ons,
• Establish
business
strategies

75. Big
Data
Mining
profession
Complex
profession
requiring:
• Group
work
(data
providers,
users,
Math,
info,
Applied
Sciences,….)
• Good
scien4fic
background,
• Knowledge
of
methods
of
data
analysis,
• Good
knowledge
of
computer
technology
• Taste
for
"business"
applica4on

76. Personal
data
EU
Data
Protec8on
Direc8ve
(95/46/EC)
:
«
Personal
data
»
:
any
informa4on
rela4ng
to
an
iden4fied
or
iden4fiable
natural
person
Iden8fiable
person
:
who
can
be
iden4fied,
directly
or
indirectly,
in
par4cular
by
reference
to
an
iden4fica4on
number
or
to
one
or
more
factors
specific
to
his
physical,
physiological,
mental,
economic,
cultural
or
social
iden4ty.

78. Big
Data
Movies
:
B1
to
B5

79. Smart
City
Implementa8on

80. Health,
Educa4on
Art,
Culture,
commerce,

81. City
Big
Data

82. Implementa8on
of
the
smart
city
?
City
Campus

84. The
Smart
City
implementa8on
journey
Step
1:
Establish
the
need
and
strategy
• Understand
the
need
and
the
challenges
of
the
city
(urban
system)
and
how
the
SC
concept
could
respond
to
these
challenges.
• Based
on
the
diagnos4c
phase,
establish
a
mul4-­‐phase
strategy
with
milestones
• Establish
a
government
model
for
the
smart
city

85. The
Smart
City
implementa8on
journey
Step
2
:
Data
collec8on
• Data
concerning
the
physical
urban
infrastructures
(Geographic
Informa4on
System
GIS)
• Smart
Monitoring
of
urban
infrastructures
(smart
sensors
and
actuators)
• Data
concerning
the
urban
environment
as
well
as
urban
usages

86. The
Smart
City
implementa8on
journey
Step
3
:
Communica8on
Build
real
4me
bi-­‐direc4onal
communica4on
with
urban
system
as
well
as
with
the
city
stakeholders
:
• Combining
wired
and
contactless
technology,
• Heterogeneous
sensors
and
protocols,
• Reliability,
Cyber
security,
• Energy
saving

87. The
Smart
City
implementa8on
journey
Step
4
:
Data
analysis
• Technology
and
sojware
to
store
and
analyse
huge
amount
of
data
(Big
Data)
(real-­‐4me)
• Develop
predic4on
model
based
on
the
historical
and
geo-­‐localized
data

88. The
Smart
City
implementa8on
journey
Step
5
:
Protocols
Establish
protocols
for
• Op4mal
management,
• Crisis
management,
• Implica4on
of
end-­‐users
• New
services
(business)

89. The
Smart
City
implementa8on
journey
Strategy
for
policy-­‐makers
• Use
the
data,
analy4cs,…
to
establish
urban
development
and
investment
strategy
• Innovate
in
the
socio-­‐economic
model
(taxes,
private-­‐public
partnerships,
social
aid,…-­‐

90. The
Smart
City
implementa8on
journey
Itera8ve
procedure:
• Improvement
• Extension
• New
services
Implementa4on
Tes4ng
Usage
Stakeholders
back-­‐field
and
demand