This lecture presents the concept of the smart city with particular focus on the use of the digital technology and collective governance. It also presents the data collection, analysis and use in the management of the City and the methodology to be followed for the implementation of the Smart City concept.

1. Smart
City
Solu-on
and
Implementa-on
AUST
Summer
Course
Chapter
3
:
Introduc-on
to
Smart
City
Professor
Isam
SHAHROUR
Isam.shahrour@univ-­‐lille1.fr

2. Q1
:
The
Smart
City
Concept?
Q2:
Data
management
technology?
Q3
:
Smart
City
implementa:on
?
3
Ques-ons

3. City
Greenhouse
emission
Climate
Change
Popula:on
Expansion
(Explosion)
Energy
&
water
consump:on
Traffic
conges:on
Air,
water
&
soil
pollu:on
Financial
&
economic
Crises
Health
&
educa:on
Housing
Poverty
Slums
Gouvernance
par:cipa:on
Society
aging
Increase
demand
for
life
quality
&
comfort
The
City
Challenges

4. Infrastructure
Housing
Urbaniza-on
Management
(governance)
Sustainable
City
Env-­‐
responsible
Social
-­‐responsible
Futur
genera-on
Huge
Financial
and
economic
crises
Digital
technology
revolu-on
(Smart
City
Concept)
Statement
:
We
have
to
transform
our
city

5.
Improve
the
buildings
and
infrastructure
quality
Large
investment,
takes
6me..
In
Europe
new
buildings
represent
about
1%
of
the
buildings
stock
annually
Two
strategies
Improve
the
infrastructure
management
(Digital
technology)
Low
investment,
rapid
implementa6on

6. Les
réseaux
sociaux
Digital
Revolu-on
• Communica:on
• Social
network
• Mobile
• Internet
of
things

7. Smart
sensors
technology

8. Smart
Technology
Smart
governance
SMART
CITY

9. Health,
Educa:on
Art,
Culture
BIG
DATA
digital,
images,
movies,
audios
More
data

10. Smart
city
technology
allows
• Real-­‐:me
monitoring
(Urban
systems
as
well
as
other
urban
related
data)
• Rapid
ac:on
in
the
case
of
abnormal
event
(leakage,
contamina:on,
overload,..)
• Op:mal
management
of
resources
• Stakeholders
implica:on
and
par:cipa:on
• Development
of
predic:ve
models

11. Smart
City
history

12. Smart
Grid
historical
perspec-ve

13. Earliest
Smart
Grid
Project
:
Teleogestore
GRID,
Italy
in
2005,
by
ENEL
It
offers
saving
of
500
millions
€
for
a
cost
of
2.1
billion
€

14. Smart
City
in
EUROPE

16. Ci:es
are
becoming
more
and
more
a
focal
point
for
our
economies
and
society,
because
of
:
• On-­‐going
urbaniza:on
• increasingly
knowledge-­‐intensive
economies
•
their
growing
share
of
resource
consump:on
and
emissions.
Why
?

17. To
meet
public
policy
objec:ves
under
these
circumstances,
Ci:es
need
to
change
and
develop,
but
in
:mes
of
-ght
budgets
this
change
needs
to
be
achieved
in
a
smart
way:
our
ci-es
need
to
become
'smart
ci-es'.
Why
?

18. EU’s
20/20/20
energy
and
climate
targets
In
2020
(compared
to
1990)
:
• 20%
reduc:on
in
CO2
emissions
•
20%
coming
from
renewables
•
20%
increase
in
energy
efficiency.
Triple
bo]om
line
gain
for
Europe:
•
A
significant
improvement
of
ci:zens'
quality
of
life,
• An
increased
compe::veness
of
Europe's
industry
• Strong
contribu:on
to
sustainability
and
the
EU’s
20/20/20
energy
and
climate
targets

19. Triple
bo]om
line
gain
for
Europe:
This
will
be
achieved
through
:
wide-­‐reaching
roll
out
of
integrated,
scalable,
sustainable
Smart
City
solu9ons
–
specifically
in
areas
where
• energy
produc:on,
distribu:on
and
use;
•
mobility
and
transport;
• informa:on
and
communica:on
technologies
are
in-mately
linked.

20. 2014

27. Stockholm
:
Traffic
Conges-on
City
traffic
decreased
by
18%
CO2
emission
decreased
by
14-­‐18
%

28. Smart
City
in
United
States
Smart
Grid
–
NEMA
Report
(2011)
NEMA
:
Associa6on
of
electrical
and
medical
imaging
equipment
manufacturers
(US)

29. Smart
Grid
–
NEMA
Report
(2011)

30. Smart
Grid
–
NEMA
Report
(2011)

31. Novembre
2013

32. July
18,
2014
Smart
City
in
INDIA

33. Smart
City
JAPAN

34. Rio
de
Janeiro
Smart
City
IBM,
January
2011
Rio
Opera-ons
Center
(control
room)
• Ini:al
focus
was
floods,
soil
sliding
and
emergency
• The
scope
considerably
extended
to:
transporta:on,
water,
weather
and
energy

35. Smart
City
in
Africa
2014

38. Smart
City
Technology
movies
A1
Smarter
Ci-es_
Introducing
'The
Smarter
City’
A3
Cisco
Smart
Grid
-­‐
HD
Version
A5
Smart
Grid
Denmark
-­‐
the
intelligent
power
grid
of
the
future
A6
Smart
ci-es
in
the
new
urban
world
Peter
Nijkamp
at
TEDxUdG

39. Q1
:
The
Smart
City
Concept?
Q2:
Data
management
technology?
Q3
:
Smart
City
implementa:on
?
3
Ques-ons

40. Health,
Educa:on
Art,
Culture
BIG
DATA
digital,
images,
movies,
audios
Data

41. The
amount
of
data
being
generated
worldwide
increases
at
a
rate
of
40%-­‐60%
per
year
• In
2007
the
amount
of
new
data
exceeded
the
amount
of
digital
storage
space
being
created
•
By
2011
it
more
than
doubled
it.

42. Set
of
technologies
and
prac-ces
to:
• Collect
and
store
large
amounts
of
data
• Analyze
large
and
varied
data
very
quickly.
Big
data
:

43. Big
data
:
• Enormous
amounts
of
both
structured
and
unstructured
data,
•
Difficult
to
manage
with
conven:onal
storage
solu:ons
and
treatment.
•
Come
from
various
sources
and
(mostly)
produced
in
real
:me.

44. Big
Data
-­‐
the
3V
:
Variety,
Velocity
and
Volume.

45. Open
data
:
Open
data
:
data
that
can
be
freely
used,
shared
and
built-­‐on
by
anyone,
anywhere,
for
any
purpose.

46. Requirements
for
open
data
Legal
openness:
you
must
be
allowed
to
get
the
data,
to
build
on
it
and
to
share
it.
Technical
openness:
there
should
be
no
technical
barriers
to
use
this
data
(machine
readable)

47. Data
Analysis
of
Big
data
• Understanding
complex
phenomena
(Research,..)
• Elabora:on
of
socio-­‐economic
strategy
(health,
educa:on,
transport,
…)
• Process
op:miza:on
• Understand
customer
expecta:ons,
• Establish
business
strategies

48. Q1
:
The
Smart
City
Concept?
Q2:
Data
management
technology?
Q3
:
Smart
City
implementa-on
?
3
Ques-ons

49. Implementa-on
of
the
smart
city
?
City
Campus

51. Step
1:
Establish
the
need
and
strategy
• Understand
the
need
and
the
challenges
of
the
city
(urban
system)
and
how
the
SC
concept
could
respond
to
these
challenges.
• Based
on
the
diagnos:c
phase,
establish
a
mul:-­‐phase
strategy
with
milestones
• Establish
a
government
model
for
the
smart
city
The
Smart
City
implementa-on
journey

52. Step
2
:
Produc-on
and
collec-on
of
data
• Data
concerning
the
physical
urban
infrastructures
(Geographic
Informa:on
System
GIS)
• Smart
Monitoring
of
urban
infrastructures
(smart
sensors
and
actuators)
• Data
concerning
the
urban
environment
as
well
as
urban
usages
The
Smart
City
implementa-on
journey

53. Step
3
:
Communica-on
Build
real
:me
bi-­‐direc:onal
communica:on
with
urban
system
as
well
as
with
the
city
stakeholders
:
• Combining
wired
and
contactless
technology,
• Heterogeneous
sensors
and
protocols,
• Reliability,
Cyber
security,
• Energy
saving
The
Smart
City
implementa-on
journey

54. Step
4
:
Data
analysis
• Technology
and
somware
to
store
and
analyse
collected
data
(Big
Data)
(real-­‐:me)
• Develop
predic:on
model
based
on
the
historical
and
geo-­‐localized
data
The
Smart
City
implementa-on
journey

55. Step
5
:
Protocols
Establish
protocols
for
• Op:mal
management,
• Crisis
management,
• Implica:on
of
end-­‐users
• New
services
(business)
The
Smart
City
implementa-on
journey

56. Strategy
for
policy-­‐makers
• Use
the
data,
analy:cs,…
to
establish
urban
development
and
investment
strategy
• Innovate
in
the
socio-­‐economic
model
(taxes,
private-­‐public
partnerships,
social
aid,…-­‐
The
Smart
City
implementa-on
journey

57. • Improvement
• Extension
• New
services
The
Smart
City
implementa-on
journey
Itera-ve
procedure:
Implementa:on
Tes:ng
Stakeholders
feed-­‐back
and
demand
Usage

58. Conclusion
The
concept
of
smart
city
offers
a
great
opportunity
to
improve
the
management
and
development
of
our
ci:es
:
-­‐
Use
of
the
digital
revolu:on
-­‐ Knowledge
based
technology
(data
analysis,
data
crossing,
learning..)
-­‐ Combines
technical,
economic
and
social
issues
-­‐ Mul:-­‐scale
approach
-­‐ Real
:me
control,
increase
in
the
opera:ng
security
-­‐ Historical,
real-­‐:me
and
mul:-­‐scale
data
:
op:mal
management
-­‐ Share
and
implica:on
of
all
stakeholders
New
concept
:
We
yet
have
to
learn
from
real
projects,
field
experimenta:on

59. Conclusion
The
concept
of
smart
city
offers
a
great
opportunity
to
improve
the
management
and
development
of
our
ci:es
:
• Use
of
the
digital
revolu:on
• Knowledge
based
technology
(data
analysis,
data
crossing,
learning..)
• Combines
technical,
economic
and
social
issues
• Mul:-­‐scale
approach

60. Conclusion
• Increase
in
the
security:
Real
:me
control
• Op:mal
management
:
use
of
historical,
real-­‐:me
and
mul:-­‐scale
data
• Collec:ve
intelligence:
implica:on
of
all
stakeholders
New
concept
:
We
yet
have
to
learn
from
real
projects,
field
experimenta:on
New
concept
:
We
have
to
learn
from
real
projects,
field
experimenta-on,
promote
the
concept

61. Conclusion
New
concept,
we
have
to:
-­‐ learn
from
real
projects,
field
experimenta:on
-­‐ Promote
the
concept
-­‐ Innovate
in
the
partnership
and
economic
model
(pricing,
private/public)

62. Movies:
• A1
Smart
Ci:es
How
do
we
Build
the
Ci:es
of
Tomorrow
Hugh
Green
at
TEDxEmory
• A2
Smarter
Ci:es_
Introducing
'The
Smarter
City’
• A3
Smart
Grids
Explained
• A4
Smart
Grid
Denmark
-­‐
the
intelligent
power
grid
of
the
future.
• A5
How
Big
is
Big
Data
• A6
Smart
ci:es
in
the
new
urban
world
Peter
Nijkamp
at
TEDxUdG.

63. Thank
you