The document describes various motor drive applications in machines such as grinders, milling machines, and excavators, detailing their operational mechanisms and motor types. It covers the use of different motor types, including DC shunt, induction, and compound motors across several machine tools and processes. Additionally, the document discusses advanced motor applications like servo motors and sensors for precise control and movement.

1. APPLICATIONS- MOTOR DRIVES
Dr.L.Kurinjimalar
Associate Professor/EEE

2. • A grinding machine, often shortened to grinder, is a machine
tool used for grinding, which is a type of machining using an
abrasive wheel as the cutting tool.
• Each grain of abrasive on the wheel's surface cuts a small chip
from the work piece via shear deformation.
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3.  A milling machine is a machine tool
used to machine solid materials.
Milling machines are often classed in
two basic forms, horizontal and vertical,
which refers to the orientation of the main
spindle.
Milling machines may be manually
operated, mechanically automated, or
digitally automated via computer
numerical control (CNC).
In both grinding and milling machine,
the motors may be dc shunt or
induction type with slip rings and
arrangement for pole changing with cage
motors.
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4.  A planer is a type of metalworking
machine tool that uses linear relative
motion between the work piece and a
single-point cutting tool to machine a
linear tool path.
 Its cut is analogous to that of a lathe,
except that it is linear instead of helical.
There is cutting stroke and a quick
return stroke.
Arrangements for speed reversing
should be incorporated.
A DC compound motor can be used.
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5.  Most punch presses are large
machines with either a 'C' type frame, or a
'portal' (bridge) type frame.
 Shearing, also known as die cutting,
is a process which cuts stock without the
formation of chips or the use of burning or
melting. Strictly speaking, if the cutting
blades are straight the process is called
shearing.
 On account of heavy fluctuation of
load, a flywheel is provided.
The motor may be DC shunt or
compound or slip ring induction type.
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7.  Centrifugal compressors, sometimes referred to as radial compressors, are a
special class of radial-flow work-absorbing turbomachinery that include pumps,
fans, blowers and compressors.
 In the case of centrifugal pumps,blowers,fans and other loads involving the
turbulent flow of fluid,the load torque varies as the square of speed.
The motor may be squirrel cage induction or slip ring induction type.
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Load torque characteristics
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8.  Excavators are heavy construction
equipment consisting of a boom, bucket
and cab on a rotating platform (known as
the "house").
 The house sits atop an undercarriage
with tracks or wheels.
 All movement and functions of the
excavator are accomplished through the use
of hydraulic fluid, be it with rams or motors.
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9. COILER DRIVES
In a single production cycle, the wire is
coiled to spring, knotted at both ends and
heat treated.
The group of six conveyor arms moves
the spring from a processing station to the
other.
When the production cycle is completed,
the springs are collected in the outlet
channel for stored.
The operator no longer has to bend to
collect the springs.
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Wm
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10. Examples of hoists
Single-drum hoist Double-drum hoist Friction (Koepe) hoist
Blair-multi rope hoist Conical drum Spiral drum
Examples of hoists
A ratchet lever hoist
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11. When using a drum hoist the hoisting cable is
wound around the drum when the conveyance
is lifted.
INDUCTION MOTORS are used for hoisting.
A drum hoist and motor
High
speed
Low speed
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12. diesel locomotive
A diesel electric locomotive employs a dc motor fed by a dc generator driven by a
diesel engine.
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15. DC torque motors
• Some high-end motors are available for direct
drive servo or force applications (no gears).
• They have low speed (a few rpm), high
precision (with servo-ing), and moderate
torque.
• Typically have large diameter vs. length, and
use rare-earth magnetic material.
• Cost $100’s (but maybe
less as surplus).
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16. Sensors
• Shaft encoders can be fitted to almost any DC
motor. They provide position sensing.
• Many motor families offer integrated
encoders.
• Strain gauges can be used to sense force
directly. Or DC brush motor current can be
used to estimate force.
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17. Linear movement
• There are several ways to produce linear
movement from rotation:
• Rotary to linear gearing:
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18. Linear movement
• Ball screws: low linear speed, good precision
• Motor drives shaft, stages move (must be
attached to linear bearing to stop from
rotating).
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19. Linear movement
• Belt drive: attach moving stage to a toothed
belt:
• Used in inkjet printers and some large XY
robots.
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20. True Linear movement
• There are some true linear magnetic drives.
• BEI-Kimco voice coils:
• Up to 1” travel
• 100 lbf
• > 10 g acceleration
• 6 lbs weight
• 500 Hz corner
frequency.
• Used for precision vibration control.
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21. Summary
• AC motors are good for inexpensive high-power
applications where fine control is not needed.
• DC motors provide a range of performance:
– DC brush: versatile, “servo” motor, high speed, torque
– DC brushless: speed/toque depend on electronics
– Stepper: simple control signals, variable
speed/accuracy without gearing, lower power
– Direct-drive (torque) motors, expensive, lower torque
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