This document summarizes different types of production systems. It discusses continuous and intermittent systems, categorizing them based on variety, uniformity and volume per output. Continuous systems produce a few standard products in large quantities using specific machinery. Intermittent systems like batch and job-order production handle a wide range of products in smaller quantities with general machinery. The document also outlines the characteristics, examples and challenges of different continuous and intermittent production systems like flow, mass, batch, job-order and project systems.

1. PRESENTAION BY-
DEEP SHREE
TYPES OF PRODUCTION SYSTEMS

2. PRODUCTION
A production process consists of
activities that are required in
transforming an input set (human
resources, raw
materials, energy, money,information, e
tc.) to valuable outputs with the help of
processors.

3. Production system
A production system converts inputs into
outputs with the help of processors
A generalised production system can be
represented as:-
INPUT OUTPUT
(goods/services)
PROCESSOR

4. Types of production
systems
 Classification on the basis of output
Three bases considered-
1. Variety
2. Uniformity
3. Volume per output type
o Two types -
a)continuous
b)intermittent

5. CONTINUOUS INTERMITTENT
FLOW
PRODUCTION
MASS
PRODUCTION
BATCH
PRODUC-
TION
JOB
ORDER
PROJECTS
LOW HIGH
VARIETY
HIGH LOW
UNIFORMITY
HIGH LOW
VPOT

6. DIFFERENCE BETWEEN CONTINUOUS AND
INTERMITTENT SYSTEMS
 ON THE BASIS OF MACHINERY
CONTINUOUS INTERMITTENT
1.SPECIFIC MACHINERY 1.GENERALISED MACHINERY
2.PERMANENT MACHINE
SETUP
2.FREQUENT CHANGES IN
MACHINE SETUP
3.DUPLICATION OF
MACHINES
3.LESS MACHINES
REQUIRED

7.  ON THE BASIS OF MATERIAL
HANDLING AND LABOUR USE
CONTINUOUS INTERMITTENT
1.UNSKILLED AS WELL AS
SMALL TEAM OF
SPECIALISED LABOUR
FORCE
1.HIGHLY SKILLED LABOUR
FORCE
2.MECHANIZED MATERIAL
HANDLING
2.NOT FEASIBLE TO
EMPLOY MECHANIZED
HANDLING
3.MATERIAL HANDLING
COST IS LESS
3.MATERIAL HANDLING
COST IS HIGHER
4.INVESTMENT IN
INVENTORY IS HIGHER
4.NEED FOR INVENTORY IS
MINIMISED

8.  ON THE BASIS OF OUTPUT
PRODUCED-
CONTINUOUS INTERMITTENT
1.FEW STANDARD PRODUCTS
IN LARGE QUANTITIES
1.WIDE RANGE OF PRODUCTS
IN SMALL QUANTITIES
2.OUTPUT ON THE BASIS OF
ANTICIPATION OF DEMAND
2.OUTPUT ACCORDING TO
ORDER RECEIVED

9.  DIFFERENCES ON THE BASIS OF
MAINTENANCE AND CONTROL
EMPLOYED
CONTINUOUS INTERMITTENT
1.ABSENCE OF MAINTENNCE
MAY INTERRUPT WHOLE
PROCESS
1.NO DANGER OF STOPPAGE
OF WHOLE LINE
2.CONTROLLING IS SIMPLER 2.CONTROLLING IS COMPLEX

10. TYPES OF CONTINUOUS
PRODUCTION SYSTEM
1.FLOW TYPE
 Output cannot be segregated into different
units
 High degree of uniformity
 Output cannot be measured directly
 Example-power plant

11. 2.MASS PRODUCTION
Straight line flow of materials
Output of one stge normally becomes
input for another
Output visible in form of identical units
Standardised output produced in large
quantities
PROBLEMS
1. Balancing of production lines
2. Machine maintenance
3. Raw materials supply
 Example – sugar production

12. Types of intermittent
production systems
1.BATCH PRODUCTION SYSTEM-
 Variety of products are made in small quantities
 Various products compete for share of machines
 Outputs are aggregated in form of batches
 Batches may comprise of similar or dissimilar
outputs
 PROBLEMS
1. Machine-job allocation problem
2. Determination of economic batch quantity
3. Scheduling and sequencing of operations
 Example – electrical goods

13. 2.JOB-ORDER PRODUCTION SYSTEM
 Does not has its own standard product
but accepts whatever customer orders
come in
 Output identifiable in terms of specific
job order
 Material flow is very complex
 PROBLEMS
1. Determination of the sequence of
processing
 Example – tailor shop

14. 3.PROJECT PRODUCTION SYSTEM
Project is a temporary endeavour
having a defined beginning and end
;undertaken to meet unique goals and
objectives
Project is non repetitive
This type of production system uses
resources on different projects
Product remains fixed and manpower
and facilities put work on it
PERT/CPM can be used for planning
and control in this case

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