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Principles of growth & development bijoy krishna panda
The document explains the principles of growth and development, highlighting that growth is a quantitative change leading to maturity, while development encompasses both qualitative and functional changes that continue throughout life. Principles include continuity from conception to death, cephalocaudal and proximodistal development, and the distinction between maturation and learning. Educational implications emphasize the necessity for continuous learning adapted to individual developmental rates and the importance of step-by-step presentation of concepts.
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Introduction to growth and development principles by Bijoy Krishna Panda, focusing on definitions.
Explains 'principle', 'growth' as quantitative increase, and 'development' as systematic change.
Discusses how growth is quantitative, while development is qualitative; growth leads to maturity and eventual development.
Outlines key principles: Continuity, Cephalocaudal, Proximodistal, Locomotion, Generality to Specificity, and personal growth.
Describes continuity from conception to death and how it leads to adulthood and old age.
Details head-to-toe development trend, indicating control from head to legs.
Describes growth from the center of the body outward, developing in sequence from spinal cord to extremities.
Lists stages of locomotion: creeping, crawling, standing, walking, running; similarities across species.
Describes how development proceeds from general to specific movements and understanding, like grasping techniques.
Explains maturation's role in biological development; readiness for new skills linked to brain development.
Highlights personal variations in growth rates caused by heredity and environment; uniqueness of each child.
Emphasizes the need for lifelong learning, continuous processes, and individualistic approaches in education.
Thank you note; signifies the end of the presentation.
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Principles of growth & development bijoy krishna panda
- 1. Growth & Development :Its Principles Bijoy Krishna Panda Department of Education, Jadavpur University
- 2. What is ‘Principle’? A fundamental, primary or general law or truth from which others are derived. What is ‘Growth’ ? Growth refers to an increase in some quantity over time. The quantity can be physical. What is ‘Development’ ? Development is systematic and orderly change, organisms experience as they live and either gain or loose abilities. Change is the inevitable law or phenomena of human being
- 3. Are Growth &Development two similar process? Growth is quantitative change, but development is both qualitative quantitative and functional change. Growth is initial matter where development comes afterward as a result of growth and maturity. So the sequence may be arranged like : Growth >> Maturity >> Development Growth only creates the ability in the individual but development helps in make use of that ability. Human body ceases to grow after attaining maximum maturity level, but development continues till the end of life.
- 4. Principles of Growth& Development Continuity Development is Cephalocaudle Development is Proximodistal Locomotion Generality to Specificity Depend on Maturation & Learning Growth is a personal matter
- 5. Continuity From conceptionto death (Womb to Tomb) Leads child to be an adult in respect of body size, functioning, behaviour. Adulthood changes to old age. Then comes the death which ends the life cycle.
- 6. Development is Cephalocaudal Describes the direction of growth and development Proceeds from head downward Control comes in this order : HEAD >> ARMS >> LEGS
- 7. Development is Proximodistal This also describes the direction of growth & development The direction is Centre to Outwards Spinal cord develops first, then the other parts of the body The sequence is like : ARMS >> HANDS >> FINGERS
- 8. Locomotion It isrelated to the movement of the body. Every species follows a similar pattern. Each one has to pass through the stages accordingly. This is like : CREEPING >> CRAWLING >> STANDING >> WALKING >> RUNNING
- 9. Generality to Specificity DEVELOPMENT PROCEEDS FROM GENERAL TO SPECIFIC. GROWTH OCCURS TO LARGE MUSCLE MOVEMENTS TO SMALLER MUSCLE MOVEMENTS. THIS RESEMBLES WITH THE WHOLE AND PART. WE FIRST SEE THE WHOLE THEN COMES THE PARTS. INFANT GRASPS THE OBJECT WITH HIS WHOLE HAND BEFORE USING THUMB OR FOREFINGER.
- 10. Depends on Maturation& Learning MATURATION STANDS FOR BIOLOGICAL GROWTH & DEVELOPMENT. THESE OCCURS IN SEQUENCE. PREPARES THE CHILD TO ACCEPT NEW SKILLS AND PROGRESS ON IT. LIKE, A SIX MONTH OLD CHILD CANNOT USE LANGUAGE AS THE INFANT’S BRAIN HAS NOT YET ATTAINED THAT MATURITY LABEL TO TALK.
- 11. Growth & Developmentare personal matter RATE AND AMOUNT OF GROWTH IS NOT SAME FOR ALL. THIS IS CAUSED BY BOTH HEREDITY AND ENVIRONMENT. THERE IS NO TWO INDIVIDUAL WHOSE DEVELOPMENT RATE IS SAME. THERE IS NO VALIDITY IN COMPARING ONE CHILD’S PROGRESS WITH OR AGAINST ANOTHER CHILD.
- 12. Educational Implications Theeducation process or the learning process should be continuous and life long Learners should be introduced to basic concepts preceding elaborated information. Subject matters should be presented in step by step. General ideas should be developed in the learners in order to make them think specifically. The knowledge of concrete objects will be helpful to draw abstract ideas. Law of readiness must be considered while framing subject topic and curriculum. Diversified learning strategies, course of study and developmental task should be provided to learners in order to keep pace with their individualistic developmental context.
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