The document discusses various types of commercial and on-premises laundries. It describes the key steps in planning an on-premises laundry including determining location, size, equipment needs, and layout. The document then outlines the laundry process from collecting soiled linen to finishing including washing, drying, ironing and folding. It also discusses dry cleaning processes and stain removal techniques.

1. -BY LOVELY SINGH
BATCH:- SY“C”
ROLL NO.:- 71
PADMASHREE Dr D Y Patil University
DHTS , Nerul Navi-Mumbai

2. The ‘Laundry’ can be defined as a place
where the washing & finishing of clothes are
carried out.

3. TYPES OF LAUNDRY

4. COMMERCIAL LAUNDRIES
 These are also known as off site laundry or contracted
laundries.
 These cater to hotel on a contract basis.
 Usually the soiled linen are laundered & delivered
back to the hotel within 24-48 hours.

5. ON-PREMISES LAUNDARIES
(OPL)
 These are also known as on-site laundry or in-house
laundry.
 It is the hotel’s own laundry situated on its premises.
 It may be run by the management or managed on a
contract.
 Services are faster (maximum of 8 hours), hence the
stocks are reduced.
 There is better control, better supervisor, and hence a
long life for linen.

6. PLANNING AN OPL
 Location
 Size
 Ventilation
 Equipment selection
 Labour
 Other cost

7. LAYOUT OF AN OPL
Chemical
room
WM 1 WM 2 D1 D2
Wor Calen sink
Soiled -
daring
linen area king
tabl machi
e ne Dry cleaning
machine
Laundry
manager Steam Flat bed
room iron iron
Shelves

8. LAUNDRY EQUIPMENTS
 Washing machine
 Washer-cum-extracting machine
 Dry cleaning tumbler/ drying machine
 Flat bed pressure
 Steam iron
 Calendaring machine
 linen trolleys
 Working table
 Hampers

10. LAUNDRY PROCESS

11. 1.PRE-WASHING
È The soiled linen are collected from all the departments of
the Hotel like F&B, Kitchen, Banquets, etc.
& The soiled linen are then transported to the laundry in two
ways, first is, the soiled linen are put in the trolley and are
then taken to the laundry via elevators and the second
way is that the soiled linen are dumped into the linen
chute which is directly connected to the laundry.
i The soiled linen are then sorted on three basis i.e. by the
type of fabric, color of the fabric, and degree of soiling.
c After sorting the soiled linen, the linen are weighed
according to the washing machine capacity and are put
into the washing machine for wash cycle.

12. 2.WASHING
The washing depends on 4 things which varies as per the
fabric:-
Fabric temperature Water level Time
Less soiled Low Less less
More soiled high more More

13. This is done by using hot and cold water, which are
usually recovered 7 recycled from earlier steps during
the last rinse in order to save water.

14. Hydro means water & extraction to remove. Extraction
removes at least 80% of the water from the linen used in
the rinsing process. It also reduces the drying time.

15. 5.FINISHING

17. WASH CYCLE

18. In this process, the washing machine automatically
sucks the high level of water in which the soiled linen
are added at medium temperature to reduce the soil
load for the upcoming suds flushes.

19. In this stage, the high alkaline product is added,
which may be followed by additional flushes.
The break cycle is usually carried out at a
medium temperature and low water level.

20. This is the actual wash cycle in which acid
part of the hoppers is sucked by the machine.
It takes place in hot water at low water level.

21. This rinse cycle removes soils and alkaline to help
the bleach work more effectively later. In this
process 50-60% water is removed from the linen.

22. In this stage, the washing machine sucks the
bleach automatically from the hoppers in the
hot water at a low water level. Bleach kills
bacteria, whitens fabrics and removes stains.

23. The washing machine sucks the high level of
water and remove detergent and soils from the
linen.

24. This high speed spin removes left over detergent and
soil from the linen, usually after the first rinse step. It
removes 70% of water from the linen. The washing
machine spins at 200 RPM.

25. Softener and sours are added to condition
fabric. This cycle is run at a medium
temperature and at low water level. Starches are
added to stiffen cotton fabrics. Sizing may also
replace the sour/softener step.

26. A high speed spin removes most of the
moisture from the linen. The length of the
spin depends on the fabric type, extractor
capacity, and extractor spend. Around 95% of
water is removed in this stage.

27. WASH CYCLE TABLE
Sr. Stage Water Temperature Time
No. Level
1 flush High Medium 1½-3 min
2 Breaks Low Medium 4-5 min
3 Suds Low High 3-8 min
4 Intermediate-Rinse Less Less 1-2 min
5 Bleach Less High 5-7 min
6 Rinse High Medium 2-8 min
7 Intermediate-Extraction Less Medium 5 min
8 Softener/Sizing Less Medium 2-8 min
9 Final Extraction - - 8 min

29. DRY CLEANING
 This is the cleaning of fabrics in substantially non-aqueous
liquid medium.
 Dry cleaning removes oils as well as many water soluble &
some insoluble materials with the help of detergents &
various other agents.
 It is done by using dry powder, liquid such as petrol,
benzene, & so on.
 Unlike laundry, dry cleaning does not cause swelling of the
fibers, & so does not lead to shrinkage , wrinkle, & bleeding
of color of the fabric and thus it is a safe method for
cleaning delicate textiles.
 It was earlier known as ‘French Cleaning’ or ‘Chemical
Cleaning’.

30. ADVANTAGES OF DRY
CLEANING
 Dry cleaning cleans clothes for which laundering is not
suitable.
 It causes no shrinkage to the fabric.
 It does not flatten the pile of fabrics such as velvet.
 Finishes such as moireing are retained even after dry-
cleaning.
 Colors do not bleed on dry-cleaning.
 Stains are more readily removed by dry-cleaning.

31. DISADVANTAGES OF DRY-
CLEANING
 Dry-cleaning is expansive as compare to the
laundering.
 Many dry-cleaning solvents are harmful to health if
inhaled for long duration.
 After cleaning with solvents, a certain unpleasant smell
tends to be retained by the articles.

32. PROCESS OF DRY-CLEANING

33. When soiled linen garments are delivered for dry-
cleaning, they are first sent to the marking areas. Here,
a piece of white fabric with a number or some other
code stamped on it with indelible marking ink is
securely attached to the garments. Every article is
marked individually to facilitate identification.

34. The garments then pass on to the sorting areas.it is
done on the basis of soil level,colour and in this case the
fabric/cloth pouches are checked for the valuables of
the guests.

35. Absorbents are applied to remove grease spots from all
kind of materials like french chalk,bran or flour etc/

36. Heavily soiled areas of the garments are treated with
solvents. Volatile dry solvents such as amyl acetate to
remove oil-borne stains, while non-volatile solvents are
used on paint and varnish stains.

37. A load of approximately 45kg is transferred to the dry-
cleaning cylinder. Very delicate cloths are placed in a
net bags first. An appropriate solvent is circulated
through the clothes.

38. Excess solvent is removed from the garments by
centrafugal action in a revolving perforated cylinder
contained in a tumbler.

39. After extraction, the garments are dried in a dryer that
has a perforated drum enclosed in a tumbler.The
temperature for the same should not exceed 70 degree
as otherwise it may catch fire.

40. Solvents are expensive and therefore filtered out,
distilled, and reused, they are not allowed to evaporate
after use. But used in recycled manner

41. Dried garments are inspected to check that they are
perfectly clean. If necessary, they are spot-cleaned a
second time.

42. In this process, the garments are restored as nearly as
possible to its original size, shape, feel, and
appearance.

43. Buttons and buckles that had been removed are
stitched back on. Finally the garments are packed in a
paper or suspended from clothes hangers covered with
polythene bags. They are now ready for delivery

44. DRY-CLEANING MATERIALS
1. Dry-cleaning detergents
2. Absorbents
3. Solvents
4. Petroleum solvents/Stoddard solvent
5. Halogenated hydrocarbons

46. A stain is a spot or localized discolouration
left on fabric by reaction of a foreign
substance or absorption or adsorption of any
unwanted colour,liquid etc

47. Stain removal or spot cleaning is a skill that demands
special attraction, special techniques, and long
experience.

48. TYPES OF STAINS
 Animal stains
 Vegetable stains
 Grease
 Mineral stains
 Metalloid stains
 Acidic stains
 Basic/alkaline stains
 Natural dyes & pigments
 Synthetic dyes &pigments
 Sugar solution with colouring matter
 miscellaneous

49. RECOGNISATION OF STAINS

50. PROCEDURE FOR STAIN
REMOVAL
 Soak in cold water
 Soak in warm water
 Allow it to get open air bleach.
 Apply cold alkaline solution.
 Apply hot alkaline solution
 Apply cold acidic solution.
 Apply an oxidizing bleach.
 Treat with reducing bleach.
 Repeat the procedure if stain is still there.
 Soak it in the glycerin for ½ an hour.

51. VALET SERVICE
 It is the service given by housekeeping to guests in
which the guest clothes are taken and returned back
from the room. It is chargeable service.

52. Guest
Laundry list
Valet/GRA
Marking/tagging
Examining & sorting Tailor
Wet cleaning Dry-cleaning Pressing
Sorting according to room numbers
Pressing
Valet/GRA
Bill sent to front office
Guest