Six Sigma is a set of techniques and tools for process improvement that was developed by Motorola in 1986. It aims to reduce defects and variability in processes by measuring defects per million opportunities. There are five phases in the Six Sigma methodology: Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, and Control. Various statistical tools and software can be used to analyze processes, determine root causes of defects, and ensure future process performance. Many major companies have implemented Six Sigma, claiming it has helped reduce costs and improve customer satisfaction.

1. PRESENTED BY
BECHAN KUMAR JHA (12)
(INDIRA SCHOOL OF BUSINESS STUDIES)

2. INTRODUCTION
SIX SIGMA IS SET OF TECHNIQUE ,AND TOOLS FOR PROCES
IMPROVEMENT.IT WAS DEVELOPED BY MOTOROLA IN 1986
 SIR BILL SMITH, “ THE FATHER OF SIX SIGMA” INTRODUCE THIS
QUALITY IMPROVEMENT METHODOLOGY TO MOTOROLA.
SIX SIGMA IS NOW AN ENORMOUS 'BRAND' IN THE WORLD
OF CORPORATE DEVELOPMENT.

3. Sir Bill smith

4. HISTORY
Since the 1920's the word “sigma”)has been used by
mathematicians and engineers as a symbol for a unit of
Measurement in product quality variation.
 In the mid-1980's engineers in Motorola in the USA used
“Six Sigma”(S) an informal name for an in-house
initiative for reducing defects in production processes,
because it represented a suitably high level of quality.

5. HISTORY ……
 In the late-1980's Motorola extended the Six
Sigma methods to its critical business processes,
and significantly Six Sigma became a formalized
in-house 'branded' name for a performance
improvement methodology, i.e, beyond purely
'defect reduction.‘
In 1991 Motorola certified its first 'Black Belt' Six
Sigma experts, which indicates the beginnings of
the formalization of the accredited training of Six
Sigma methods.

6. Six Sigma : An Overview
• Sigma is a statistical concept that represents the
amount of variation present in a process relative to
customer requirements or specifications.
• A statistical concept that measures a process in
terms of defects – at the six sigma level, there 3.4
defects per million opportunities
• Commonly denoted as 6σ, 6 Sigma, or 6s

7. Six Sigma methodologies
DefineD MeasureM AnalyzeA

8. Six Sigma Phases
Define
•Define the project goals and customer (internal
and external) deliverables
Measure
•Measure the process to determine current
performance
Analyze
•Analyze and determine the root cause(s) of the
defects

9. Six Sigma Phases
Improve
•Improve the process by
eliminating defects
Control
•Control future process
performance

10. Why DMAIC ?
• DMAIC is a methodology for root cause analysis
• DMAIC should be used when:
 there is a problem and the root cause is unknown
 the stakes are high and we need to be absolutely sure the
solution fixes the problem
 a problem exists, solutions have been tried, but the root
cause is still unknown

11. Six Sigma Objectives
overall Business Improvement
Remedy Defects/Variability
Reduce Costs
Improve Cycle Time
Increase Customer Satisfaction

12. Tools for Six Sigma
•Balanced Scorecard
•Stakeholder Analysis
•Force Field Analysis
•Cause & Effect Diagram
•Affinity Diagram
•SIPOC Diagram.
•Minitab:- Statistical and Process Management Software
for Six Sigma and Quality Improvement.

13. Software used for Six Sigma
• Arena
• ARIS Six Sigma
• Bonita Open Solution BPMN2 standard and
• KPIs for statistic monitoring
• JMP
• Mathematical
• MATLAB or GNU Octave
• Microsoft Visio
• STATA
• STATISTICA
•
• And Many more…..

14. The following companies claim to have successfully implemented
Six Sigma in some form or another
•3M
[1][dead link]
•Amazon.com
[2]
•BAE Systems
[3]
•Bank of America
[4][5]
•BD Medical
[6]
•Bechtel Corporation
[7]
•Boeing
[8]
•Caterpillar Inc.
[9]
•Computer Sciences Corporation
[10]
•Convergys
[11]
•Credit Suisse
[12]
•Damco
[13]
•Deere & Company
[14]
•Dell
[15]
•Denso
[16]
•Eastman Kodak Company
[17]
•Evonik Industries
[18]
•Ford Motor Company
[19]
•General Electric
[15]
•Inventec
[16]
•Maersk
•McKesson Corporation
[20]
•Motorola
[15]
•Mumbai's dabbawalas
[21]
•Northrop Grumman
[15]
•PolyOne Corporation
[22]
•Raytheon
[15][23]
•Sears
[24]
•Shop Direct Group
[25][dead link]
•Starwood Hotels & Resorts Worldwide
[26]
•Unipart
[27]
•United States Army
[28]
•United States Marine Corps
[29]
•The Vanguard Group
[30]
•Wipro
[31]

15. THANK YOU