This document discusses two types of pre-experimental design: one-shot case design and one group pre-test post-test design. The one-shot case design involves exposing a single experimental group to a treatment and observing the results with no control group. The one group pre-test post-test design selects an experimental group, takes a pre-test measurement, administers a treatment, then takes a post-test measurement to assess the treatment's effect with no control group. While simple and convenient, pre-experimental designs have high threats to internal validity and are weak for establishing causation between variables.

1. PRE EXPERIMENTAL
DESIGN
DR. MAHESWARI JAIKUMAR

2. CHARACTERISTICS
This design is considered as very
weak, as the researcher has very
little control over the experiment

3. TYPES
There are two types or pre experimental
design. They are as follows:
1. ONE SHOT CASE DESIGN.
2. ONE GROUP PRE TEST POST TEST
DESIGN.

4. ONE SHOT CASE DESIGN
• In this design, a single experimental group is
exposed to a treatment and observations
are made after the implementation of that
treatment.
• There is no random assignment of the
subjects to the experimental group.
• There is no control group.

5. ONE SHOT CASE DESIGN
EXP GROUP TREATMENT POST TEST

6. ONE GROUP PRE TEST-POST
TEST DESIGN
• Is the simplest type of pre experimental
design, where only the experimental
group is selected as the study subjects.
• A pre test observation of the dependent
variable is made prior to the
implementation of the treatment to the
selected group.

7. • Afterwards the treatment is
administered, and finally a post test
observation of dependent variable is
carried out to assess the effect or
treatment on the group.
• This design measures the effect of
intervention before (pre test) and after
the experiment (post test).
• There is no control group in this design.

8. GROUP PRE TEST – POST TEST
DESIGN
EXP GROUP TREATMENT POST TESTPRE TEST

9. ADVANTAGES
• Is a very simple & convenient
design that helps the researcher to
conduct studies in natural settings.
• It is most suitable for beginners

10. DIS ADVANTAGES
• Is considered very weak experimental design
to establish causal relationship between
independent & dependent variables because it
controls no threat to internal validity.
• It has a higher threat to internal validity of
research.
• May have selection bias, which is a very
serious threat.

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