The document provides technical details about the Burj Al Arab hotel in Dubai, including its construction process. Some key points: - Construction began in 1994 and was completed in 1999 on an artificial island 450 meters from shore. - Over 36,000 cubic meters of concrete and 9,000 tons of steel were used. It has 202 suites ranging from 170 to 780 square meters. - An intricate process was used to build the artificial island, including installing 230 piles 45 meters long to stabilize the structure. - Unique challenges included withstanding winds and potential earthquakes through its streamlined shape and vibration dampers.

1. “BURJ AL ARAB”
THE TOWER OF ARABS
PRESENTED BY
P.V.MANEKAR

2. TECHNICAL DETAILS
 Concrete on the island: 33,000 sq m
 Concrete in the superstructure: 36,000 sq m
 Total tonnage of steel: 9000 tones
 Gross area of building: 120,000 sq m
 Glass: 43,446 sq m
 Marbles: 24,000 sq m
 202 duplex suites
 Ranges from 170 sq m to 780 sq m
 Floor count: 18
 Elevator count 16

3. CONSTRUCTION
 Construction was began in 1994 and completed in october1999.
 Chief architect: Tom Wright
 Chief structural engineer: Anthony McCarter
 Contractor: Al Habtoor Engineering, Fletcher construction, Murray
& Roberts
 Steel contractor: Eversendai Engineering
 Owner: Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid al Maktoom
 Construction cost: $650 million

4. ARTIFICIAL ISLAND
 It took three years to reclaim the land from the sea, and less
than three years to construct the building.
 As there is only sand to hold the building up the column rely
on friction.
 Distance of shore to the outer point of island: 450m
 Size of island: 150m per side
 Sea depth: 7.5m
 No. of piles: 230
 Size of piles: 1.5m
 Length of piles: 45m

5.  Temporary tube piles driven into sea bed
 Temporary sheet piles and tie rods driven into sea bed to support
boundary rocks (see figure 1)
 Permanent boundary rock bunds deposited either side of sheet
piles
 Hydraulic fill layers deposited between bunds to displace sea
water and form island (see figure 2 with fill layers partially
complete)

6.  Permanent concrete armour units placed around island to
protect it from the waves
 2m diameter 43m deep piles driven through island and sea bed
below to stabilize structure (see figure 3)
 Island interior excavated and temporary sheet pile coffer dam
inserted
 2m thick concrete plug slab laid at base of island
 Reinforced concrete retaining wall built
 Basement floors created (see figure 4)

7. CONCRETE ARMOUR UNITS

8. ATRIUM WALL
 Constructed from 2 skins of Teflon
coated fiber glass separated by air
gap of 500mm.
 The largest Teflon coated fiber
fabric wall is used to cover the
atrium.
 This is first time such technology
has been used vertically.
 It resembles a huge sail.
 The tallest 182m atrium in the
world.

9. EXOSKELETON LEG ERECTION
 Made of two build up H section 1.8 x 4.5m deep plate girders.
 Creates a gentle curve concurrence with building edge
developing the shape of a sail.
 Alignment was carried out using total station located at three
different fixed locations.

10. BRACE FRAME
 ‘X’ Shape rear bracings are cross
bracings of fabricated box sections.
 Boxes are 2.2m x 1.4m and made
from 25mm to 40 mm thick plates.
 They tie two cores of the building to
give stability to the structure.
 The length of one brace was around
60m in one direction.

11. TRUSSES
 Hugh tubular triangular truss.
 Vary from 76m to 90m and
weight 160 to 180 tons.
 There are six trusses to resists
lateral loads and reduce
moment & deflection.

12.  Connects with 300mm diameter pin to the core wall and rear leg.
 To solve the problem of expansion and contraction which can
change 5cm in a day, special steering linkage rod was designed.
TRUSSES

13. HORIZONTALS
 Weight is 200 tons connects the core wall to exoskeleton rear leg.
 Assembled in one piece in assembly yard near the site.
 Erected by strand jacking method similar to diagonals

14. HELIPAD STRUCTURE

15.  This structure is at 212m level front side of building, weights about
330 tons.
 Two props of 1m diameter circular steel pipes forming an inverted
V shape.
 Tapered at 30º to the vertical and tied back to center core by 40m
long spine truss weighing 120 tons.

16. SKY RESTAURENT STRUCTURE

17.  Most complex and potentially dangerous structure.
 It is located 200m above the persian gulf.
 It is built on 30m long 8 box girder cantilevers from the main core
wall radiates as support and are not visible.
 Floor size of 70mx25m.
 Entire structure is enclosed in aluminuim and glass.

18. MAST
 This is 104 meter long.
 Oval shape of 2.5m x 5m and gradually
decreases to 2.5 x 2m at top.
 Segments has inside arrangements
of permanent ladders and interval
platforms to facilitate access.
 Manholes at periodic intervals through
which workers have access.

19. WIND EFFECTS
 Vibration may cause due to vortex shedding.
 11 invisible hanging weight called the tune mass dampers at
vulnerable points inside the exoskeleton.
 The shape of burj Al Arab lowers wind forces more effectively
because of the streamlined V and curved fabric atrium wall.

20. WIND EFFECTS

21. SEISMIC IMPACT
 Dubai is not in earthquake resisting zone.
 However, burj al arab is design to resist
earthquake of MM VII intensity.
 Tune mass dampers also helps to resist the
effect of earthquake.
 Seismic zone factor of 0.20g is considered
for the detailed design phase.

22. CONCLUSION
 Burj Al Arab, is currently recognized as one of spectacular
structure in the history of structural engineering.
 Problems like high concentration of chloride in the air and
extreme temperature, wind effect and potential seismic events
have to be taken into account in the detailed design phase.
 The Burj Al Arab hotel project, which is uniquely complex yet
rewarding, marks the advancement in structural engineering
technology.

23. THANK YOU !