The potential yield from India's EEZ was estimated in 2000 to be 3.93 million tonnes annually, including resources not included in a previous 1991 estimate. The bulk of the additional harvestable yield is expected from demersal shelf resources like perches and squids, as well as tunas from the EEZ, which could be tapped using techniques like hooks and lines, jigging, and purse seining. However, most commercially important resources have either exceeded or are near their potential yields, indicating little scope for further enhanced production from traditional grounds.
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF MARINE FISHERIES IN INDIAmegha gupta
It describes the importance, status, threats, issues and solutions for sustainable development of fisheries in India. Management , development of infrastructure and other methods are detailed
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF MARINE FISHERIES IN INDIAmegha gupta
It describes the importance, status, threats, issues and solutions for sustainable development of fisheries in India. Management , development of infrastructure and other methods are detailed
China Fishery, one of the leading organizations that promote sustainable fishing. It utilizes state-of-art technology in fishing that helps in exploiting ocean resources in such a manner that satisfy the needs of the customers presently and also saves for the future generations. This helps in protecting the seafood resources.
NFDB, MPEDA, NABARD, FFDA,Financial supporting for the Development of Fisheries dependent livelihood and enhancement of selfish sufficient fish food production for increasing food security, fish food for health life.
This presentation gives a quick account of the activities of the Fisheries department in inland fisheries and aquaculture in Tamil Nadu. It also talks about the development of fish culture in community ponds& tanks and the need for reforms in community tank management.
Fisheries provides food security to the majority of the countries population in terms of protein and essential minerals and Vitamins as rice and fish constitute the stable diet of most Cambodians.
Fishery -all the activities connected with the securing of animal and vegetable products from the earth waters.
Fishery products include such items as fish, clams, oysters, lobsters, eels, shrimps, turtles, seals, and whales. Pearl sponges, coral shells, and seaweeds are also included among the products derived from the sea. Fish provides the protein which is needed in the human diet. Fisheries are perhaps the most poorly managed of all the natural resources. The unscientific assumption that man can never exhaust the resources of the sea has placed upon nature the entire responsibility for renewal and replenishment.
Present status of FIsheries sector and Potential for sustainable Aquaculture ...B. BHASKAR
Indian marine and Inland Fisheries resources, and their production potential, fishermen livelihoods, seed production,Inland and marine fish production since 1980' to 2021-22 and State wise per capita consumption, exports, fisheries contribution in GDP, achivements status of PMMSY and potential for mari culture and brackish water fish farming.
China Fishery, one of the leading organizations that promote sustainable fishing. It utilizes state-of-art technology in fishing that helps in exploiting ocean resources in such a manner that satisfy the needs of the customers presently and also saves for the future generations. This helps in protecting the seafood resources.
NFDB, MPEDA, NABARD, FFDA,Financial supporting for the Development of Fisheries dependent livelihood and enhancement of selfish sufficient fish food production for increasing food security, fish food for health life.
This presentation gives a quick account of the activities of the Fisheries department in inland fisheries and aquaculture in Tamil Nadu. It also talks about the development of fish culture in community ponds& tanks and the need for reforms in community tank management.
Fisheries provides food security to the majority of the countries population in terms of protein and essential minerals and Vitamins as rice and fish constitute the stable diet of most Cambodians.
Fishery -all the activities connected with the securing of animal and vegetable products from the earth waters.
Fishery products include such items as fish, clams, oysters, lobsters, eels, shrimps, turtles, seals, and whales. Pearl sponges, coral shells, and seaweeds are also included among the products derived from the sea. Fish provides the protein which is needed in the human diet. Fisheries are perhaps the most poorly managed of all the natural resources. The unscientific assumption that man can never exhaust the resources of the sea has placed upon nature the entire responsibility for renewal and replenishment.
Present status of FIsheries sector and Potential for sustainable Aquaculture ...B. BHASKAR
Indian marine and Inland Fisheries resources, and their production potential, fishermen livelihoods, seed production,Inland and marine fish production since 1980' to 2021-22 and State wise per capita consumption, exports, fisheries contribution in GDP, achivements status of PMMSY and potential for mari culture and brackish water fish farming.
INDIGENOUS FISH FEED MANUFACTURING PLANTjaisingh277
ANALYSIS OF NEEDS FOR FEED MANUFACTURING
General
Aqua – based food demand is increasing @ 0.6 % per
annum
Fish eating population in India is about 56 %
Per capita / annum consumption of fish in India is 3.5 Kg
against 86 Kg in Japan
Inland fishery in India has increased 14- fold
Feed cost is 50 – 70 % of the production cost
Shrimp /Prawn feed is imported at high cost .
Physical form and chemical composition of feed varies
with species, growth stage and production environment
REGIONAL WORKSHOP ON FISHERIES AND MARINE GENETIC RESOURCES AND THEIR AMELIOR...apaari
REGIONAL WORKSHOP ON FISHERIES AND MARINE GENETIC RESOURCES AND THEIR AMELIORATION COUNTRY STATUS REPORT – INDIA BY Kuldeep K. Lal & J K Jena Presented during the Regional Workshop on Underutilized Fish and Marine Genetic Resources and their Amelioration, 10-12 July 2019, Location: Colombo, Sri Lanka
Prospects and problems in marine Ornamental Aquaculture IndiaSachin Sahu
very lack of data of Marine ornamental fish sector. it will help for fisheries student to know about Prospects and problems in marine Ornamental Aquaculture India.
Mud crabs, also known as mangrove crabs, occur widely in estuaries and along tropical, subtropical and warm temperate coasts in the world. There are four species of mud crab (Family: Portunidae), Scylla serrata, S. tranquebarica, S. paramamosain and S. olivacea that are the focus of both commercial fisheries and aquaculture production throughout their distribution. They are among the most valuable crab species in the world, with the bulk of their commercial production sent live to market.
The principle of integrated fish farming involves farming of fish along with livestock or/and agricultural crops.. This type of farming offers great efficiency in resource utilization, as waste or by product from one system is
effectively recycled. It also enables effective utilization of available farming space for maximizing production.
•The rising cost of protein-rich fish food and chemical fertilizers
as well as the general concern for energy conservation have created awareness in the utilization of rice and other crop fields and livestock wastes for fish culture. Fish culture in combination with agriculture or livestock is a unique and lucrative venture and provides a higher farm income, makes available a cheap source of protein for the
rural population, increases productivity on small land-holdings
and increases the supply of feeds for the farm livestock.
Scope of Integrated Fish Farming
The scope of integrated farming is considerably
wide. Ducks and geese are raised in pond, and pond- dykes are used for horticultural and agricultural
crop products and animal rearing.
The system provides meat, milk, eggs, fruits,
vegetables, mushroom, fodder and grains, in
addition to fish.
Hence this system provides better production, provides more employment, and improves socio- economic status of farmers and betterment of rural economy.
Classification of Integrated Fish Farming
Integrated fish farming can be broadly classified into two, namely Agriculture-fish and Livestock-fish systems
Agriculture-fish systems- Agri-based systems include rice-fish integration,
horticulture-fish system, mushroom- fish system, seri-fish system.
Livestock-fish systems- Livestock-fish system includes cattle-fish system, system, pig-fish system, poultry-fish system, duck-fish system, goat-fish system, rabbit-fish system.
Integrated fish farming systems refer to the production, integrated management and comprehensive use of aquaculture, agriculture and livestock, with an emphasis on aquaculture. Asia has a long and rich history of integrated fish farming. Written records from the first and second centuries B.C. documented the integration of aquatic plant cultivation and fish farming. From the ninth century, records showed fish farming in the paddy field. From the fourteenth to sixteenth centuries, there were records of rotation of fish and grass culture; and by the 1620s, the mulberry-dike fishpond, the integration of fish and livestock farming and complex systems of multiple enterprises integrated with fish farming were developed. Integrated fish farming is the methods by which fish is cultured along with paddy, piggery, poultry or any livestock, or flower culture.
Fish Hatchery Management for Maintaining the Genetic Quality
Artificial propagation of fish species in hatcheries has been conducted on a large scale for several decades
In recent years, conservation hatcheries aims not only to produce fish for supplementing wild populations but also to preserve the genetic diversity and integrity of threatened or endangered species
Important considerations are maximizing genetic diversity and effective
population size while minimizing inbreeding and adaptation to captivity
Objective
To maintain the genetic diversity, effective population size and to minimize inbreeding
Groupers belongs to the family Serranidae.
⚫ Groupers are classified in 14 genera of the subfamily Epinephelinae, which comprises at least half the approximately 449 species in the family Serranidae.
⚫ Several grouper species have been raised on a commercial scale, but mostly by growing out captured wild juveniles.
cage-culture
Culture of fishes in meshed boxes placed in water is called cage culture.
It is an intensive method of aquaculture.
Cage culture is practiced in areas where there is sufficient water movement.
It is done in river, lakes, estuaries & seas.
Wetlands are... areas where a water table is at, near, or just above the surface
and where soils are water-saturated for a sufficient length of time such that excess
water and resulting low soil oxygen levels are principal determinants of vegetation
and soil development. wetlands will have a relative abundance of obligate
hydrophytes in the vegetation community and soils featuring “hydric” characteristics.
• Fish needs some extra feed
along
with
available
natural feeds in water for
their regular growth.
• This extra feed which are
provided to fish is called
supplementary feed of fish.
Rice bran
•Refined pulse and wheat roughage
•Mustard or sesame cake
•Fish-meal (fish powder)
•Blood and innards of bird or animal
•Green leaves of various vegetables
•Minerals and vitamins
•Kitchen leftovers, etc.
The term 'Biofertilizer' itself means 'Live
Fertilizer'.
contain live or latent beneficial microbes
which help to fix atmospheric nitrogen,
solubilize
and
mobilize
phosphorus,
translocate minor elements (Zinc, Copper,
etc.,) to the plants, produce plant growth
promoting hormones, vitamins, amino acids
and control plant pathogenic fungi
Management of ornamental fish farm.
Pond fish keeping
Pond Construction
Sitting a pond
Site of a pond
Equipment
Stockings of pond with fish
Invertebrates and amphibians
Pond maintenance feeding
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
How to Split Bills in the Odoo 17 POS ModuleCeline George
Bills have a main role in point of sale procedure. It will help to track sales, handling payments and giving receipts to customers. Bill splitting also has an important role in POS. For example, If some friends come together for dinner and if they want to divide the bill then it is possible by POS bill splitting. This slide will show how to split bills in odoo 17 POS.
The Art Pastor's Guide to Sabbath | Steve ThomasonSteve Thomason
What is the purpose of the Sabbath Law in the Torah. It is interesting to compare how the context of the law shifts from Exodus to Deuteronomy. Who gets to rest, and why?
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
Students, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptxEduSkills OECD
Andreas Schleicher presents at the OECD webinar ‘Digital devices in schools: detrimental distraction or secret to success?’ on 27 May 2024. The presentation was based on findings from PISA 2022 results and the webinar helped launch the PISA in Focus ‘Managing screen time: How to protect and equip students against distraction’ https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/managing-screen-time_7c225af4-en and the OECD Education Policy Perspective ‘Students, digital devices and success’ can be found here - https://oe.cd/il/5yV
How to Create Map Views in the Odoo 17 ERPCeline George
The map views are useful for providing a geographical representation of data. They allow users to visualize and analyze the data in a more intuitive manner.
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
1. NANAJI DESHMUKH VETERINARY SCIENCE
UNIVERSITY JABALPUR
College of fishery science Jabalpur
SUB – MARINE FISHERIES
TOPIC-Potential Yield from Indian EEZ
2. Potential Yield from Indian EEZ
The Working Group constituted in the year 2000 by the Government of India for
revalidating the potential of marine fishery resources of the country’s Exclusive
Economic Zone estimated the potential yield as 3.93 million tonnes obtainable
annually from the EEZ including 2.05 lakh tonnes of bivalves and gastropods and 1.01
lakh tonnes of deep-sea finfish and crustacean resources not indicated in the earlier
revalidation done in the year 1991. The Working Group has observed that the bulk of
additional harvestable yield is expected from the demersal resources from the shelf
area such as large species of perches, deepsea and oceanic squids and the tunas
and allied species from the EEZ. These resources could be effectively tapped
employing fishing techniques such as traps and
hooks and lines for perch resources abounding in the rocky and uneven stretches of the
shelf and slope, jigging for variety of squids available on the shelf and oceanic regions.
For tapping the oceanic tuna and allied resources in the EEZ and contiguous high seas
the Working Group suggested employing tuna purse seining and tuna long line
techniques.
With vast resources in terms of 8,129 km long cost line, 0.53 km2 of continental self and 2.02
million km2 of exclusive economical zone , the marine fishery in India has been playing a pivotal
role in meeting the demand of fish over the years.
3. The estimated potential yields, current production and the historical
maximum landings of the commercially important species/groups of
different resource assemblages are given in the Tables 1-4 and
depicted in Figs. 1-4. It is observed that most of the resources have
either exceeded the potential yields or are currently very near to
reaching their potential yields. This indicates that there is little
scope of obtaining enhanced production from the traditional
exploited resources from the currently exploited grounds. For the
resources that are below their historical peaks or potential yields it
might be possible to regain those levels by reducing the fishing
effort, or improving the yield per recruit. This can be achieved by
increasing significantly the age at first capture, prohibiting the
exploitation of juveniles, increasing mesh sizes and closure of
fishery in certain identified hot spots.
5. Estimates of potential yield, current yield and maximum landings of commercially important
demersal resources
Resources Potela yield
(000 tones)
(2000)
Current yield
(000 tones)
(2001)
Maximum landing
(000 tonnes)
Elasmobranchs
Sharks
Skates
Rays
71
45
4
23
35
2
20
48 (2000)
4 (1983)
27 (1997)
Eels 9 8 13 (1997)
Catfishes 51 50 68 (1982)
Red snapper 11 4 6 (1999)
Threadfin breams 128 114 117 (2000)
Pig face bream 9 13 14 (1997)
Other perches 63 46 57 (2000)
6. Management implications
Issues in marine fisheries management in India are:
(1) declining trend in catch and catch rates of commercially exploited stocks.
(2) excess fleet size in terms of numbers.
(3) over capitalization and unwarranted ‘capacity over load’.
(4) ecosystem degradation affecting the productivity and the carrying capacity.
The Working Group on revalidation noting with concern substantial reduction in the traditional
commercially exploited resources and increased effort in the intensively exploited fishing grounds
made certain recommendations for rationalizing the fishing effort to obtain sustainable yields and
suggested options to exploit the full potential yield that could be harvested from the Indian EEZ.
7. There is urgent need to formulate national and state level regulations in marine fisheries in
conformity with the objectives of the Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries and other relevant
global conventions and regulations, within the ambit of the prevailing socio-political and economic
objectives. Diversification of fishing effort to exploit the ground fish resources of the rocky
continental shelf edge; finfishes, crustaceans and cephalopods from the upper continental shelf;
squids in the shelf and oceanic region requires serious attention. Further, it is essential to develop a
national capability for distant water fishing including purse-seining and long lining for tunas in the
Indian EEZ and contiguous seas. Strict enforcement, and compliance to mesh size regulations and
gear regulations for all categories of fishing should made mandatory. Participatory approach
involving the stake holders in the matters relating to fisheries resource management and
conservation needs to be encouraged, and motorisation programme has to be made total for the
traditional sector.
Marine fisheries of India beset with problems of over capitalization, over capacity and reduced
catch rates is at cross roads seeking proper direction and guidance. In the context of
globalisation, challenges of global competition in trade and economics there is urgent need for
policy interventions both at the respective state level and the national level to meet the
increasing internal and external demand of protein for the millions and to ensure better
livelihood for the beleaguered fisherfolk.