1. The document summarizes several plant-derived insecticides, including neem (Azadirachta indica), rotenone, nicotine, pyrethrins, ryania, sabadilla, limonene, linanool, and garlic oil. 2. Neem contains azadirachtin and other compounds that have insecticidal properties like antifeedant action, inhibiting insect growth, and deterring egg-laying. It is commonly used in neem seed kernel extract products. 3. Rotenone is derived from plants like Derris elliptica and is a contact poison that causes paralysis and death in insects by disrupting oxygen consumption.

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PRESANTATION
ON
“ Insecticides of plant origin“ Insecticides of plant origin ””
DEPARTMENT OF ENTEMOLOGY
KRISHI MAHA VIDYALAYA, TIKAMGARH, (M. P.)
PRESENTED BY- KAPIL MEENA Roll No. 5764

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PLANT ORIGIN COMPOUND NAME OF PLANT
Azadirachta indica Neem
Rotenone Derris eliptica
Sabadilla Seed of tropical lily
Ryanodine Ryania speciosa
Nicotene Tobacco plants
Pyrethrum Flowers of chrysantheum
Limonene and Linanool Citrus peel extracts
Diallyl disulphide Garlic oil

4. Neem Tree – (Azadirachta indica) – Kernels of the
neem tree posses extra ordinary gustatory repellant
properties which are attributed to the active
ingredients nimbidin-T, meliantriol and azadirachtin.
The main a.i. azadirachtin is present in seeds and
leaves and varies from 2-4 mg/g kernel.
Neem is known for various insecticidal properties
e.g. antifeedant action, insect growth regulator,
oviposition deterrent, repellent action.
The commercial neem insecticides available in
market are based on neem seed kernel extract
(NSKE).
Neem based products are sensetive to uv light i.e.it
degrades when exposed to sunlight. 4

5. Rotenoids/Rotenone- source: Roots of leguminous
plants Lonchocarpus spp. (south american plant)
and derris eliptica (Malaysia). Insects poisoned with
rotenone show a steady decline in oxygen
consumption followed by paralysis and death. It is
well known contact fish poison. It is use as dust
containing 0.75-1.5% rotenone and effective against
beetle and caterpillars.
Nicotinoid/Nicotene – It,s main source in tobacco.
Nicotene shares 0.5-5.5% and 3.5-8.0% in the
leaves of Nicotiana tabacum and N.rustica
respectively.
the insecticidal property of Nicotene alkaloid
present in tobacco leaves. 5

6. Nicotene is a contact and nerve poison which affects
especially soft bodies insects. It,s main effect is on
aphids.
It is marketed in the name of Nicotene sulphate.
Pyrethroids/Pyrethrins/Pyrethrum – Source:
White flowers of Chrysanthemum cinerariefolium
(Guldaodi).
Pyrethrins in which 0.7% to 3% chryasanthemic and
pyrethric acids.
Pyrethrins are powerful contact insecticides which
rapidly paralysed the housefly. This characteristic
action is known as “knock down” effect.
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7. Raynia/Ryanodine - It is an alkaloid derived from
ground roots and woody stems of south American
shrub. Ryania spaciosa.
It is stomach and contact poison and effective
against Lepidopterous pests.
It is used as dust (20-40%)
Sabadilla : It is an alkaloid derived from seeds of
tropical lily Schoenocaulon officinale found in South
and Central America.
The alkaloids mainly cevadine and verartidine are
contact poison and used for the control of
houseflies and domestic insects.
It is harmful to pollinators honeybees.

8. • Limonene and linanool are citrus peel extracts which
cause insect paralysis.
Used to control aphids, mites and flies.
Garlic oil due to presence of diallyl disulfide and
diallyl trisulfide shows larvicidal property and it fatal
to larvae of mosquito.
Root of the crucifers Brassica nigra and Sinapsis
alba inhibit emergence of the golden cyst nematode
of potato (Globodera rostochiens) due to presence
of isothiocyanates.
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