This document discusses insect antifeedants and repellents, including their modes of action, groups, and uses. It defines antifeedants as chemicals that inhibit feeding without impairing appetite or gustatory receptors, while repellents induce avoiding movements away from their source. It describes several classes of antifeedants including triazenes, organotins, carbamates, botanicals, and miscellaneous compounds. It also covers types of attractants such as pheromones, food lures, oviposition lures, and poison baits. The document concludes by describing physical, chemical, and plant-derived repellents as well as examples of each.

1. Insect antifeedants and repellents – mode of
action, groups and uses.
AEN 202
Management of beneficial and harmful insects (2+1)
- presented by
M.SONALIKA
2019018095

2. • Antifeedants are chemicals that inhibit feeding in insects when applied
on the foliage (food) without impairing their appetite and gustatory
receptors or driving (repelling) them away from the food.
• They are also called gustatory repellents, feeding deterrents
and rejectants. Since do not feed on trated surface they die due to
starvation.
ANTIFEEDANTS

3. 1. Triazenes - eg : acetanilide
2. Organotins: They are compounds containing tin. Eg : Triphenyl tin acetate
3. Carbamates: Eg : Baygon is a systemic antifeedants against cotton boll
weevil.
4. Botanicals: Antifeedants from non-host plants of the pest can be used for their
control The following antifeedants are produced from plants.
a) Pyrethrum
b) Neem
c) Apple factor
d) Solanum alkaloids
5. Miscellaneous compounds: Compounds like copper stearate, copper resinate,
mercuric chloride and Phosphon are good antifeedants.
Groups of antifeedants

4. Advantages:
• Affect plant feeders, but
safe to natural enemies
• Pest not immediately killed,
so natural enemies can feed
on them
• No phytotoxicity or
pollution
Disadvantages :
• Only chewing insects killed
and not sucking insects
• Not effective as sole
control measure, can be
included in IPM

5. Chemicals that cause insects to make oriented movements towards their
source are called insect attractants. They influence both gustatory (taste) and
olfactory (smell) receptors.
Types of Attractants:
1. Pheromones: Pheromones are chemicals secreted into the external
environment by an animal which elicit a specific reaction in a receiving
individual of the same species.
2. Food lures : Chemical present in plants that attract insect for feeding.
They stimulate olfactory receptors.
INSECT ATTRACTANTS

6. 3. Oviposition lures:
These are chemicals that govern the selection of suitable
sites for oviposition by insects.
For example extracts of corn attracts Helicoverpa armigera
for egg laying on any treated surface.
4. POISON BAITS :
It is a mixture of food lures and insecticides. The
effort is made to make the bait more attractive to insects than
their natural food.
Also given to non insect pests like rodents and rats.
Broadcast on a floor or spray to kill the inect.

7. Chemicals that induce avoiding (oriented) movements in insects away from
their source are called repellents. They prevent insect damage to plants or
animals by rendering them unattractive, unpalatable or offensive.
2. Chemical repellents:
a) Repellents of Plant origin: oils
from Citronella, Camphor and
cedarwood and lemon grass
b) Synthetic repellents:dimethyl
phthalate ,naphthaene ,bordeaux
mixture and smoke
1. Physical repellents : Produce repellence by
physical means
a) Contact stimuli repellents: wax or oil
b) Auditory repellents: Amplified sound
c) Barrier repellents: Tar bands on trees and
mosquito nets
d) Visual repellents: Yellow light
e) Feeding repellents: Antifeedants are feeding
repellents. They inhibit feeding.
INSECT REPELLENTS (BUG SPRAY)
Types of repellents

8. Reference
1. Kubo, I., & Nakanishi, K. (1977). Insect antifeedants and repellents from
African plants.
2. Klocke, J. A., Balandrin, M. F., Barnby, M. A., & Yamasaki, R. B. (1989).
Limonoids, phenolics, and furanocoumarins as insect antifeedants,
repellents, and growth inhibitory compounds.
3. Nakanishi, K. (1980). Insect antifeedants from plants. In Insect biology in
the future (pp. 603-611). Academic Press.
4.Isman, M. B., & Miresmailli, S. (2011). Plant essential oils as repellents and
deterrents to agricultural pests. In Recent developments in invertebrate
repellents (pp. 67-77). American Chemical Society.

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