Protists are a diverse group of eukaryotic organisms that include algae, protozoa, and other microbes. Algae range in size from microscopic to 50 meters long, and can be unicellular or multicellular. They have chloroplasts for photosynthesis and store food in structures like pyrenoids. Algae reproduce asexually through cell division or fragmentation, and sexually through processes like isogamy, anisogamy, and oogamy. Major groups of algae include the Euglenoids, Chrysophytes, Dinophytes, Chlorophytes, Phaeophytes, and Rhodophytes. Protists play important ecological, economic, and pathogenic roles in ecosystems

1. Plant like Protist (algae)
and
Advantages of Protista

2. Characteristic of Alga
● Sizes
- Microscopic (25μm), Ex: Navicula.
- Macroscopic (50m), Ex: Macrocystis.
Navicula Macrocystis

3. ● Shape of body
a. Uniselluler
- Solitter (Ex: Chlorella don’t have flagel).
- Coloni (Ex: Gonium, Volvox, Hydrodictyon).
Chorella Volvox

4. b. Multiseluler
Ex: Spirogyra, Oedogonium, dan Ulva.
Spirogyra Ulva

5. ● Body structure and function
- Has membrane nucleus (eucarotic)
- Cell have chloroplas (in cell contain pigment to
absorp light for photosyntesis
- Main pigment: clorophyll
add pigment: karoten (xantofil and fikobilin) and
fikobilin (fikosianin/fikoritrin)
- Has pirenoid, for reserve food place

6. ● Habitat and the way life
- Fotoautotrof
useful as produsen for heterotrof organism, in
supplying food and oxigen
- Free life in damp habitat/water, ex: swamp, river,
soil, stone, or tree

7. ● Reproduction
a. Axesual (vegetatif)
- Division cell (only in uniseluler algae)
- Fragmentation (in multiseluler algae
filamen/thallus shape)
- Zoospora (uni and multiseluler)
b. Seksual (generatif)
- Isogami
- Oogami

8. Klasifikasi Alga
● Euglenoid (Euglenophyta)
- Uniseluler, cell pakaged by pelikel (kind of protein)
- Procariot
- Has stigma contain fotoreseptor
- Has two flagellum
- Habitat: water
- Food reseve: paramilon

9. - Reproduksi: axesual (biner division)
- Ex: Euglena.
Euglena

10. ● Gold Algae (Chrysophyta)
- Uniseluler soliter and multiseluler
- Compose cell wall: hemiselulosa, silika, and
pektin
- Pigmen: karoten (santofil)
add pigmen : fukosantin, chlorophyl a and c.
- Reseve food: lipid and charbohidrate
- Habitat: water and sea

11. - Reproduksi: a. axesual (biner division,
spora shape)
b. sexual ( joint two kids of gammet)
- Ex: Navicula, Synura, and Mischococcus.
Synura

12. ● Fire Algae (Dinoflagellata / phyrrophyta)
- Uniseluler fotosintetic
- Cell wall contain cellulose
- Pigment: chlorophyl a and c, xantofil, dinosantin,
and fikobilin.
- Have 2 flagellum
- Main producen sea fitoplankton
- Habitat: sea

13. - Reproduction: asexual (biner division)
- Ex: Gonyaulax, Noctiluca scintillans.
Gonyaulax Noctiluca scintillans

14. ● Green Algae (Chlorophyta)
- Uniseluler and multiseluler
- Cell wall compose from cellulose
- Pigmen: klorofil (klorofil a and b)
add pigment: karoten
- Reseve of food: amilum
- Habitat: water

15. - Reproduction: a. asexual (spora shape, fragmentation,
and self division)
b. sexual (isogami, anisogami,
oogami)
- Ex: Volvox, Gonium, and Chlamydomonas.
Chlamydomonas

16. ● Brown Algae (Phaeophyta)
- Multiseluler, like thread or thallus
- Pigment: karoten (fukosantin)
add pigment: chlorophyl a dan b, xantofil
- Cell wall contain pektin and algin
- Food of reseve: laminarin
- Habitat: sea

17. - Reproduksi: a. axesual (Fragmentation and
zoospora)
b. sexual ( isogami, unisogami, and
oogami)
Ex: Sargassum, Macrocystis, Turbinaria.
Sargassum Turbinaria

18. ● Red Algae (Rhodophyta)
- Pigmen: fikoeritrin
add pigment: chlorophyll a and d, karoten,
fikosianin
- Multiseluler
- Cell wall contain pektin and cellulose
- Reseve of food: florid flour
- Habitat: in deep sea

19. - Reproduction: a. axesual (spora)
b. sexsual (oogami)
- Ex: Eucheuma spinosum.
Eucheuma spinosum

20. Peranan Protista
 Economic
- Foraminifera: its scheleton as clue to find resource of
oil, gasses, and mineral
- Radiolaria: its scheleton can used for tool brush
- Chlorella: for food material.
- Laminaria lavaniea (G. cokelat): farm dan manure
and cattle food
- Laminaria digitalis: yodium producen.

21. - Diatom (brown algae): residue of scheleton used to
explotion material, isolation make material, material
of paint and pernis.
- Macrocystis and Laminaria: producen alginat acid
for thick of make ice, cosmetic, textile, pill/tablets.
- Eucheuma spinosum dan gelidium: maked material
seaweed for mix make cookist.
- Ulva, Caulerpa, dan Enteromorpha: as source of
food like vegetables.

22. Radiolaria Diatom
Caulerpa

23.  Echologist
- Trichonympha campanula : help digest in intesti ne
termite and cockroach.
- Red Algae (Rhodophyta): shape of precipitate kapur
either in sea or water.
- Gold Algae (Chrysophyta): main authorize plankton
(producen in sea environment).
- Green Algae (Chlorophyta): phytoplankton in sea
ecosystem.

24.  Disadvantages Protist
- Saprolegnia: parasite in organism aquatic
- Plasmopora viticola: white fungi in grape
- Phytophtora infentans: rotten disease in tomato and
potato caused by water fungi.
- Entamoeba histolytica: cause disentri disease.
- Trypanosoma brucei: cause sleep disease (inAfrika).
- Trypanosoma evansi: cause sleep disease in cattle
animals (cow, goat, and horse)

25. THANK YOU
FOR YOUR ATTENTION
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