This document discusses key aspects of prescriptions, including their components, types, and interpretation. A prescription contains information about the patient, medication, and directions. It is issued by a medical practitioner and provides instructions for a pharmacist to prepare and dispense a medication to a specific patient. Prescriptions can be written or electronic. They must be accurately interpreted and filled to ensure patients receive the correct medication as prescribed.
This presentation quotes various pharmaceuticals calculations with examples. The following aspects like percentage calculations, alcoholic dilutions, alligation method, proof spirits calculation, isotonicity adjustment.
This presentation quotes various pharmaceuticals calculations with examples. The following aspects like percentage calculations, alcoholic dilutions, alligation method, proof spirits calculation, isotonicity adjustment.
Definition of prescription, Types, Difference between them.
Analyzing some prescriptions and their errors, comparing them with an ideal one.
Methods we should take to minimize those errors.
Historical background and development of profession of pharmacyRohit Kumar Trivedi
History and development of pharmacy profession
Historical background and development of profession of pharmacy
#rohitkumrtrivedi
B Pharma 1st semester pharmaceutics
Chapter 3_Prescription and prescription handling.pptxVinayGaikwad14
Definition, parts of prescriptions, legality of prescriptions, prescription handling, labeling of
dispensed medications (Main label, ancillary label, pictograms), brief instructions on medication
usage, Dispensing process, Good Dispensing Practices, dispensing errors and strategies to minimize
them.
1. History Of Profession Of Pharmacy In India
It is the 1st Chapter under ER-2020 By PCI for Diploma in Pharmacy Students .
You can Increase Your Knowledge about the history of Pharmacy India . and also know about the history of India Health care systems with simple language
this ppt is used full all type of pharmacy students and faculty .
In this chapter we are learned
1.Definition Of Pharmaceutics
2.Scope Of Pharmaceutics
3.SCOPE AND POTENTIAL OF PHARMACY
4.History Of Profession Of Pharmacy In India
5.Drug Enquiry Committee
It is a written order by physician, dentist, nurse practitioner or other designated health professional for a medication to be dispensed by a pharmacy for administration to a patient.
Prescriptions and medication orders are the primary means by which prescribers communicate with pharmacists regarding the desired treatment regimen for a patient. Prescriptions are used in the outpatient, or ambulatory, settings.
whereas medication orders are used in the inpatient or institutional health system setting. Prescriptions and inpatient orders are legal orders that can be used for medications, devices, laboratory tests, procedures, etc.
Prescriptions and medication orders can be handwritten, typed, preprinted, verbal, or entered into a computer program and submitted to the pharmacy by the patient or caregiver, or via fax, computer, or other electronic means.
Definition of prescription, Types, Difference between them.
Analyzing some prescriptions and their errors, comparing them with an ideal one.
Methods we should take to minimize those errors.
Historical background and development of profession of pharmacyRohit Kumar Trivedi
History and development of pharmacy profession
Historical background and development of profession of pharmacy
#rohitkumrtrivedi
B Pharma 1st semester pharmaceutics
Chapter 3_Prescription and prescription handling.pptxVinayGaikwad14
Definition, parts of prescriptions, legality of prescriptions, prescription handling, labeling of
dispensed medications (Main label, ancillary label, pictograms), brief instructions on medication
usage, Dispensing process, Good Dispensing Practices, dispensing errors and strategies to minimize
them.
1. History Of Profession Of Pharmacy In India
It is the 1st Chapter under ER-2020 By PCI for Diploma in Pharmacy Students .
You can Increase Your Knowledge about the history of Pharmacy India . and also know about the history of India Health care systems with simple language
this ppt is used full all type of pharmacy students and faculty .
In this chapter we are learned
1.Definition Of Pharmaceutics
2.Scope Of Pharmaceutics
3.SCOPE AND POTENTIAL OF PHARMACY
4.History Of Profession Of Pharmacy In India
5.Drug Enquiry Committee
It is a written order by physician, dentist, nurse practitioner or other designated health professional for a medication to be dispensed by a pharmacy for administration to a patient.
Prescriptions and medication orders are the primary means by which prescribers communicate with pharmacists regarding the desired treatment regimen for a patient. Prescriptions are used in the outpatient, or ambulatory, settings.
whereas medication orders are used in the inpatient or institutional health system setting. Prescriptions and inpatient orders are legal orders that can be used for medications, devices, laboratory tests, procedures, etc.
Prescriptions and medication orders can be handwritten, typed, preprinted, verbal, or entered into a computer program and submitted to the pharmacy by the patient or caregiver, or via fax, computer, or other electronic means.
Definition of Prescription
Parts Prescription
Handling of Prescription
legality & identification of medication related problems like drug interactions.
individual prescription method is a type of drug distribution system.
apart from the individual prescription method there are many other types of drug distribution system. they are
1]unit dosage distribution system
2]floor system
3]individual drug distribution
Definition, contents of hospital formulary, Differentiation of hospital formulary and Drug list, preparation and revision, and addition and deletion of a drug from hospital formulary.
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HEALTHCARE.pdfAnujkumaranit
Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems. It encompasses tasks such as learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and language understanding. AI technologies are revolutionizing various fields, from healthcare to finance, by enabling machines to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence.
micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdfAnurag Sharma
Microteaching is a unique model of practice teaching. It is a viable instrument for the. desired change in the teaching behavior or the behavior potential which, in specified types of real. classroom situations, tends to facilitate the achievement of specified types of objectives.
Ethanol (CH3CH2OH), or beverage alcohol, is a two-carbon alcohol
that is rapidly distributed in the body and brain. Ethanol alters many
neurochemical systems and has rewarding and addictive properties. It
is the oldest recreational drug and likely contributes to more morbidity,
mortality, and public health costs than all illicit drugs combined. The
5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
(DSM-5) integrates alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence into a single
disorder called alcohol use disorder (AUD), with mild, moderate,
and severe subclassifications (American Psychiatric Association, 2013).
In the DSM-5, all types of substance abuse and dependence have been
combined into a single substance use disorder (SUD) on a continuum
from mild to severe. A diagnosis of AUD requires that at least two of
the 11 DSM-5 behaviors be present within a 12-month period (mild
AUD: 2–3 criteria; moderate AUD: 4–5 criteria; severe AUD: 6–11 criteria).
The four main behavioral effects of AUD are impaired control over
drinking, negative social consequences, risky use, and altered physiological
effects (tolerance, withdrawal). This chapter presents an overview
of the prevalence and harmful consequences of AUD in the U.S.,
the systemic nature of the disease, neurocircuitry and stages of AUD,
comorbidities, fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, genetic risk factors, and
pharmacotherapies for AUD.
Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex System Analysis, S...Oleg Kshivets
RESULTS: Overall life span (LS) was 2252.1±1742.5 days and cumulative 5-year survival (5YS) reached 73.2%, 10 years – 64.8%, 20 years – 42.5%. 513 LCP lived more than 5 years (LS=3124.6±1525.6 days), 148 LCP – more than 10 years (LS=5054.4±1504.1 days).199 LCP died because of LC (LS=562.7±374.5 days). 5YS of LCP after bi/lobectomies was significantly superior in comparison with LCP after pneumonectomies (78.1% vs.63.7%, P=0.00001 by log-rank test). AT significantly improved 5YS (66.3% vs. 34.8%) (P=0.00000 by log-rank test) only for LCP with N1-2. Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: phase transition (PT) early-invasive LC in terms of synergetics, PT N0—N12, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells- CC and blood cells subpopulations), G1-3, histology, glucose, AT, blood cell circuit, prothrombin index, heparin tolerance, recalcification time (P=0.000-0.038). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and PT early-invasive LC (rank=1), PT N0—N12 (rank=2), thrombocytes/CC (3), erythrocytes/CC (4), eosinophils/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), segmented neutrophils/CC (8), stick neutrophils/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10); leucocytes/CC (11). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (area under ROC curve=1.0; error=0.0).
CONCLUSIONS: 5YS of LCP after radical procedures significantly depended on: 1) PT early-invasive cancer; 2) PT N0--N12; 3) cell ratio factors; 4) blood cell circuit; 5) biochemical factors; 6) hemostasis system; 7) AT; 8) LC characteristics; 9) LC cell dynamics; 10) surgery type: lobectomy/pneumonectomy; 11) anthropometric data. Optimal diagnosis and treatment strategies for LC are: 1) screening and early detection of LC; 2) availability of experienced thoracic surgeons because of complexity of radical procedures; 3) aggressive en block surgery and adequate lymph node dissection for completeness; 4) precise prediction; 5) adjuvant chemoimmunoradiotherapy for LCP with unfavorable prognosis.
Ozempic: Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Saeid Safari
Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists like Ozempic and Semiglutide
ASA GUIDELINE
NYSORA Guideline
2 Case Reports of Gastric Ultrasound
MANAGEMENT OF ATRIOVENTRICULAR CONDUCTION BLOCK.pdfJim Jacob Roy
Cardiac conduction defects can occur due to various causes.
Atrioventricular conduction blocks ( AV blocks ) are classified into 3 types.
This document describes the acute management of AV block.
Report Back from SGO 2024: What’s the Latest in Cervical Cancer?bkling
Are you curious about what’s new in cervical cancer research or unsure what the findings mean? Join Dr. Emily Ko, a gynecologic oncologist at Penn Medicine, to learn about the latest updates from the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) 2024 Annual Meeting on Women’s Cancer. Dr. Ko will discuss what the research presented at the conference means for you and answer your questions about the new developments.
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Ve...kevinkariuki227
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
2. Interpretation of prescription
Prescription is an order for medication issued by a
physician, dentist, or other properly licensed medical
practitioner. A prescription designates a specific
medication and dosage to be prepared by a pharmacist
and administered to a particular patient.
3. Prescription
A prescription is usually written on preprinted forms
containing the traditional symbol (meaning ‘‘recipe,’’
‘‘take thou,’’ or ‘‘you take’’), name, address, telephone
number, and other pertinent information regarding the
physician or other prescriber
In addition, blank spaces are used by the prescriber to
provide information about the patient, the
medication desired, and the directions for use.
A prescription written by a veterinarian generally
includes the animal species and/ or pet’s name and the
name of the owner.
4. Prescription
A written prescription may be presented at the
pharmacy by the patient or caregiver, or it may be
transmitted from the prescriber by telephone or by
other electronic means.
In the latter instances, the pharmacist immediately
reduces the order to a properly written form or
computer entry.
5.
6. Types of prescription
Two broad categories of prescriptions:
(1) those written for a single component or
prefabricated product and not requiring compounding
or admixture by the pharmacist, and
(2) those written for more than a single component
and requiring compounding.
7.
8. Prescription contents
A prescription may include the chemical or generic name
of the substance or the manufacturer’s brand or
trademark name.
Prescriptions requiring compounding contain the
quantities of each ingredient required. Medications are
prepared into various types of dosage forms (e.g., tablets,
syrups, injections)
9. Components of a typical
prescription
(1) Prescriber information and signature
(2) Patient information
(3) Date prescription was written
(4) symbol (the Superscription), meaning ‘‘take thou,’’ ‘‘you
take,’’ or ‘‘recipe’’
(5) Medication prescribed (the Inscription)
(6) Dispensing instructions to the pharmacist (the
Subscription)
(7) Directions to the patient (the Signa)
(8) Special instructions. It is important to note that for any
Medic-aid or Medicare prescription and according to
individual state laws, a handwritten language by the
prescriber, such as ‘‘Brand necessary,’’ may be required to
disallow generic substitution.
10.
11. Electronic prescription
The use of electronic means for the generation and
transmission of prescriptions is accepted throughout
the United States. In the inpatient or outpatient
setting, a medication order, for a patient is entered
into an automated data entry system as a personal
computer (PC) or a handheld device loaded with e-
prescribing software and sent to a pharmacy as an e-
prescription. When received, a pharmacist
immediately reduces the order to a hard copy and/or
stores it as a computer file.
12. Advantages of electronic
prescription
Among the advantages cited fore-prescriptions over
traditional paper prescriptions are: reduced errors
due to prescription legibility; concurrent software
screens for drug interactions; reduced incidence of
altered or forged prescriptions; efficiency for both
prescriber and pharmacist; and, convenience to the
patient, whose prescription would likely be ready for
pick-up upon arrival at the pharmacy.
13. Hospital prescriptions
A typical medication order form used in the hospital setting
In addition, other forms may be used within a hospital by
specialized units such as infectious disease, cardiac care,
pediatrics, obstetrics, orthopedics, and others.
Drug-specific forms also may be used, as for heparin dosing,
electrolyte infusions, and morphine sulfate in patient-controlled
anesthesia.
Many different types of health care institutions, as acute care
facilities, outpatient clinics, intermediate- and long-term care
facilities, cancer treatment centers, and a host of others utilize
medication order forms designed to meet their specific
requirements.
Clinical drug investigators likewise may use specific
medication order forms for their study protocols.
14.
15. Range of Prescription and Medication Order Calculations
The form
Content
Interpretation of prescriptions and institutional
medication orders
16. Range of Prescription and
Medication Order Calculations
Doses: including the following
quantity of a prescribed dose
the total number of doses prescribed
the number of days the prescribed medication will
last.
Compliance: the patient’s or caregiver’s compliance in
meeting the prescribed directions for dosing
17. Examples:
- Hydrochlorothiazide 50 mg
- No. XC
- Sig. s.i.d AM for HBP
If the prescription was filled initially on April 15, on
about what date should the patient return to have the
prescription refilled?
18. Doses
Drug concentration: the quantity of an active therapeutic
ingredient to use to achieve the desired drug
concentration.
Rate of drug administration: the quantity of drug
administered per unit of time to meet prescribed dosing
schedule (e.g., mg/min, drops/minute, or mL/hr for the
administration of an intravenous fluid).
Compounding: the quantities of active and inactive
components to use in the extemporaneous preparation of a
pharmaceutical product, including the use of stock
solutions and/or prefabricated dosage units in the process.
19. Practice example
Penicillin V Potassium Oral Solution 125 mg/5 mL
- Disp.————mL Sig. 5 mL q.i.d for 10 d
- How many milliliters of medicine should be
dispensed?
Answer: 5 mL times 4 (doses per day) equals 20 mL
times 10 (days) equals 200 mL.
20. Range of Prescription and
Medication Order Calculations
Chemical-physical factors: including calculations to
make solutions isotonic, iso-osmotic, equimolar, or
buffered.
Pharmacoeconomics: including medication costs,
cost-benefit analysis, cost-effectiveness analysis,
alternative treatment plans, and medication pricing.
21. Prescription and Medication Order
Accuracy
It is the responsibility of the pharmacist to ensure that each
prescription and medication order received is correct in its form
and content; is appropriate for the patient being treated; and is
subsequently filled, labeled, dispensed, and administered
accurately. In essence, each medication should be:
• therapeutically appropriate for the patient;
• prescribed at the correct dose;
• dispensed in the correct strength and dosage form;
• correctly labeled with complete instructions for the patient or
caregiver; and
• for the patient in a hospital or other health care facility, each
medication must be administered to the correct patient, at the
correct time, and by the correct rate and route of administration.
22. Use of Roman Numerals on
Prescriptions
Roman numerals commonly are used in prescription
writing to designate quantities, as the:
(1) quantity of medication to be dispensed and/or
(2) quantity of medication to be taken by the patient
per dose. The student may recall the eight letters of
fixed values used in the Roman system
23.
24. Military time
Military time is used not only in the military but in
civilian life as well, such as in hospitals, other patient-
care institutions, emergency services