Anemia : a brief presentation displaying the causes , symptoms and treatment

1. Anemia
Laith Alasadi

2. This is a slide structure based on a healthcare center presentation
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CONTENTS OF THIS TEMPLATE
Introduction Difinitions of anemia
Classification Typers of anemia
Etiology Several causes for anemia
Finding Symptoms of anemia
Treatment Pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment

3. Diffintions of anemia
01 Anemia is a condition in
which the body does not
have enough healthy red
blood cells. Red blood
cells provide oxygen to
body tissues
02
Anemia is a blood
disorder that happens
when you don’t have
enough red blood cells or
your red blood cells don’t
work as they should
03 Anemia is defined as a
low number of red
blood cells. In a routine
blood test, anemia is
reported as a low
hemoglobin or
hematocrit
04
Anemia is a condition that
develops when your blood
produces a lower-than-
normal amount of healthy
red blood cells. If you have
anemia, your body does
not get enough oxygen-
rich blood.

4. 1
Iron-deficiency
anemia
3
Vitamin B12-
deficiency anemia
2
Hemolytic anemia
4
Megaloblastic anemia
Types of anemia
6
Thalassemia
5
Sickle cell anemia
Folate deficiency
anemia
7

5. Acquired anemias
You develop or acquire anemia from something that happens during
your lifetime, like a condition that causes it.
- Anemia of chronic disease: diffect in using of iron
- Autoimmune hemolytic anemia: hemolysis of RBCs
Macrocytic anemia and megaloblastic anemia:. bone marrow
Normocytic anemia: fewer red blood
- Pernicious anemia: vitamin B12 deficiency
Causes of anemia

6. Diseases leads to anemia
• Autoimmune diseases.
• Cancer.
• Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).
• Kidney disease.
• Liver disease.
• Thyroid disease.
• Inherited anemias
• Menstrual periods disturbances
• Stomach ulcers
• Sudden heavy blood loss

7. Other causes
• Low iron diet
• Heavy menstruation
• Frequent blood donation
• Certain digestive conditions, such as Crohn’s disease
• Drugs that irritate the GIT, such as NSAID

8. Symptoms
8
• difficulty in walking
• confusion
• vision problems
• Diarrhea
• Sore or inflamed
tongue
• Mouth ulcers
• Chest pain.
• Tiredness.
• Weakness.
• Shortness of breath.
• Pale or yellowish skin,
• Irregular heartbeat.
• Dizziness or
lightheadedness.
• Cold hands and feet.
• Headaches.
• Blue color to the
whites of the eyes
• Brittle nails
• Abnormal or
increased menstrual
bleeding in females
• Loss of sexual
desire in men

9. Diagnosis
Other tests
• Complete blood count (CBC).
• Identification of size and shape of the
red blood cells.
• Hb concentration
• packed cell volume (PCV) test
• Iron and ferritin concentration
• transferrin saturation
• RBC zinc protoporphyrin (RBC ZPP)
• C-reactive protein (CRP)
• MCV; mean corpuscular hemoglobin,
MCH
• Genetic tests
• Bone marrow tests
• Endoscopy and colonoscopy
• Urine tests
Hematological tests

10. • Iron rich diets
• Management of blood lose
• Blood transfusions
• Bone marrow transplant
Non pharmacological treatment

11. Iron-rich foods
 Meat
 Eggs
 Seafood
 Strawberries
 Dates and figs
 Beans
 Green leafy vegetables

12. Vitamin B12-rich foods
 Meat
 Seafood
 Eggs
 Fortified grains

13. Folic acid-rich foods
 Beans
 Citrus fruit
 Bananas
 Vegetables

14. Pharmacological treatment
• Iron supplements
• Folic acid supplements
• Erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESA)
• vitamin B12 supplements
• Medications manage the underlying causes (
ex: antibiotics, chemotherapy etc.)

15. Goul of therapy
Increasing the
hemoglobin level or
red blood cell count
Relieving symptoms of
anemia
Improving a person’s
quality of life
Reducing the risks of
complications
Treating an underlying
condition
Decreasing the
mortality rate

16. Iron supplements
 IV iron dextran
 (Iron dextran ,Iron sucrose ,Ferric gluconate)
 Oral preparations
 ferrous sulfate
 ferrous gluconate
 ferrous fumarate
50-200 mg per day of elemental iron (2 to 5 mg of iron per
kilogram of body weight per day

17.  Epoetin alfa
 Darbepoetin alfa
 Erythropoietin
 Peginesatide
Erythropoiesis-stimulating agents

18.  Vitamin B12 injection
 Oral vitamin B12
Vitamin B12 supplement

19. Folate supplement
Oral folic acid 5mg , 1mg and 400mcg

20. Immuno-suppressants therapy
• If you have anemia because of an
autoimmune disorder

21. HIF prolyl-hydroxylase inhibitor that
increases endogenous production of
erythropoietin and stimulates
production of hemoglobin and red
blood cells.
Roxadustat

22. CREDITS: This presentation template was created by
Slidesgo, and includes icons by Flaticon and infographics
& images by Freepik
THANKS!
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QUESTIONS?
Laith_alasadi81@yahoo.com
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