Peripheral nerve disorders are alterations in motor, sensory or autonomic peripheral nerves that can be caused by various metabolic, toxic, infectious or genetic factors. Symptoms include pain, numbness, weakness and sensory loss. Peripheral neuropathies can be classified as mononeuropathies affecting single nerves, mononeuropathies multiplex affecting multiple individual nerves, or polyneuropathies broadly affecting many nerves simultaneously. Clinical exams help identify affected nerves and patterns of injury.

1. PERIPHERAL
NERVE DISORDER
Sanil Varghese

2. PERIPHERAL NEUROPATHIES
• Is defined as alteration in function and
structure of the motor, sensory or autonomic
components of a peripheral nerve.

3. CATEGORIES AND ETIOLOGIES OF
PERIPHERAL NEUROPATHIES
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Metabolic or nutritional.
Drug induced.
Industrial or environmental toxins.
Connective tissue processes or vasculitis.
Infections or infectious processes.
Inflammatory processes.
Neoplasms.
Trauma or compressions.
Entrapment syndromes.
Heriditory disorders.

4. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
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Wallerian degeneration.
Axonal degeneration.
Primary neuronal degeneration.
Segmental demyelination.

5. DISTRIBUTION PATTERNS OF
PERIPHERAL NEUROPATHIES
• Mononeuropathy simplex or
mononeuropathy.
• Mononeuropathy multiplex.
• Polyneuropathy.

6. CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS
• Pain, paresthesia, sensory loss, weakness, unstable
balance.
• Autonomic or trophic changes like cold, blue
extremities, cutaneous hair loss, brittle finger or
toenails.
• Decrease or a loss of light touch and pinprick
sensation.
• Tingling, numbness, paraesthesia and disesthesia.
• Neuropathic pain.
• Deep tendon reflexes absent or decreased in
affected muscels.

7. MONONEUROPATHY
Types
• Carpal tunnel syndrome
• Ulnar nerve palsy.
• Radial nerve palsy.
• Peroneal nerve palsy.

9. TINEL’S SIGN

10. PHALEN’S SIGN

11. Ulnar nerve palsy

12. MULTIPLE MONONEUROPATHY

13. POLYNEUROPATHY

14. DIABETIC NEUROPATHY