The following presentation is on the topic- PERCEPTION
It includes :-
# Meaning and definition
# Characteristics
# Major types
# Factors that affect perception
# Perception process
# Perception and reality
# Importance
# Why perception Vary
# Errors to perception
# How to overcome the barriers
perception , perceptual process ,factors affecting perception , learning , classical conditioning theory ,social learning theory, operant conditioning theory ,reinforcement schedules and types , attribution theory and errors of attribution
The following presentation is on the topic- PERCEPTION
It includes :-
# Meaning and definition
# Characteristics
# Major types
# Factors that affect perception
# Perception process
# Perception and reality
# Importance
# Why perception Vary
# Errors to perception
# How to overcome the barriers
perception , perceptual process ,factors affecting perception , learning , classical conditioning theory ,social learning theory, operant conditioning theory ,reinforcement schedules and types , attribution theory and errors of attribution
Hi friends, 'Quality' has been in the colloquial realm for time immemorial, with different meanings and connotations to different people, even at different points in time or while donning a different hat !
We have been using it as a user, consumer, professional, in making judgments, determining value proposition, etc.
Here's a take on 'Quality' - right from a lay man's perspective or what the Oxford English Dictionary says, the definition as per ISO 9000, to what Legends of Quality like Juran, Crosby & Deming have to say and ultimately...
Read on
Communication and Perception Communicating in the Real World .docxpickersgillkayne
Communication and Perception
Communicating in the Real World
Perception chpt. 2 all sections
http://open.lib.umn.edu/communication/part/chapter-2-communication-and-perception/
Perception Defined
The Perception Process
Attributions
Self-Concept and Self-Esteem
Influences on Perception
Self-Presentation
Improving Perception
Agenda
Perception refers to the processes of selection, organization and interpretation of the information
What we select, the ways we organize it, and the interpretations we assign to it affect the ways we communicate.
Perception Defined
The Perception Process
The Perception Process
Selection occurs when we focus our attention on certain incoming sensory information
We take in information through all five of our senses, but our perceptual field (the world around us) includes so many stimuli that it is impossible for our brains to process and make sense of it all
The Perception Process
1. Selecting
We tend to pay attention to information that is salient
Salience = the degree to which something attracts our attention in a particular context.
The Perception Process
Selection--Salience
It is probably not surprising to learn that visually and/or aurally stimulating things become salient in our perceptual field and get our attention
We tend to select stimuli with certain characteristics:
Intensity--stimuli with intensity-a loud bang
Size--stimuli that are large in size-very tall or very small
Contrast stimuli that contrast with surroundings-a noise in the library
Repetition Repetition--stimuli that are repeated http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f_SwD7RveNE
The Perception Process
Selection—Visual and Aural Stimulation
We tend to pay attention to information that we perceive to meet our needs or interests in some way
This type of selective attention can help us meet instrumental needs and get things done
Example: You are need to study for an exam but your friends are playing video games—your need to study may allow you to shut out the game sounds
The Perception Process
Selecting—Needs and Interests
We can find expected things salient
We also find things that are unexpected salient.
The Perception Process
Selecting--Expectations
Organization occurs when we sort and categorize information that we perceive based on innate and learned cognitive patterns
Three ways we sort things into patterns are by using proximity, similarity, and difference
The Perception Process
2. Organizing
Proximity is when we tend to think that things that are close together go together
Similarity is when we tend to think similar-looking or similar-acting things belong together
Difference is when we assume that the item that looks or acts different from the rest doesn’t belong with the group
Perceptual errors involving people and assumptions of difference can be especially awkward, if not offensive
The Perception Process
Organizing: Proximity, Similarity & Difference
.
Communication and Perception Communicating in the Real World .docxdrandy1
Communication and Perception
Communicating in the Real World
Perception chpt. 2 all sections
http://open.lib.umn.edu/communication/part/chapter-2-communication-and-perception/
Perception Defined
The Perception Process
Attributions
Self-Concept and Self-Esteem
Influences on Perception
Self-Presentation
Improving Perception
Agenda
Perception refers to the processes of selection, organization and interpretation of the information
What we select, the ways we organize it, and the interpretations we assign to it affect the ways we communicate.
Perception Defined
The Perception Process
The Perception Process
Selection occurs when we focus our attention on certain incoming sensory information
We take in information through all five of our senses, but our perceptual field (the world around us) includes so many stimuli that it is impossible for our brains to process and make sense of it all
The Perception Process
1. Selecting
We tend to pay attention to information that is salient
Salience = the degree to which something attracts our attention in a particular context.
The Perception Process
Selection--Salience
It is probably not surprising to learn that visually and/or aurally stimulating things become salient in our perceptual field and get our attention
We tend to select stimuli with certain characteristics:
Intensity--stimuli with intensity-a loud bang
Size--stimuli that are large in size-very tall or very small
Contrast stimuli that contrast with surroundings-a noise in the library
Repetition Repetition--stimuli that are repeated http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f_SwD7RveNE
The Perception Process
Selection—Visual and Aural Stimulation
We tend to pay attention to information that we perceive to meet our needs or interests in some way
This type of selective attention can help us meet instrumental needs and get things done
Example: You are need to study for an exam but your friends are playing video games—your need to study may allow you to shut out the game sounds
The Perception Process
Selecting—Needs and Interests
We can find expected things salient
We also find things that are unexpected salient.
The Perception Process
Selecting--Expectations
Organization occurs when we sort and categorize information that we perceive based on innate and learned cognitive patterns
Three ways we sort things into patterns are by using proximity, similarity, and difference
The Perception Process
2. Organizing
Proximity is when we tend to think that things that are close together go together
Similarity is when we tend to think similar-looking or similar-acting things belong together
Difference is when we assume that the item that looks or acts different from the rest doesn’t belong with the group
Perceptual errors involving people and assumptions of difference can be especially awkward, if not offensive
The Perception Process
Organizing: Proximity, Similarity & Difference
.
Communication and Perception Communicating in the Real World .docxcargillfilberto
Communication and Perception
Communicating in the Real World
Perception chpt. 2 all sections
http://open.lib.umn.edu/communication/part/chapter-2-communication-and-perception/
Perception Defined
The Perception Process
Attributions
Self-Concept and Self-Esteem
Influences on Perception
Self-Presentation
Improving Perception
Agenda
Perception refers to the processes of selection, organization and interpretation of the information
What we select, the ways we organize it, and the interpretations we assign to it affect the ways we communicate.
Perception Defined
The Perception Process
The Perception Process
Selection occurs when we focus our attention on certain incoming sensory information
We take in information through all five of our senses, but our perceptual field (the world around us) includes so many stimuli that it is impossible for our brains to process and make sense of it all
The Perception Process
1. Selecting
We tend to pay attention to information that is salient
Salience = the degree to which something attracts our attention in a particular context.
The Perception Process
Selection--Salience
It is probably not surprising to learn that visually and/or aurally stimulating things become salient in our perceptual field and get our attention
We tend to select stimuli with certain characteristics:
Intensity--stimuli with intensity-a loud bang
Size--stimuli that are large in size-very tall or very small
Contrast stimuli that contrast with surroundings-a noise in the library
Repetition Repetition--stimuli that are repeated http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f_SwD7RveNE
The Perception Process
Selection—Visual and Aural Stimulation
We tend to pay attention to information that we perceive to meet our needs or interests in some way
This type of selective attention can help us meet instrumental needs and get things done
Example: You are need to study for an exam but your friends are playing video games—your need to study may allow you to shut out the game sounds
The Perception Process
Selecting—Needs and Interests
We can find expected things salient
We also find things that are unexpected salient.
The Perception Process
Selecting--Expectations
Organization occurs when we sort and categorize information that we perceive based on innate and learned cognitive patterns
Three ways we sort things into patterns are by using proximity, similarity, and difference
The Perception Process
2. Organizing
Proximity is when we tend to think that things that are close together go together
Similarity is when we tend to think similar-looking or similar-acting things belong together
Difference is when we assume that the item that looks or acts different from the rest doesn’t belong with the group
Perceptual errors involving people and assumptions of difference can be especially awkward, if not offensive
The Perception Process
Organizing: Proximity, Similarity & Difference
.
●Logical-Mathematical Intelligence: Ability to reason logically and perform mathematical calculations.
●Spatial Intelligence: Aptitude for visual and spatial thinking and understanding relationships between objects.
●Musical Intelligence: Skill in musical abilities, such as pitch, rhythm, and composition.
●Bodily-Kinesthetic Intelligence: Expertise in controlling body movements and handling objects.
●Interpersonal Intelligence: Capability to understand and interact effectively with others.
●Intrapersonal Intelligence: Self-awareness and understanding of one's own emotions, motivations, and goals.
●Naturalistic Intelligence: Sensitivity and knowledge about the natural world and its phenomena.
Perception is important for understanding individual differences because how people perceived a situation determines how people behave. Perception is part of that personal dimension that makes people see situations differently as well as shapes their attitude in terms of their work environment. This lesson seeks to help students:
1. describe the major elements of the perceptual process;
2. identify the main factors that influence what individual perceive; and
3. Identify factors that determine how one person perceives another.
Talks about Personality and Individual Behavoiur for educational purposes.
* Personality
* Components of Personality
* Nature of Personality
* Framework Of Personality
** Iceberg Theory
** Psychoanalytic Theory
** The Myers Brigg Type Indicators
** The Big 5 Model
* Determinants of Personality
** Biological Factors
** Social Factors
** Cultural Factors
** Situational Factors
* Individual Behaviour
** Individual Behaviour Framework
* Causes of Individual Behaviour
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkTechSoup
Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
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Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
4. MEANING OF PERCEPTION
The Process by which we come to know
the world around us…An individual’s
window to the world.
Perception may be defined as the process
by which an individual selects, organizes and
interprets stimuli into a meaningful and
coherent picture of the environment in which
he lives.
5. “ WE DON’T SEE THINGS
AS THEY ARE,
WE SEE THINGS AS WE
ARE.”
9. The Perceptual Process
1. Sensation
An individual’s ability to
detect stimuli in the
immediate environment.
2. Selection
The process a person
uses to eliminate some of
the stimuli that have
been sensed and to
retain others for further
processing.
3. Organization
The process of placing
selected perceptual
stimuli into a framework
for “storage.”
4. Translation
The stage of the
perceptual process at
which stimuli are
interpreted and given
meaning.
13. SENSATION
It is the activity of the senses.
A state of emotional excitement.
TWO FACTORS IN ORDER FOR SENSATION
TO OCCUR:
1. There must be a stimulus.
2. There must be receptors that are
sensitive to the stimulus.
15. What is the difference between sensation and
perception?
• Sensation is gathering
info from the
environment via your
senses.
• Perception is
understanding what is
being sensed!
16. What do we call it when there is a mismatch
between sensation and perception – when
we misinterpret the info?
17. Perceptual errors
The perceptual process may result in a person
making errors in judgement or understanding
of another person. The most common types
of perceptual errors are:
Accuracy in judgment
Perceptual defence
Stereotyping
The halo effect
Projection
Role of culture
18. Perceptual errors
Accuracy in judgment
Similarity error – assuming that people who are
similar to us ( in terms of background, interests and
hobbies) will behave like us.
Contrast error – comparing people to others rather
than to some absolute standard.
Overweighting of negative information – a tendency
to overreact to something negative.
Race, age, and gender bias – tendency to be more or
less positive based on one’s race, age, of sex.
First-impression error – forming first impressions that
are resistant to change.
19. Perceptual error
Perceptual defence
The tendency for people to protect themselves against
ideas, objects, or situations that are threatening.
o Stereotyping
The belief that all members of a specific group share similar traits
and behaviours.
o Halo effect
A tendency to colour everything we know about a person
because of one recognizable favourable or unfavourable trait.
o Projection
tendency to see one’s traits in others.
o The role of culture –
Culture influence our perception in selecting information and
exhibiting a behavioural pattern in situations
20. CONCLUSION
The Inferential System has its mysteries,
but we can also know a lot about it. This
chapter discussed how it works
automatically (does not need prompting or
direction from conscious) and how it
combines evidence from all of the sensory
modalities. There was also ample evidence
for the idea that we are conscious of just
the conclusions from the Inferential System
and cannot introspect into its processing.