This document describes the fabrication of a pedal operated water pump submitted as a project for a diploma in mechanical engineering. It includes sections on the construction details, working principle, spare parts drawings, introduction to pumps, applications, advantages and disadvantages, features of the project, safety, care and maintenance, painting and finishing, cost estimation, and conclusion. A group of 6 students fabricated the water pump under the guidance of their professor as part of their studies.
Design and Construction of Pedal Operated Water Pumpijtsrd
This paper describes the design and construction of the pedal operated water pump are done especially discharge rate at different speed and height. The proposed pump is a rotary pump operated by pedal power. In the rotary pump, water enters axially through the vane eyes and exits radially. In this paper, necessary dimensions are calculated for the design point of 6.096 m 20 feet height, 0.00018 m3 sec flow rate and rotational speed 260 rpm. Pedal operated water pump is purposed to use in small irrigation and garden irrigation and drinking water where electricity is not available. Ma Myat Win Khaing | Ma Yi Yi Khin | Mg Than Zaw Oo "Design and Construction of Pedal Operated Water Pump" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-5 , August 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd26434.pdfPaper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/mechanical-engineering/26434/design-and-construction-of-pedal-operated-water-pump/ma-myat-win-khaing
this project produced by ABEL SEYOUM in MW University
A Bottle jack is a jack which works on the principle of hydraulics (hence falls under the category of hydraulic jacks) and looks like a bottle in its shape.
Design and Construction of Pedal Operated Water Pumpijtsrd
This paper describes the design and construction of the pedal operated water pump are done especially discharge rate at different speed and height. The proposed pump is a rotary pump operated by pedal power. In the rotary pump, water enters axially through the vane eyes and exits radially. In this paper, necessary dimensions are calculated for the design point of 6.096 m 20 feet height, 0.00018 m3 sec flow rate and rotational speed 260 rpm. Pedal operated water pump is purposed to use in small irrigation and garden irrigation and drinking water where electricity is not available. Ma Myat Win Khaing | Ma Yi Yi Khin | Mg Than Zaw Oo "Design and Construction of Pedal Operated Water Pump" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-5 , August 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd26434.pdfPaper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/mechanical-engineering/26434/design-and-construction-of-pedal-operated-water-pump/ma-myat-win-khaing
this project produced by ABEL SEYOUM in MW University
A Bottle jack is a jack which works on the principle of hydraulics (hence falls under the category of hydraulic jacks) and looks like a bottle in its shape.
An automotive jack is a device used to raise all or part of a vehicle into the air in order to facilitate repairs. Most people are familiar with the basic car jack (manually operated) that is still included as standard equipment with most new cars. These days, a car jack is an important tool to have in our vehicle due to unknown upcoming event such as flat tire in our journey. Even so, people who like to rotate their tires themselves or who may install snow tires before the winter and remove them in the spring need to use a jack to perform the job. Changing a flat tire is not a very pleasant experience. Women have a much lighter skeleton that means, among other things, woman can’t pull more forces as well as men and are at greater risk of skeletal injuries. Usually the car purposely tries to get a flat tire at the least opportune moments.
Hydraulics is a branch of science which deals with hydraulic fluid. It is used in places where cleanliness is not a priority but requires huge power to perform tasks.
application:
1. Industrial: Plastic processing machineries, steel making and primary metal extraction applications, automated production lines, machine tool industries, paper industries, loaders, crushes, textile machineries, R & D equipment and robotic systems etc.
2 Mobile hydraulics: Tractors, irrigation system, earthmoving equipment, material handling equipment, commercial vehicles, tunnel boring equipment, rail equipment, building and construction machineries and drilling rigs etc.
3 Automobiles: It is used in the systems like breaks, shock absorbers, steering system, wind shield, lift and cleaning etc.
4 Marine applications: It mostly covers ocean going vessels, fishing boats and navel equipment.
5 Aerospace equipment: There are equipment and systems used for rudder control, landing gear, breaks, flight control and transmission etc. which are used in airplanes, rockets and spaceships.
AUTOMATIC PORTABLE HAMMERING MACHINE
TITLE PAGE
CERTIFICATE
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
ABSTRACT
LIST OF FIGURES
INTRODUCTION
LITERATURE REVIEW
INTRODUCTION
PROJECT METHODS AND COMPONENT DETAILS
DESIGN OF HAMMERING MACHINE
CONCLUSION AND DISCUSSION
FUTURE SCOPE
REFERENCES
CAD MODEL
This paper focus on the design of hydraulic shop crane. The purpose of design and analysis this hydraulic shop crane is to lifting machinery, machinery parts, and also to move in and out other instruments over head for what we went to work out.
Traditional manual wheelchairs require considerable use and control of both arms for operation, thus adaptations are required for individuals with asymmetrical use of their arms. Building upon previous projects, the goal of this project was to create an accessory, to be installed on a standard wheelchair, which would allow full control of the wheelchair with only one arm/hand while addressing areas lacking in commercial products and previous designs, such as manufacture ability, attendant control, user comfort and ergonomics. After preliminary testing and analysis of three one-arm propulsion designs, the project team developed a design for a removable, lever-operated accessory which could be adapted to fit a range of the most popular standard wheelchair models. The propulsion system, connected to the main lever by a coupler link, consists of a dual gear-pawl assembly in which the desired direction of motion is chosen by moving a shifter to engage one of the two gears press-fit around clutches, each of which allows motion in only one direction, either forward or reverse. By including a neutral pawl position in which neither clutch is engaged, this design allows an attendant to propel and control the chair.
An automotive jack is a device used to raise all or part of a vehicle into the air in order to facilitate repairs. Most people are familiar with the basic car jack (manually operated) that is still included as standard equipment with most new cars. These days, a car jack is an important tool to have in our vehicle due to unknown upcoming event such as flat tire in our journey. Even so, people who like to rotate their tires themselves or who may install snow tires before the winter and remove them in the spring need to use a jack to perform the job. Changing a flat tire is not a very pleasant experience. Women have a much lighter skeleton that means, among other things, woman can’t pull more forces as well as men and are at greater risk of skeletal injuries. Usually the car purposely tries to get a flat tire at the least opportune moments.
Hydraulics is a branch of science which deals with hydraulic fluid. It is used in places where cleanliness is not a priority but requires huge power to perform tasks.
application:
1. Industrial: Plastic processing machineries, steel making and primary metal extraction applications, automated production lines, machine tool industries, paper industries, loaders, crushes, textile machineries, R & D equipment and robotic systems etc.
2 Mobile hydraulics: Tractors, irrigation system, earthmoving equipment, material handling equipment, commercial vehicles, tunnel boring equipment, rail equipment, building and construction machineries and drilling rigs etc.
3 Automobiles: It is used in the systems like breaks, shock absorbers, steering system, wind shield, lift and cleaning etc.
4 Marine applications: It mostly covers ocean going vessels, fishing boats and navel equipment.
5 Aerospace equipment: There are equipment and systems used for rudder control, landing gear, breaks, flight control and transmission etc. which are used in airplanes, rockets and spaceships.
AUTOMATIC PORTABLE HAMMERING MACHINE
TITLE PAGE
CERTIFICATE
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
ABSTRACT
LIST OF FIGURES
INTRODUCTION
LITERATURE REVIEW
INTRODUCTION
PROJECT METHODS AND COMPONENT DETAILS
DESIGN OF HAMMERING MACHINE
CONCLUSION AND DISCUSSION
FUTURE SCOPE
REFERENCES
CAD MODEL
This paper focus on the design of hydraulic shop crane. The purpose of design and analysis this hydraulic shop crane is to lifting machinery, machinery parts, and also to move in and out other instruments over head for what we went to work out.
Traditional manual wheelchairs require considerable use and control of both arms for operation, thus adaptations are required for individuals with asymmetrical use of their arms. Building upon previous projects, the goal of this project was to create an accessory, to be installed on a standard wheelchair, which would allow full control of the wheelchair with only one arm/hand while addressing areas lacking in commercial products and previous designs, such as manufacture ability, attendant control, user comfort and ergonomics. After preliminary testing and analysis of three one-arm propulsion designs, the project team developed a design for a removable, lever-operated accessory which could be adapted to fit a range of the most popular standard wheelchair models. The propulsion system, connected to the main lever by a coupler link, consists of a dual gear-pawl assembly in which the desired direction of motion is chosen by moving a shifter to engage one of the two gears press-fit around clutches, each of which allows motion in only one direction, either forward or reverse. By including a neutral pawl position in which neither clutch is engaged, this design allows an attendant to propel and control the chair.
the presentation includes basic ideas about water pumps, various terminology generally used for the pumps, classification of pumps and ideas about the types its construction and working
This Presentation is about working principle of Pumps.Basic Presentation regarding pumps , will definitely help beginners to learn pump types , their working , their parts etc.
Pneumatic Sheet Metal Shearing Machine - Project reportTejas Inamdar
Hi,
here is a report on Pneumatic Sheet Metal Shearing Machine,
done by us,
if any one wants further detail about it, please contact me on my email -
inamdar.tejas421@gmail.com
Design of epi-cyclic internal gear pump for maximum discharge ijiert bestjournal
In many industrial applications it is required to drive the actuator s,hydraulic cylinder or hydraulic motors at variable speed this is only possible by variable discharge from a variable displacement pump (which has high cost approx Rs. 90000/-) so it is not feasible to use it. One me thod employed is to use a pump of higher discharge capacity,but higher capacity means higher cost and highe r power consumption hence there is need of special pump system at low cost so that the requirement of va riable discharge is met easily without much cost and set up. This paper deals with the design of such pump systems and its calcul ations.
Hi everyone! We are Mechanical Engineering students from the Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, The National University of Malaysia. We present to you the manufacturing process of washing machine. We hope this powerpoint will be helpful to you. Thank you.
The main purpose of this project is to lift the car from one place (height) to another place (height). Actually I used this system in my advanced parking lot to lift the vehicles from ground level to different floors. Hydraulic lifts work on a basic principle: to go
up, a pump pushes oil into the cylinder, pushing the piston (which pushes the car) up. To go down, the valve opens and oil is allowed to flow back into the reservoir, and is pushed back
using the gravitational force of the car.
FABRICATION OF PNEUMATIC CONTROLLED RAMMER STRIKER FOR MOULDING PROCES.pptxchockalingam athilingam
report for engineering project .
useful to final year engineering and diploma students in and every where
to improve the knowledge. to study about hydraulic system
Harnessing WebAssembly for Real-time Stateless Streaming PipelinesChristina Lin
Traditionally, dealing with real-time data pipelines has involved significant overhead, even for straightforward tasks like data transformation or masking. However, in this talk, we’ll venture into the dynamic realm of WebAssembly (WASM) and discover how it can revolutionize the creation of stateless streaming pipelines within a Kafka (Redpanda) broker. These pipelines are adept at managing low-latency, high-data-volume scenarios.
Student information management system project report ii.pdfKamal Acharya
Our project explains about the student management. This project mainly explains the various actions related to student details. This project shows some ease in adding, editing and deleting the student details. It also provides a less time consuming process for viewing, adding, editing and deleting the marks of the students.
Hybrid optimization of pumped hydro system and solar- Engr. Abdul-Azeez.pdffxintegritypublishin
Advancements in technology unveil a myriad of electrical and electronic breakthroughs geared towards efficiently harnessing limited resources to meet human energy demands. The optimization of hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems plays a pivotal role in utilizing natural resources effectively. This initiative not only benefits humanity but also fosters environmental sustainability. The study investigated the design optimization of these hybrid systems, focusing on understanding solar radiation patterns, identifying geographical influences on solar radiation, formulating a mathematical model for system optimization, and determining the optimal configuration of PV panels and pumped hydro storage. Through a comparative analysis approach and eight weeks of data collection, the study addressed key research questions related to solar radiation patterns and optimal system design. The findings highlighted regions with heightened solar radiation levels, showcasing substantial potential for power generation and emphasizing the system's efficiency. Optimizing system design significantly boosted power generation, promoted renewable energy utilization, and enhanced energy storage capacity. The study underscored the benefits of optimizing hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems for sustainable energy usage. Optimizing the design of solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems as examined across diverse climatic conditions in a developing country, not only enhances power generation but also improves the integration of renewable energy sources and boosts energy storage capacities, particularly beneficial for less economically prosperous regions. Additionally, the study provides valuable insights for advancing energy research in economically viable areas. Recommendations included conducting site-specific assessments, utilizing advanced modeling tools, implementing regular maintenance protocols, and enhancing communication among system components.
Saudi Arabia stands as a titan in the global energy landscape, renowned for its abundant oil and gas resources. It's the largest exporter of petroleum and holds some of the world's most significant reserves. Let's delve into the top 10 oil and gas projects shaping Saudi Arabia's energy future in 2024.
Online aptitude test management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
The purpose of on-line aptitude test system is to take online test in an efficient manner and no time wasting for checking the paper. The main objective of on-line aptitude test system is to efficiently evaluate the candidate thoroughly through a fully automated system that not only saves lot of time but also gives fast results. For students they give papers according to their convenience and time and there is no need of using extra thing like paper, pen etc. This can be used in educational institutions as well as in corporate world. Can be used anywhere any time as it is a web based application (user Location doesn’t matter). No restriction that examiner has to be present when the candidate takes the test.
Every time when lecturers/professors need to conduct examinations they have to sit down think about the questions and then create a whole new set of questions for each and every exam. In some cases the professor may want to give an open book online exam that is the student can take the exam any time anywhere, but the student might have to answer the questions in a limited time period. The professor may want to change the sequence of questions for every student. The problem that a student has is whenever a date for the exam is declared the student has to take it and there is no way he can take it at some other time. This project will create an interface for the examiner to create and store questions in a repository. It will also create an interface for the student to take examinations at his convenience and the questions and/or exams may be timed. Thereby creating an application which can be used by examiners and examinee’s simultaneously.
Examination System is very useful for Teachers/Professors. As in the teaching profession, you are responsible for writing question papers. In the conventional method, you write the question paper on paper, keep question papers separate from answers and all this information you have to keep in a locker to avoid unauthorized access. Using the Examination System you can create a question paper and everything will be written to a single exam file in encrypted format. You can set the General and Administrator password to avoid unauthorized access to your question paper. Every time you start the examination, the program shuffles all the questions and selects them randomly from the database, which reduces the chances of memorizing the questions.
Final project report on grocery store management system..pdfKamal Acharya
In today’s fast-changing business environment, it’s extremely important to be able to respond to client needs in the most effective and timely manner. If your customers wish to see your business online and have instant access to your products or services.
Online Grocery Store is an e-commerce website, which retails various grocery products. This project allows viewing various products available enables registered users to purchase desired products instantly using Paytm, UPI payment processor (Instant Pay) and also can place order by using Cash on Delivery (Pay Later) option. This project provides an easy access to Administrators and Managers to view orders placed using Pay Later and Instant Pay options.
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This document will discuss each of the underlying technologies to create and implement an e- commerce website.
Hierarchical Digital Twin of a Naval Power SystemKerry Sado
A hierarchical digital twin of a Naval DC power system has been developed and experimentally verified. Similar to other state-of-the-art digital twins, this technology creates a digital replica of the physical system executed in real-time or faster, which can modify hardware controls. However, its advantage stems from distributing computational efforts by utilizing a hierarchical structure composed of lower-level digital twin blocks and a higher-level system digital twin. Each digital twin block is associated with a physical subsystem of the hardware and communicates with a singular system digital twin, which creates a system-level response. By extracting information from each level of the hierarchy, power system controls of the hardware were reconfigured autonomously. This hierarchical digital twin development offers several advantages over other digital twins, particularly in the field of naval power systems. The hierarchical structure allows for greater computational efficiency and scalability while the ability to autonomously reconfigure hardware controls offers increased flexibility and responsiveness. The hierarchical decomposition and models utilized were well aligned with the physical twin, as indicated by the maximum deviations between the developed digital twin hierarchy and the hardware.
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Heap sort is a comparison-based sorting technique based on Binary Heap data structure. It is similar to the selection sort where we first find the minimum element and place the minimum element at the beginning. Repeat the same process for the remaining elements.
Heap Sort (SS).ppt FOR ENGINEERING GRADUATES, BCA, MCA, MTECH, BSC STUDENTS
Pedal pump 2015
1. FABRICATION OF PEDAL OPERATED
WATER PUMP
Submitted in the partial fulfillment of the requirement for the award of
“DIPLOMA IN MECHANICAL ENGINEERING”
SUBMITTED BY:
1. G.JAGADESH KUMAR 4. M.G.VISHNU
2. R.GOPINATH 5. D.MUTHUKUMARAN
3. T.NARESH 6. K.MANI
Under guidance of
Mr. Z.KHAJA MOIDEEN ,B.E
MARCH 2013.
DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING.
SRI DURGA DEVI POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE
RSM NAGAR, KAVERAI PETTAI.
2. SRI DURGA DEVI POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE
RSM NAGAR, KAVERAI PETTAI
BONAFIDE CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that this Project work on
“FABRICATION OF PEDAL OPERATED WATER PUMP ”
submitted by …………………… ……………. Reg. No. ……………
in partial fulfillment for the award of
DIPLOMA IN MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
This is the bonafide record of work carried out by him under our supervision
during the year 2013
Submitted for the Viva-voce exam held on ……………..
HOD PROJECT GUIDE
INTERNAL EXAMINER EXTERNAL EXAMINER
4. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
At the outset, we would like to emphasize our sincere thanks to the
Principal Mr. K.LAKHSMANAN,M.E encouragement and valuable
advice.
we thank our Esquired Head of Department Mr. S.JESUDASS M.E for
presenting his felicitations on us.
We are grateful on our Entourages Mr. Z.KHAJA MOIDEEN B.E,
for guiding in various aspects of the project making it a grand success.
We also owe our sincere thanks to all staff members of the
Mechanical Department.
Ultimately, we extend our thanks to all who had rendered their co-
operation for the success of the project.
6. CONTENTS
1. INTRODUCTION
2. SYNOPSIS
3. CONSTRUCTION DETAILS
4. WORKING PRINCIPLE
5. SPARE PARTS DRAWING
6. INTRODUCTION TO PUMP
7. APPLICATION
8. ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES
9. FEATURES OF THIS PROJECT
10. SAFTY,CARE AND MAINTENANCE
11. PAINTING AND FINISHING
12. COST ESTIMATION
13. CONCLUSION
14. BIBLIOGRAPHY
15. PHOTO VIEW
8. INTRODUCTION
This is a self – assessment test on the part of the students to assess his
competency in creativity.
During the course of study, the student is put on a sound theoretical
foundation of various mechanical engineering subjects and of course, to a
satisfactory extent. Opportunities are made available to him to work on
different kinds of machines, so that he is exposed to various kinds of
manufacturing process.
As a students learn more and more his hold on production technology
becomes stronger. He attains a stage of perfection, when he himself is able
to design and fabricate a device.
This is the project work. That is the testimony for the strenuous
training, which the student had in the institute. This assures that he is no
more a student, he is an engineer.
This report discuses the necessity of the project and various aspects of
planning , design, selection of materials, fabrication, erection, estimation and
testing.
10. SYNOPSIS
Hand operated pumps are widely used in
domestic, industrial and commercial applications. The capacity of
this pump varies from 5 feet to 50 feet . higher head pumps are
used for pumping drinking water in villages.
Working principle;
This pump consists of one cylinder , piston two numbers of non
return valve and hand lever. When lever is raised , the piston inside
the cylinder moves down into the cylinder causes water is sucked .
when the lever is lowered or pressed down , the water inside the
cylinder discharged to outlet point.
The pedal is rotated by the foot and hence crank rotates causes the
connect rod oscillated to the lever of the pump . Thus the water is
discharged to the outlet by pedaling the cycle pedal.
12. OBJECTIVE;
To lift the water from the ground floor to first floor of the domestic
building and to avoid the painstaking staircase pot carrying option.
To save the electricity
14. DEFINITION OF PROBLEM;
During summer season , due to water scarcity problem the people
purchasing the water from lorry by collecting the water through their
pots. These pots are carried by the men or women and getting tired when
carrying water through staircase step those who are living in flat system.
When this unit is installed in first floor of the building , the suction pipe is
put in to the water delivery pipe of lorry and water is delivered through
the flexible pipe to the required collecting point by pedaling this unit.
16. SCOPE OF THE PROJECT;
The outstanding advantage of water discharging system from the ground floor to
first floor or discharging the water from the lorry to the collecting point by
simply pedaling this unit .
The water is carried by the flexible tube relieves the stress free painstaking
water carrying through the pot while in staircase walking.
Simple construction and less effort and costless maintenance and anybody can
work this unit.
Operation is very smooth and in this system we can get more output by applying
less effort.
18. PROJECT PLANNING
CONCEPT OF THE PROJECT
Before starting every project its planning is to be done. In a planning
functions are life the functions of nerves in our body. Planning a project is a
very important task and should be taken up with great care as the efficiency
of the whole project largely depends upon its planning, while planning a
project each and every details should be worked out in anticipation should
be carefully considered with all the relative provisions aspects.
PROJECT CAPACITY
The capacity of the project must be decided considering the
amount of money which can be invested. The availability of material and
machines and usefulness of the project.
DESIGN AND DRAWING
Having decided about the project to be manufactured at must be
designed. Design work should be done very considering all the relevant
factors.
After design the project detailed drawing are prepared. Detailed
Specification for raw material and finished products should be decided
Carefully along with the specification of the machine required for the
manufacture.
19. MATERIAL REQUIREMENTS
The list of material required for manufacture is prepared from
the drawing. The list is known as “Bill of materials”. Availability of these
materials is surveyed and purchased from the market.
OPERATION PLANNING
Next work of planning is to “select the best method” manufacture
the product, so that the wastage of materials, labor, machines and time can
be eliminated by considering various methods. The best method is to be
selected for fabrication and other works.
The proper method and proper person and the purposes of operation,
necessity operation, proper machine planning. The best method is the
developed and is applied to fabricate the project.
MACHINE LOADING
While planning proper care should be taken to find the machining
time for the operation as correct as possible. So that arrangement of full use
of machines can be made and the machine loading program can be decided.
PURCHASE CONSIDERATION
It is difficult to manufacture all the components needed for the
project in the machine shop. In each case, we should decide whether to
20. make or buy about a particular item. It is decided during the planning after
making a complete study of relative merits and demerits.
EQUIPMENT PROCEDURE
Results obtained from “operation planning” and machine loading
help in calculating the equipment require Specification of the equipment
should be laid down by considering then drawings. Drawings will also help
in deciding the necessary requirement of tools and accessories.
22. CONSTRUCTION
The project consist of
1. Hand operated pump
2. M.S. . Stand
3. CONNECTING ROD
4. Crank shaft
5. Pedal with shaft
6. Seat
M.S.Stand;
This unit fabricated in M.S. square tube of size 25 x 25 mm and
having thickness 1.8 mm .the operator can pedaled in sitting
position and this seat is elevated to a height of 400 mm at right
side of stand. The pump unit is fitted at the right side of the stand .
the pedals are welded between the seat and pump at the base stand.
23. Connecting rod ;
The connecting rod is used to connect the pump piston and the
crankshaft.this connecting rod is made in mild steel material
having 10mm square rod to a length of 450mm.
Crankshaft;
The purpose of crankshaft is convert the rotary motion into
linear motion . here the crankshaft is made in M.S. Flat of 25mm x
6mm and rotated in pair of sleeve bearing hub on the top of the
base stand. On the other end of the crank foot pedal rod is
connected and the leg is supported on pedal shown in below figure.
24. BICYCLE PEDAL ;
A bicycle pedal is the part of a bicycle that the rider pushes with their foot
to propel the bicycle. It provides the connection between the cyclist's foot
or shoe and the crank allowing the leg to turn the bottom bracket spindle
and propel the bicycle's wheels. Pedals usually consist of a spindle that
threads into the end of the crank and a body, on which the foot rests or is
attached, that is free to rotate on bearings with respect to the spindle.
Pedals were initially attached to cranks connecting directly to the driven
(usually front) wheel. The safety bicycle, as it is known today, came into
being when the pedals were attached to a crank driving a sprocket that
transmitted power to the driven wheel by means of a roller chain
26. Hand operated pumps are widely used in domestic, industrial and
commercial applications. The capacity of this pump varies from 5
feet to 50 feet . higher head pumps are used for pumping drinking
water in villages..
The Mark II is a closed-cylinder pump. The cylinder brass-lined
cast iron with the foot valve and piston assemblies made of
brass. The piston seals are double nitrile rubber cup seals.
27. As you can see in the figure below, the top and bottom of the
piston cylinder are “capped” with threaded reducers. The
diameter of the pump cylinder is larger than the diameter of the
riser main to which it is attached.
Maintenance on any part of the pump cylinder requires that the
riser main and the pump rod be removed from the ground.
The pump rod is galvanized steel and sections are threaded
together.
28. The pump cylinder is threaded onto the last section of riser main
and is removed in its entirety as the last component to come out
of the ground.
The pump cylinder can then be unscrewed from the riser main.
The top and bottom caps can be unscrewed from the cylinder
body to gain access to the foot valve, the piston valve, the piston
seals and anything else inside the cylinder body.
The Mark II water hand pumps are reliable and widely used.
However, for installation and maintenance, tools and skills are
required that may not be available at the village level.
As such, the Mark II is not considered a VLOM pump. It usually
requires a trained area technician to install and maintain a Mark
II pump.
The Mark II hand pump consists of the above-ground mechanism
which includes the pump head, pump handle, water tank, and
pump stand assemblies.
The below-ground mechanism includes the riser main, pump rods
and pump cylinder assembly.
The above-ground mechanism is constructed of welded steel
plate for strength and is hot-dip galvanized for corrosion
resistance. These parts may be locally manufactured.
29. A chain and quadrant mechanism of the pump handle provides
easy and accurate alignment of the connecting rod (see
illustration).
The pump handle has a high mechanical advantage. It is heavy
and is designed to counter balance the weight of the connecting
rods to reduce the pumping effort required from the user.
The handle pivot assembly (sealed ball bearings on a stainless
steel axle) makes operation easier and lowers maintenance
needs.
The pump rods are made of cold drawn bright steel bar with
threaded end couplers, electro-galvanized against corrosion.
Stainless steel rods are also available.
The pump cylinder is made from a cast iron casing with a
polished brass liner and gun metal plunger and check valve
components.
Seals (pump buckets, valve seals and cap seals) are available in
environmentally safe Nitrile rubber.
This pump can be easily adapted for shallow well, windmills and
motorized operations with minor modifications.
How Does a Hand Water Pump Work?
1. The Old Days
30. o Many older homes and farms have utilized the manual
hand water pump. The cast iron housing would bring water to
the surface from a hand-dug rock-lined well. It may have
taken many strokes from the long lever in order to gather just
a gallon of water from the underground source. Although the
manual hand pump may be of an old design, many are still in
use today for wells that are no deeper than 20 to 30 feet in
depth.
Leather
o The round interior of the manual water pump uses a metal
disc that is sealed against the smooth sides of the pumping
chamber. Generally, two discs are used that sandwich a
piece of leather. This leather creates a seal so a suction can
be created inside the chamber. As the handle is "pushed"
downwards, the lever action draws the disc and leather
sandwich up. The upward movement of the disc "sucks" the
liquid into the pumping chamber. When the handle is pulled
upwards the opposite lever action on the disk then forces the
water out of the chamber through a spout located at the top
of the hand pump. Generally, one full cycle of the hand
pump, a single stroke of up and down, may eject only one
glass full of water.
Check Valve
31. o A check valve or a one-way valve is generally used to
keep the suction pipe full of water. The check valve is located
at the bottom of the pipe and inside the well. This suction
pipe is attached to the bottom of the hand pump and is what
conducts the well water to the surface. If a check valve is not
used, the water that in the pipe can drain back into the well.
In order for the hand pump to be used, it must be kept in a
closed circuit of water. If air is allowed to enter the pumping
chamber it must be removed by priming the pump. Priming
the pump can be achieved by filling the pump chamber and
perhaps even the suction pipe with water. This can be
accomplished by pouring water through the exit spout of the
hand pump while stroking the handle up and down. This will
allow the water to fill in the chamber and suction pipe to
remove any unwanted air.
Still In Use
o Many homes in rural areas that use a private well for their
source of water may still employ a hand pump as a backup
device. These reliable pumps can be attached mechanically
to a small windmill or a solar powered motor and be used as
an emergency backup whenever the electrical power may be
disrupted. Even with modern technology, the same basic
design is still used today in the construction and operation of
a manual hand water pump.
32. 2. BEARINGS;
A bearing is a machine element that constrains relative motion between
moving parts to only the desired motion. The design of the bearing may, for
example, provide for free linear movement of the moving part or for free
rotation around a fixed axis; or, it may prevent a motion by controlling the
vectors of normal forces that bear on the moving parts. Bearings are
classified broadly according to the type of operation, the motions allowed, or
to the directions of the loads (forces) applied to the parts.
A journal bearing consists of an approximately cylindrical body around a
rotating shaft. This journal bearing is used either for supporting a radial load,
or simply as a guide for smooth transmission of torque. Most common
applications of bearings are the plain circular bearings type (with a 360
degrees arc). Lubrication usage, on the other hand, range from a simple inlet
hole to axial, circumferential, and helical grooves for efficient lubrication
distribution.
The plain bearing applications include reciprocating sliders, rotating or
oscillating cylindrical members sliding in annular sleeves, and rotating or
rotationally oscillating disks sliding on mating disks.
33. The advantages of plain bearings are as follows:
- lower first cost
- simple design
- small radial space required
- quiet operation
- not so sensitive to dust or grit
- less likely to be subjected to fatigue failure
- easy to replace
Materials:
Plain bearings must be made from a material that is durable, low friction,
low wear to the bearing and shaft, resistant to elevated temperatures, and
corrosion resistant.
34. #Babbitt (metal)
#Bronze
#Graphite
#Plastic-Solid plastic plain bearings are now increasingly popular due to
dry-running lubrication-free behavior. Solid polymer plain bearings are low
weight, corrosion resistant, and maintenance free.
35. 3. Crank rod;
CRANK is a mechanical number. It is connect to the
through follower .Links to hand lever for pump. The crank is
rotated by the cycle pedal . . When the cycle pedal is rotated, the
rotory motion of crank is converted to reciprogating motion of
connecting rod
3.FRAME STAND
First of all the frame is designed and The base is constructed
by using the welded joints and cut the material with the required
size by using hacksaw machine.
The stand frame material is used to mild steel at low cost is
widely and is used
38. WORKING PRINCIPLE
The project consist of
1.Hand operated pump
2.M.S. . Stand
3.CONNECTING ROD
4.Crank shaft
5.Pedal with shaft
6.Seat
1.HAND OPERATED PUMP
Hand operated pumps are widely used in domestic, industrial and
commercial applications. The capacity of this pump varies from 5
feet to 50 feet . higher head pumps are used for pumping drinking
water in villages.
39. Working principle;
This pump consists of one cylinder , piston two numbers of non
return valve and hand lever. When lever is raised , the piston inside
the cylinder moves down into the cylinder causes water is sucked .
when the lever is lowered or pressed down , the water inside the
cylinder discharged to outlet point.
The pedal is rotated by the foot and hence crank rotates causes the
connect rod oscillated to the lever of the pump . Thus the water is
discharged to the outlet by pedaling the cycle pedal.
42. ADVANTAGES
1. Single person is enough to operate this efficiently to pump the water
from the sump..
2. Easy and efficient handling of this unit without wastage of water or
damage to unit, pump and to any other parts.
3. low maintenance cost and life of equipment also increased..
4. Least maintenance of the equipment.
5. Need not require any individual work place.
6. Can be worked in the work spot.
7. Suited for pumping water for 15 feet to 20 feet depth .
44. DISADVANTAGES
• Manual power required to operate .
• The time taken for discharging the water is more when
compared to power unit.
• It cannot be used for more than 50 feet depth ...
48. FINISHING AND PAINTING
JOB PREPARATION
Before welding, remove any bend in the L angle with the sludge
hammer on the anvil block. Then it is cut to the required length with the
hacksaw blade and fabricated to required dimensional shape with arc
welding.
FINISHING OPERATION BEFORE PAINTING
After welding, any slag on the welded area is removed with the
chipping hammer and cleaned with the metal wire brush. Then all the
surfaces are rubbed with the emery sheet.
Metal primer is applied on the surfaces with the brush. After drying the
metal primer, the second coating is applied with the paint.
50. SAFETY,CARE AND MAINTENANCE
Before using the machine, some of the points to be noted for safety purpose,
1. Before starting the operation, check the following items
(1) Check the mechanism for proper operation .
(2) Check the alignment of piston in the unit.
(3) Don’t insert the any material or object between the during
operation of pumping.
(4) Check the leakage of water and pipeline in the unit.
(5) sit carefully while pumping the water .
52. FEATURES OF THIS PROJECT
It is compact in size
It can be move
No electrical power consumption
It can be utilized at our work shop
It is simple in construction
Low cost
Less weight and easy to handle
It reduces the man power
It is simple in operation..
54. RESULT AND DISCUSSION
The various type of pumps are used for pumping the water
from a sump to tank. This is also one of the hand operated pump
which is now operated through the cycle pedal .The operation and
mechanism of this unit and its function have been studied.
At the end, the machine is assembled.
This machine is more advantages of other types of hand pump
since it has more easier to operate comfortable seating
arrangement and good exercise to our body and also less time
consumption, easy handling etc.
56. COST ESTIMATION
1. suction pipe line and connector--------------------200.00
2. Hand pump unit 2800.00
3. Crank rod 600.00
4.M.S. Fabricated BASE unit 1600.00
5. PEDAL & SEAT UNIT 600.00
6. transport cost 200.00
TOTAL COST 6000.00
57. CONCLUSION
CONCLUSION
We make this project entirely different from other projects. Since
concepts involved in our project is entirely different that a single unit is used
to various purposes, which is not developed by any of other team members.
58. By doing this project we gained the knowledge of fabrication work
and how the welding is doing and material selection for particular
components etc.,
It is concluded that any fabrication work can be done with the help of
welding.
We have successfully completed the project work on using welding
work at our Institute.
Once again we express our sincere thanks to our staff members.