This document discusses reciprocating pumps. It defines a reciprocating pump as a positive displacement pump that takes liquid from a low head and discharges it at a high head in small quantities by adding energy. It works by using a piston inside a cylinder that moves back and forth, creating pressure changes that push liquid through intake and discharge valves. The main components are the piston, crank and connecting rod, suction pipe, delivery pipe, and intake and discharge valves. There are two main types: single-acting pumps which use one stroke, and double-acting pumps which use both strokes. Reciprocating pumps can move liquids at high pressures and are useful for handling viscous liquids or solids, but they produce pulsating flow

2. Presented to: Engr.
Saqib manzoor
Presented by : Hamza
ghafoor

3. Topic :Reciprocating pump

4. contents
• What is reciprocating pump
• How they works
• Components of reciprocating pump
• Types of reciprocating pumps
• Advantages &disadvantages

5. WHAT IS RECIPROCATING
PUMP
 Positive displacement pump
Used to take a liquid from low head and by the addition
of energy discharge at high head
Small quantity of liquid

6. HOW THEY WORKS

8. Components of Reciprocating
Pump
• Piston
• Crank and Connecting rod
• Suction pipe
• Delivery pipe
• Suction and Delivery valve

9. Piston
o Lubricated sliding shaft which moves inside the cylinder
o Pushes the liquid in forward and backward motion
creating a cavity and a high volume pressure at the
outlet. .

10. Crank and Connecting rod
• Crank is a circular disk attached to the motor and used
to transfer the rotary motion of the motor to the piston.
Piston, in turn, moves in a reciprocating motion with
help of a connecting rod

11. Suction pipe
• Liquid flows from this pipe into the cylinder. One side
of the pipe is immersed in the liquid and the other end
is connected to the cylinder

12. Delivery pipe
• This can be understood as an outlet pipe. One end is
connected to the cylinder while the other is towards the
discharge/Outlet

13. Suction and Delivery valve
• It adjusts the rate of the flow of liquid at the suction
and discharge points

14. PARTS

15. Types of Reciprocating pumps
• Single-acting reciprocating pump
• Double-acting reciprocating pump

16. Single-acting reciprocating pump
• This has one suction valve and one discharge valve.
When the piston is moved backward, suction happens
and when it moves forward, the delivery valve opens up
to discharge the liquid.

17. Double-acting reciprocating pump
• Two suction and delivery valves. When the piston is
moved forward or backward, with each stroke, both
suction and expulsion happen simultaneously. Thus it
requires two inflow pipes and two outflow pipes. Some
of the common applications of these kinds of pumps
are in Salt Water Disposal, and Oil & Gas Pipelines.

18. Factors that determine the
efficiency of a Reciprocating Pump
• Brake Horsepower (BHP): How much is the actual
power requirement at the input shaft to achieve a desired
pressure and flow.
• Capacity: It can be defined as the total volume of
liquid/flow delivered per unit of time.
• Slips: Slip is the capacity loss as a fraction or percentage
of the suction capacity.

19. • Mechanical efficiency: Its working at full load pressure
and speed is 90% to 95% depending on the size, speed,
and construction.
• Pressure: Mainly, the suction and the discharge pressure
in a pump.
• Displacement: Also known as GPM, it is the calculated
capacity of the pump with no slip losses

20. TYPES OF RECIPROCATING
PUMP
• PLUNGER
• PISTON
• DIAPHRAM

21. Piston pump
Discharge pressure up to 50 atm…
It’s application is areas where high pressure is required… it is not
necessary that every P.D pump be of 50 atm

22. Plunger pump
• Used to produce 1500 atm or more…
• Usually motor driven and single acting…

23. Diaphragm pump
1.flexible diaphragm is used
(rubber, thermo-plastic, metal).
2. Can be used to make artificial hearts.
3. Can handle highly viscous liquids.
4.Can handle toxic or corrosive liquids.
5. 97% efficient

25. ADVANTAGES
• High delivery head
• High viscosity
• Solids handle capability
• High pressure
• Efficiency 90%

26. DISADVANTAGES
• Pulsation flow
• Low discharging capacity
• High Maintenance
• Short Life