This document provides an overview of the construction and working of centrifugal pumps. It describes the key components of a centrifugal pump as an impeller and casing. The impeller transfers energy from the motor and accelerates the fluid outward, while the casing converts the velocity to a controlled flow out of the pump. It works on the principle of centrifugal force by generating low pressure inside the casing as the impeller rotates, causing fluid at high pressure to flow in and be pushed out. Centrifugal pumps are classified by flow type and widely used in industries like petroleum, pharmaceuticals, and power plants to transport fluids.

1. CONSTRUCTION AND WORKING OF
CENTRIFUGAL PUMP
Name : Shubham Laxman Chavanke
Department : Engineering Sciences
Class : FY BTech (Electrical Engineering)

2. CONTENT
• Introduction
• Components
• Construction
• Working Principle
• Working
• Types
• Advantages
• Applications
• Conclusion
• References
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3. INTRODUCTION
Centrifugal pump is an mechanical
device used to transport fluids by
converting the rotational kinetic
energy which typically comes from
electric motor to the
hydrodynamics energy of the fluid.
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4. COMPONENTS
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5. CONSTRUCTION
• The construction of Centrifugal Pump is briefly divided into two parts :
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• Impeller :
• It transfers the energy from the motor that
drives the pump.
• It accelerates fluid outward from the center
of rotation.
• Casing :
• It converts all of the velocity created by the
rotating impeller a controlled and stable flow.
• It directs the flow out of the pump through
the discharge point.

6. WORKING PRINCIPLE
• Centrifugal pump works on the principle of centrifugal force.
• Low pressure is generated inside the casing with the help of impeller
rotation, whereas the fluid in the suction nozzle have high pressure.
• Hence the fluid flows from high pressure to low pressure and enters
the casing.
• This fluid is pushed out into the discharge nozzle.
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7. WORKING
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8. WORKING (Cont…)
• From left to right; water enters the impeller through the suction
nozzle, where kinetic energy will be applied to the liquid through
turning of the shaft.
• The chasing keeps the water within the system, while the
mechanical seals make sure there is no leakage.
• The bearing reduces the friction between the moving and stationary
parts and is found in several places within a pumping system.
• The water exits at the discharge nozzle.
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9. TYPES
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Centrifugal pumps are classified into three types based on flow:
• Radial flow – The liquid is pushed out in the direction perpendicular to
the pump shaft.
• Axial flow – The liquid is pushed out in the direction parallel to the pump
shaft.
• Mixed flow - The liquid is pushed out in both perpendicular and parallel
directions to the pump shaft.

10. ADVANTAGES
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• Simple construction.
• Low initial cost.
• Low maintenance cost.
• Deal with large volume.
• Widely used for coolgy liquid.

11. APPLICATIONS
Widely used in :
• Petroleum Industry.
• Pharmaceuticals Industry.
• Steel Industry.
• Diary Industry.
• Power Plants.
• Waste water treatment plant.
• In house water supply.
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12. CONCLUSION
• The centrifugal pump is very effective, efficient and reliable
equipment for pumping the fluids.
• A centrifugal pump is a machine that changes kinetic energy into
the fluid's pressure head.
• The external power source is required for rotation of the pump
impeller.
• It is very easy to handle and control.
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13. REFERENCES
• Karassik, I. J., Messina, J. P., Cooper, P., & Heald, C. C. (2008). Pump handbook.
McGraw-Hill Education.
• Girdhar, P., & Moniz, O. (2011). Practical centrifugal pumps. Elsevier.
• Bachus, L., & Custodio, A. (Eds.). (2003). Know and understand centrifugal
pumps. Elsevier.
• Fausing Olesen, J., & Shaker, H. R. (2020). Predictive maintenance for pump
systems and thermal power plants: State-of-the-art review, trends and
challenges. Sensors, 20(8), 2425.
• Sherwell, T. Y., & Pennington, R. (1932). Centrifugal Pump Characteristics:
Performance, Construction, and Cost. Proceedings of the Institution of
Mechanical Engineers, 123(1), 621-708.
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14. Thank You