Optimize guide catheter support
Fabrice Leroy, Lille, France
11th Experts Live CTO
The annual Euro CTO meeting
September 13th –14th, 2019 - Berlin, Germany
Optimize guide catheter support
Fabrice Leroy, Lille, France
11th Experts Live CTO
The annual Euro CTO meeting
September 13th –14th, 2019 - Berlin, Germany
Percutaneous balloon dilatation, first described by
Andreas Gruentzig in 1979, was initially performed
without the use of guidewires.1 The prototype
balloon catheter was developed as a double lumen
catheter (one lumen for pressure monitoring or
distal perfusion, the other lumen for balloon inflation/deflation) with a short fixed and atraumatic
guidewire at the tip. Indeed, initially the technique
involved advancing a rather rigid balloon catheter
freely without much torque control into a coronary
artery. Bends, tortuosities, angulations, bifurcations,
and eccentric lesions could hardly, if at all, be negotiated, resulting in a rather frustrating low procedural success rate whenever the initial limited
indications (proximal, short, concentric, noncalcified) were negated.2 Luck was almost as
important as expertise, not only for the operator,
but also for the patient. It is to the merit of
Simpson who, in 1982, introduced the novelty of
advancing the balloon catheter over a removable
guidewire, which had first been advanced in the
target vessel.3 This major technical improvement
resulted overnight in a notable increase in the procedural success rate. Guidewires have since evolved
into very sophisticated devices.
Diagnostic catheters for coronary angiography Aswin Rm
Overview of diagnostic catheters used in coronary angiography
Guide catheters not included
History of coronary catheters
Radial techniques and catheters
Retrograde approach step-by-step
Kambis Mashayekhi, Bad Krozingen, Germany
11th Experts Live CTO
The annual Euro CTO meeting
September 13th –14th, 2019 - Berlin, Germany
Catheters used in Angiography & angioplastySatya Shukla
Guide catheters are essential tools for Pecutaneous
Coronary Intervention
• Understanding construction, design & performance
characteristics facilitate their appropriate selection
• Selection of Guide catheters seems elementary but
makes the difference between a successful and failed
PCI procedure
This is a comprehensive description of coronay lesion assessment from routinely used angiography to advanced imaging modalities like IVUS/OCT including their functional significance by FFR
Percutaneous balloon dilatation, first described by
Andreas Gruentzig in 1979, was initially performed
without the use of guidewires.1 The prototype
balloon catheter was developed as a double lumen
catheter (one lumen for pressure monitoring or
distal perfusion, the other lumen for balloon inflation/deflation) with a short fixed and atraumatic
guidewire at the tip. Indeed, initially the technique
involved advancing a rather rigid balloon catheter
freely without much torque control into a coronary
artery. Bends, tortuosities, angulations, bifurcations,
and eccentric lesions could hardly, if at all, be negotiated, resulting in a rather frustrating low procedural success rate whenever the initial limited
indications (proximal, short, concentric, noncalcified) were negated.2 Luck was almost as
important as expertise, not only for the operator,
but also for the patient. It is to the merit of
Simpson who, in 1982, introduced the novelty of
advancing the balloon catheter over a removable
guidewire, which had first been advanced in the
target vessel.3 This major technical improvement
resulted overnight in a notable increase in the procedural success rate. Guidewires have since evolved
into very sophisticated devices.
Diagnostic catheters for coronary angiography Aswin Rm
Overview of diagnostic catheters used in coronary angiography
Guide catheters not included
History of coronary catheters
Radial techniques and catheters
Retrograde approach step-by-step
Kambis Mashayekhi, Bad Krozingen, Germany
11th Experts Live CTO
The annual Euro CTO meeting
September 13th –14th, 2019 - Berlin, Germany
Catheters used in Angiography & angioplastySatya Shukla
Guide catheters are essential tools for Pecutaneous
Coronary Intervention
• Understanding construction, design & performance
characteristics facilitate their appropriate selection
• Selection of Guide catheters seems elementary but
makes the difference between a successful and failed
PCI procedure
This is a comprehensive description of coronay lesion assessment from routinely used angiography to advanced imaging modalities like IVUS/OCT including their functional significance by FFR
Is ASFA Digital the right answer to the Spanish signalling industry? Authors Dr Jaime Tamarit and Dr Jorge-Ignacio Iglesias analyse the signalling systems in the Spanish Railway Network.
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2018. január 1-jével hatályba lép a Polgári perrendtartásról szóló új törvény, komoly erőpróba elé állítva a jogalkalmazásban résztvevőket. A három részből álló (több mint 15 óra időtartamú) előadássorozatunk segítséget nyújt, hogy még a hatályba lépés előtt megismerhessük a törvény megalkotásához vezető új koncepciót, a hatékony és gyors eljárás célját megvalósítani szándékozó új intézményeket, szabályokat.
Orthodontic wires are used to carry out the necessary tooth movements as part of orthodontic treatment. A variety of materials are used to produce orthodontic wires. The archwire has been an integral part of the orthodontic appliance, and the high esthetic demand by the patient, along with the introduction of composite and ceramic brackets initiated research for esthetic archwires to go with these brackets. Esthetic archwires available are composite, optiflex and coated archwires. Appropriate use of all the available wire types may enhance patient comfort and reduce chairside time as well as the duration of treatment. The individual clinician must always know and understand the needs and options at every stage of therapy
The art of orthodontics involves correction of the position of teeth and the relation of craniofacial structures.
The Teeth are moved by the use of forces and moments, which are delivered through the use of various types of wires.
From the beginning of the profession, different types of wires have been introduced to provide forces to move teeth.
Light and Continuous Forces have always been sought, and operators have tried to achieve this in a variety of ways.
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Recent advances in orthodontic wires /certified fixed orthodontic courses by ...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
Kambis Mashayekhi: Microcatheter selection and manipulation- How to make the ...Euro CTO Club
14th Experts Live CTO
September 2nd - 3rd, 2022 - Mainz, Germany
Main Session - Lunch Symposium by Asahi:
Road to CTO expert 2022 – how to build your CTO toolkit
Microcatheter selection and manipulation- How to make the right choice
Kambis Mashayekhi, Lahr, Germany
Room:
Guteberg Hall (Auditorium) - Saturday 13:30
Speaker:
Gerald Werner, Darmstadt, Germany;
Kambis Mashayekhi, Lahr, Germany;
Jo Dens, Genk, Belgium;
Gregor Leibundgut, Bâle, Suisse
Notes on Wire rope, Construction/type of wire rope, Testing of wire rope, Application of wire rope, Safety factor, Examination of wire rope, Care & Maintenance, Rope splicing, Tucking, Rope Capel, Reliance Capel, Deterioration of rope, Maximising the life of rope behalf of mining
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Function is to store and secrete a clear, slightly alkaline fluid that constitutes 10-30% of the volume of the seminal fluid that along with the spermatozoa, constitutes semen
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Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnatakaaddon Scans
As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
Dr. Vidisha Kumari, a leading epidemiologist in Bangalore, emphasizes the importance of getting vaccinated. "The flu vaccine is our best defense against the influenza virus. It not only protects individuals but also helps prevent the spread of the virus in our communities," he says.
This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots.
To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare.
Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself.
Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places.
Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages.
Stay informed, stay safe, and get your flu shot today!
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Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex System Analysis, S...Oleg Kshivets
RESULTS: Overall life span (LS) was 2252.1±1742.5 days and cumulative 5-year survival (5YS) reached 73.2%, 10 years – 64.8%, 20 years – 42.5%. 513 LCP lived more than 5 years (LS=3124.6±1525.6 days), 148 LCP – more than 10 years (LS=5054.4±1504.1 days).199 LCP died because of LC (LS=562.7±374.5 days). 5YS of LCP after bi/lobectomies was significantly superior in comparison with LCP after pneumonectomies (78.1% vs.63.7%, P=0.00001 by log-rank test). AT significantly improved 5YS (66.3% vs. 34.8%) (P=0.00000 by log-rank test) only for LCP with N1-2. Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: phase transition (PT) early-invasive LC in terms of synergetics, PT N0—N12, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells- CC and blood cells subpopulations), G1-3, histology, glucose, AT, blood cell circuit, prothrombin index, heparin tolerance, recalcification time (P=0.000-0.038). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and PT early-invasive LC (rank=1), PT N0—N12 (rank=2), thrombocytes/CC (3), erythrocytes/CC (4), eosinophils/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), segmented neutrophils/CC (8), stick neutrophils/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10); leucocytes/CC (11). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (area under ROC curve=1.0; error=0.0).
CONCLUSIONS: 5YS of LCP after radical procedures significantly depended on: 1) PT early-invasive cancer; 2) PT N0--N12; 3) cell ratio factors; 4) blood cell circuit; 5) biochemical factors; 6) hemostasis system; 7) AT; 8) LC characteristics; 9) LC cell dynamics; 10) surgery type: lobectomy/pneumonectomy; 11) anthropometric data. Optimal diagnosis and treatment strategies for LC are: 1) screening and early detection of LC; 2) availability of experienced thoracic surgeons because of complexity of radical procedures; 3) aggressive en block surgery and adequate lymph node dissection for completeness; 4) precise prediction; 5) adjuvant chemoimmunoradiotherapy for LCP with unfavorable prognosis.
Ozempic: Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Saeid Safari
Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists like Ozempic and Semiglutide
ASA GUIDELINE
NYSORA Guideline
2 Case Reports of Gastric Ultrasound
4. Structure of guidewires
- Core material - Tip style
- Core diameter - Covers and coils
- Core taper - Coating
5. The Core of the wire
• It is the inner part of the wire.
• The proximal end is predominantly made of steel.
• The shorter distal end is generally either stainless steel,
nitinol or durasteel .
• Core material determines properties such as tip load,
flexibility, steerability, trackability, and support.
6. • The thickness of the core directly corresponds to the
support of the wire; the thicker the core, the higher the
support and the less the flexibility.
• Core tapering
• Long taper
• Short taper
7. Core Tapering
Gradual or long tapers
produce a wire with
less support but which
tracks successfully .
Abrupt or short tapers
produce a wire which
provides greater support
but also greater
tendency to prolapse.
8. Tip of the wire
• Core to tip design:
Good tactile feedback and tip
control with a torque rate close
to 1:1
• Shaping ribbon design:
Good shape retention and a
unique softness and flexibility
of the tip, although at the cost
of less tip torque control
9. • Taperd tip:
• Conventional wires are
typically 0.014 inches in outer
diameter from the proximal
end up to the distal tip.
• In more dedicated wires
tapering of the tip facilitates
penetration.
10. • Coils (shape retention
and proper tactile
feedback
• Polymer (plastic) cover
gives excellent lubricity
trackability with less
tactile feed back.
Coil and Cover
11. Coating of the wire
• Hydrophilic coating:
• Create a slippery ‘gel-like’ surface.
• It makes the wire more lubricous and easier to advance.
• Less tactile feedback.
• Hydrophobic coating:
• Repels water to create a ‘wax-like’ surface which enhances
tactile feedback but decreases slipperiness and trackability
• Hybrid coatings:
• Combine hydrophobic tip coils for tactile feedback and tip
control with hydrophilic intermediate coils for smooth device
delivery..
12.
13. Specifications of guidewires
• The specifications of a guidewire can be described using
the following terminology:
• Torquability: The measured ability of a rotating element,
like a shaft, to overcome turning resistance. The ultimate
goal of achieving 1:1 steering.
• Trackability, deliverability or crossing: The wire’s ability to
follow the tip and to be advanced smoothly along the
vessel, through stenoses or even occlusions.
14. • Tactile feedback: The kind of response the operator can
detect regarding any resistance in torque or advancement
occurring at the tip.
• Tip load or tip stiffness: Tip load is a measure of the force
needed to buckle the tip when forced against a standard
surface. The tip load of available guidewires typically
varies between the range of 0.5–15 g.
15. • Support: A measure of a guidewire’s resistance to a
bending force.
• A more supportive wire can aid in device delivery and
vessel straightening, while a less supportive wire can aid
in accessing through tortuous anatomy.
16.
17.
18. ASAHI SION
First choice guide wire with a flexible shaft and full hydrophilic
coating, recommended for tortuous vessels and side
branches.
19. ASAHI SION BLUE
Frontline guide wire with great tip flexibility and support for a safer
procedure up to the stent delivery.
20. ASAHI SION BLACK
Frontline guide wire with a polymer jacket designed to retain
flexibility while crossing high resistance stenosis and vessels.
21. ASAHI fielder FC
Fine control over challenging tortuous vessels and highly stenosed
lesions. Polymer sleeve provides advanced slip performance with
superior torque and support.
22. ASAHI fielder XT
Is a polymer sleeve covered wire providing excellent lubricity
and trackability in tortuous vessels. The tapered tip provides
extreme precision for the treatment of complex lesions such as
sub-total occlusions and long diffused lesions.
23. ASAHI Fielder XT-R
Guide wire recommended for narrow channel tracking with
its low profile, flexible tip, and high lubricity polymer coating.
24. ASAHI Fielder XT-A
Guide wire with a higher tip load than Fielder XT-R, facilitating
entry into the chronic occluded lesion.
28. ASAHI Gaia Family
Guide wires with a high manoeuvrability in the chronic occluded
lesion, and a tip designed to improve penetrability into the lesion
while remaining flexible.
33. ASAHI CONFIANZA PRO
A tapered tip guide wire available in 9gf and 12gf Tip loads. For
penetration of calcification and proximal or distal thick, fibrous
caps. The distal tip is not coated to allow it to catch on the entry
point of the lesion.
36. Which wire for which lesion?
• It depends on:
• Vessel anatomy (tortuous, Angulated, …
• Lesion morphology (simple lesion, subtotal occlusion, CTO,
• The device to be used (balloon, stent, IVUS, rotabalator,..)
• Operators experience and preferences
37. Simple lesions (Workhorse
wire)
• Short, concentric stenoses in
the presence of a
traightforward anatomy.
• Safe wire (atraumatic tip)
• Favourable torquability and
trackability.
• BMW, Choice floppy, ASAHI
soft,
38. Tortuous anatomy
• In the case of severe tortuosity the
emphasis needs to be placed on flexibility,
lubricity and excellent trackability.
• The best choice might be a wire with a
polymer/hydrophilic cover.
• Soft tip is more favourable, since the risk of
vessel injury over multiple bends is
increased with a stiffer tip.
• Therefore our first choice for such anatomy
would be the BMW, the IQ, the ChoICE
Floppy, the Whisper MS or the Pilot 50.
39. Bifurcations
• Jailed Wires; attention in jailing
polymer covrerd wire due to risk of
stripping the cover during retrieval..
• Recrossing the stent struts to enter
a jailed branch needs a floppy and
slippery wire with good torquability
and trackability.
• Choice for bifurcation can be BMW,
the IQ, the ChoICE Floppy, Choice
PT the Whisper MS, the Pilot 50,
Whisper ES
40. Acute or recent thrombotic occlusions
• BMW, IQ, or the ChoICE
Floppy workhorse wires
usually successful.
• Hydrophilic wires with a higher
tip load (Whisper MS or the
Pilot 50) may slightly increase
the risk of subintimal dissection,
although their use may be
favourable when occlusion
occurs within a tight stenosis or
tortuous coronary segment
41. Wires in coronary dissection
• Usually floppy, coiled tip
workhorse wire succeed
bypass the dissection and
navigate to the true lumen
(BMW, IQ and choice floppy).
• Avoid the polymer covered
slippery wires because they
tend to go through the sub-
intimal plane.
43. Sliding
• Micro-channels
• CTO < 6 month
• STAR technique
• Hydrophilic coated and polymer
covered wires
• Fielder, Fielder XT, Fielder FC
• Whisper, Pilot 50, and Choice
PT
44. Contolled drilling
• CTO with discrete entry point
after failure of initial attempt
with soft (intermediated wire)
• Stiff, hydrophobic non
tapered wires,
• Miracles / Miraclebros
45. Penetration
• Blunt entry point
• Heavy calcific or resistent
lesions
• Alternative to drilling as
workhorse technique after
failure of initial soft wire
• Superstiff taperd wires:
• Conquest /confianza (9 g, 12
g)
• Cross it XT 400
• MircalesBros 12
46. Retrograde approach
• Collateral crossing:
• Soft polymer coated wires either
tapered, such as Fielder XT-R, or
non-tapered, such as Sion black
wire or Whisper LS.
• Attacking Among the most
frequently used retrograde
wires are Miraclebros 3, Gaia
1 and Gaia 2 over the closely
positioned microcatheter.
• Wire Externalizations:
ASAHI RG3, Prowater Flex
48. Take home message
• A lot of available guidewires with variable characters and
specifications.
• Improper choice of guidewire may not only prolong the
procedure, but also compromise its success.
• Operators therefore need to be aware of the most basic
properties and technical background of guidewires, and be
familiar (by hands and mind) with at least half a dozen of
them.
Editor's Notes
The balloon and the guidewire were advanced as a single unit with limited manoeuvrability.
Steel has good torquability and less flexibility while Nitinol has more flexibility but less torquability
Wide difference range highlights the importance of choosing the proper device for the proper anatomy, and balancing safety with efficacy.
The thickness of the core material is the predominant source of support properties.