Quantitative and qualitative research are two formal approaches to research. Quantitative research involves collecting and analyzing numerical data to establish relationships between variables, while qualitative research uses subjective interpretation to understand human experiences. Both approaches involve identifying a research problem, reviewing literature, collecting and analyzing data, and disseminating findings, but they differ in how variables are defined, what type of data is collected, and how that data is analyzed.

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3. Quantitative research is a formal objective, systematic
process for generating information about the world.
Quantitative research is conducted to describe new
situation, events or concepts.
In quantitative research study, variables are preselected
& defined by investigator, the data is collected &
quantified (that is translated in numbers), & then
statistically analysed, often with view to establish cause
–and-effect relationship among the variables.
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4. This process is an orderly way of dealing with a
research problem, where variables are generally
studied in numerical (quantitative) form.
The research process starts with the identification &
formulation of research problem & ends with the
dissemination of research finding.
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5. Formulation of
research problem
Determining study
objectives
Review of literature
Developing
conceptual
framework
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6. Formulating
hypothesis/assumption
Selecting research
approach/design
Specifying the
population
Developing tools for
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7. Establishing ethical
consideration
Conducting pilot study/
tryout of tool
Sample selection
Data collection
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8. Preparing data for
analysis
Analysis & interpretation
of data
Disseminating the
research findings
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10. Qualitative research is a systematic & subjective
approach to describe events of life experiences, &
to give them intended meanings.
Qualitative research is an
interdisciplinary, transdisciplinary, & sometimes
counterdisciplinary field.
It is committed to the naturalistic perspective to
the interpretative understanding of human
experiences.
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11. It not only helps to unearth hidden facts, but also
to exploring attitude, emotions, beliefs, sensitive
issues, opinions, concepts processes, &
relationships of people.
The process of qualitative research is relatively less
formally planned, where planning & execution of
research moves hand in hand.
Steps of qualitative research process are slightly
different from that of quantitative research.
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12. Identifying research
problem area
Formulating broad study
objectives
Review of literature
Entry in research setting
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13. Selecting research
approach/design
Select a small sample
Establishing ethical
consideration
Plan tools for data collection
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14. Data collection
Organize data for analysis
Analysis & interpretation of
data
Disseminating the research
findings
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