Swine flu

Nursing Path
www.drjayeshpatidar.blogspot.com
5/19/2018 1

INTRODUCTION
 SWINE INFLUENZA IS
ALSO CALLED AS
SWINE FLU, HOG FLU
AND PIG FLU.
5/19/2018 2www.drjayeshpatidar.blogspot.com

INTRODUCTION
 IT IS AN INFECTION
OF A HOST ANIMAL
BY ANY ONE OF
SEVERAL SPECIFIC
TYPES OF
MICROSCOPIC
ORGANISIM CALLED
SWINE INFLUENZA
VIRUS.

CLASSIFICATION
 THERE ARE THREE
GENERA OF
INFLUENZA VIRUSES.
 INFLUENZA A VIRUS
 INFLUENZA B VIRUS
 INFLUENZA C VIRUS

HISTORY
 SWINE FLU WAS FIRST PROPOSED TO A
DISEASE RELATED TO HUMAN INFLUENZA
DURING 1918 WHEN PIGS BECAME SICK AT
THE SAME TIME AS HUMANS.
 IN 1930 CAUSE OF DISEASE IN PIGS
OCCURRED.
 FOR 60 YEARS THE STRAINS WERE
EXCLUSIVELY H1N1.

HISTORY

CONTD
 BETWEEN 1997 & 2002 NEW STRAINS OF
THREE DIFFERENT SUB TYPES AND FIVE
DIFFERENT GENOTYPE EMERGED.
 THE STRAINS OF GENES DERIVED FROM
HUMAN, SWINE AND AVIAN VIRUSES
HAVE BECOME A MAJOR CAUSE OF
SWINE INFLUENZA.

Contd
 IN 1918 VIRUS HAVE
CIRCULATED IN HUMANS
THROUGH 20th
CENTURY.
 DIRECT TRANSMISSION
FROM PIGS TO HUMAN IS
RARE.
 SWINE FLU HAS
ZOONOSIS IN HUMAN.
 FOUR STRAINS OF
INFLUENZA A VIRUS
SUBTYPE H1N1
INCLUDING 1 STRAIN
ENDEMIC IN HUMAN 1 IN
BIRDS

TRANSMISSION BETWEEN PIGS
 INFLUENZA IS COMMON IN PIGS.
 THE MAIN ROUTE OF TRANSMISSION IS
THROUGH DIRECT CONTACT BETWEEN
INFECTED AND UNINFECTED.
 DIRECT TRANSFER OCCURS EITHER BY
PIGS TOUCHING NOSES OR THROUGH
DRIED MUCUS.

TRANSMISSION TO HUMANS
 PEOPLE WHO WORK
WITH POULTRY AND
SWINE ARE AT
INCREASED RISK OF
ZOONOTIC
INFECTION WITH
INFLUENZA VRIUS.

CONTD
•VACCINATION OF
WORKERS AGAINST
INFLUENZA ARE
IMPORTANT PUBLIC
HEALTH MEASURE.
•PROFESSIONAL
VETERINARIANS ARE
AT RISK OF
INFECTION

INTERACTION WITH AVIAN H5N1
 PIGS ARE UNUSUAL AS THEY INFECTED
WITH INFLUENZA STRAINS WHICH
INFECT 3 DIFFERENT SPECIES:
PIGS,BIRDS AND HUMANS.
 AVIAN INFLUENZA VIRUS H3N2 IS
ENDEMIC IN PIGS IN CHINA AND
DETECTED IN PIGS IN VIETNAM.
 ACCORDING TO DR. P. HABER IS
CAUSED BY IMMUNOPATHOLOGICAL
REACTION.

1998 US OUT BREAK IN SWINE
 IN 1998 SWINE FLU WAS FOUNDD IN
PIGS IN FOUR U.S. STATES.
 OUTBREAK CONFIRMED THAT PIGS CAN
SERVE AS CRUCIBLE WHER NOVEL
INFLUENZA VIRUSES EMERGE AS A
RESULT OF THE REASSORTMENT OF
GENES FROM DIFFERENT STRAINS.

2009 OUTBREAK IN HUMANS
 THE 2009 FLU OUTBREAK IS DUE TO A
NEW STRAINS OF SUBTYPE H1N1.
 “WHO” DIRECTOR DECLARED A “PUBLIC
HEALTH EMERGENCY OF
INTERNATIONAL CONCERN” UNDER
RULES OF “WHO’S” NEW INTERNATIONAL
HEALTH REGULATIONS WHEN

SIGN AND SYMPTOMS IN SWINE
 LETHARGY,
SNEEZING
COUGHING
DIFFICULTY IN
BREATHING AND
DECREASED
APPETITE.

 INFECTION CAN LEAD ABORTION.
 MORTALITY IS LOW .
 VIRUS CAN PRODUCE WEIGHT LOSS
AND POOR GROWTH.
 12 POUNDS OF BODY WEIGHT LOSE
WITHIN 3 TO 4 WEEK PERIOD.

SIGN AND SYMPTOMS IN HUMANS
 ACCORDING TO CDC AND PREVENTION , IN
HUMANS THE SYMPTONS OF THE 2009 “SWINE
FLU” H1N1 VIRUS ARE SIMILAR TO THE
INFLUENZA.
 CDC ADVISED PHYSICIANS TO CONSIDER
SWINE FLU INFECTION IN THE DIFFERENTIAL
DIAGNOSIS OF PATIENT WITH ACUTE FEBRILE
RESPIRATORY ILLNESS WHO HAVE BEEN
CONTACT WITH INFECTED.
 DIAGNOSED IS ONLY CONFIRMED AFTER
LABORATORY TESTING OF RESPIRATORY
SAMPLE.

PREVENTION
 PERSONAL HYGIENE
 NUTRITION
 MEDICATION

THANK
YOU

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