The document discusses research design and its various elements. It defines research design as a blueprint for conducting research that describes the research approach, study setting, sampling techniques, data collection methods, and data analysis plan. The key elements of research design include the type of research approach (qualitative or quantitative), population and sampling, data collection methods, and data analysis. Factors that influence research design selection include the nature of the research problem, purpose of the study, resources, and ethics. Different types of research designs are also outlined, including experimental, quasi-experimental, non-experimental, and mixed-methods designs.

1. PRESENTED BY,
MS. DHARA VYAS
M.SC. NURSING (PEDIATRICS)
7/20/2020 1MS.DHARA VYAS, ASSISTANT PROFESSOR, DPCN

2. Definition:
Research design can be defined as a
blue print to conduct a research study,
which involves the description of
research approach, study setting,
sampling technique, sample size, tools,
and method of data collection and
analysis to answer a specific research
question.
7/20/2020 2MS.DHARA VYAS, ASSISTANT PROFESSOR, DPCN

3. Elements of research
design:Elements
The
approach-
Qualitative,
quantitative
Population,
sample
and
sampling
techniqque
The time,
place, and
source of
data
collection
Tools and
methods of
data
collection
Methods of
the data
analysis
7/20/2020 3MS.DHARA VYAS, ASSISTANT PROFESSOR, DPCN

4. Factors affecting selection
of research design
Nature of research problem
Purpose of the study
Researcher’s knowledge and
experience
Researcher’s interest and motivation
Research ethics and principles
7/20/2020 4MS.DHARA VYAS, ASSISTANT PROFESSOR, DPCN

5. Factors affecting selection
of research design
Subjects/participant
Resources
Time
Possible control on extraneous variables
Users of the study finding
7/20/2020 5MS.DHARA VYAS, ASSISTANT PROFESSOR, DPCN

6. ESSENTIAL
CHARACTERISTICS:
7/20/2020 6MS.DHARA VYAS, ASSISTANT PROFESSOR, DPCN

7. Validity of research design:
Internal validity:
History
Maturation of subject
Testing
Instrumentation chage
Mortality
Selection bias
7/20/2020 7MS.DHARA VYAS, ASSISTANT PROFESSOR, DPCN

8. External validity:
Hawthorne effect
Experimental effect
Reactive effect of pretest
Novelty effect
People
Place
Time
7/20/2020 8MS.DHARA VYAS, ASSISTANT PROFESSOR, DPCN

9. Types of research design
Quantitative
research
Experimental
research
Non
experimental
Qualitative research
Phenomenological
research
Ethnographic
research
Grounded theory
Case studies
Historical research
7/20/2020 9MS.DHARA VYAS, ASSISTANT PROFESSOR, DPCN

10. Experimental research
True experimental
Post test only control group design
Pre test post test control group design
Solomon four group design
Factorial design
Randomized block design
Cross over design
7/20/2020 10MS.DHARA VYAS, ASSISTANT PROFESSOR, DPCN

11. Experimental
research
Quasi-experimental
Nonrandomization
control group
Time series
design
Pre-experimental
design
One shot case study
One group pre test
post test design
7/20/2020 11MS.DHARA VYAS, ASSISTANT PROFESSOR, DPCN

12. Post test only control design
Random
assignment
Exp. Group Treatment Post test
Control
Group
------- Post test
7/20/2020 12MS.DHARA VYAS, ASSISTANT PROFESSOR, DPCN

13. Pretest-posttest only design
Random
assignment
Exp. Group Pretest Treatment Post test
Control
group
Pretest ----- Post test
7/20/2020 13MS.DHARA VYAS, ASSISTANT PROFESSOR, DPCN

14. Solomon four group design
Random
assignment
Exp. Group
1
Pretest Treatment Post test
Control
Group 1
Pretest ----- Post test
Exp. Group
2
----- Treatment Post test
Control
Group 2
------- ----- Post test
7/20/2020 14MS.DHARA VYAS, ASSISTANT PROFESSOR, DPCN

15. Factorial Design
Frequency of
mouth care
Protocol of the mouth care
Chlorhexidine
(A-1)
Saline (A-2)
4 hourly B1 A1 – B1 A2 – B1
6 hourly B2 AI – B2 A2– B2
8 hourly B3 A1 - B3 A2- B3
7/20/2020 15MS.DHARA VYAS, ASSISTANT PROFESSOR, DPCN

16. Randomized block design
Types Of
Antihypertensive
Drug
Blocks Blocks Blocks
Pateient With
Primary
Hypertension
Diabetic
Patients With
Hypertension
Renal Patient
With
Hypertension
A A,1 A,2 A3
B B,1 B,2 B3
C C,1 C,2 C3
7/20/2020 16MS.DHARA VYAS, ASSISTANT PROFESSOR, DPCN

17. Crossover design
GROUPS PROTOCOL OF THE
MOUTH CARE
PROTOCOL OF
THE MOUTH
CARE
GROUP I CHORHEXIDINE SALINE
GROUP II SALINE CHORHEXIDINE
7/20/2020 17MS.DHARA VYAS, ASSISTANT PROFESSOR, DPCN

18. ADVANTAGES
•Most powerful design.
•Decreases the effects of
extraneous variables
•Conditions can be
created.
•Greater degree of purity in
observation.
DISADVANTAGES
•Ethical problems.
•May harm to human
•In some setting hard to
control extraneous variable
•Some times impractical.
Lengthy process.
• difficult to get cooperation
participant.
True experimental design
7/20/2020 18MS.DHARA VYAS, ASSISTANT PROFESSOR, DPCN

19. Quasiexperimental
research design
Manipulation of independent
variable, but absence of either
randomization or control group.
7/20/2020 19MS.DHARA VYAS, ASSISTANT PROFESSOR, DPCN

20. Nonrandomized control
group design
----
Exp.
Group
Pretest Treatment
Post
test
Control
group
Pretest -----
Post
test
7/20/2020 20MS.DHARA VYAS, ASSISTANT PROFESSOR, DPCN

21. Time series design
Exp.
group
O1 O2
O3 TREATMENT
O1 O2
O3
7/20/2020 21MS.DHARA VYAS, ASSISTANT PROFESSOR, DPCN

22. ADVANTAGES
•More frequently used
more practical more
feasible.
•More suitable for
natural setting
DISADVANTAGES
•No control over
extraneous variable
•Absence of control
group
Advantages and disadvantages
of quasi-experimental design
7/20/2020 22MS.DHARA VYAS, ASSISTANT PROFESSOR, DPCN

23. Pre-experimental research
•One-shot case study
Exp.
group
Treatment Post test
7/20/2020 23MS.DHARA VYAS, ASSISTANT PROFESSOR, DPCN

24. One group pretest-post test
design
Exp.
group
Pretest Treatment Posttest
7/20/2020 24MS.DHARA VYAS, ASSISTANT PROFESSOR, DPCN

25. Non Experimental Research
Descriptive
study
Univarien
t
Explorator
y
Comparative
Correlational
design
Prospective
Retrospectiv
e
Developmental
design
Cross-
sectional
Longitudin
al
Epidemiolo
gical design
Case-control
studies
Cohort studies
surve
y
7/20/2020 25MS.DHARA VYAS, ASSISTANT PROFESSOR, DPCN

26. Descriptive study
Univarient
Exploratory
Comparative
7/20/2020 26MS.DHARA VYAS, ASSISTANT PROFESSOR, DPCN

27. • Prospective
• Retrospecti
ve
Correlational
design
7/20/2020 27MS.DHARA VYAS, ASSISTANT PROFESSOR, DPCN

28. Developmental research
design
7/20/2020 28MS.DHARA VYAS, ASSISTANT PROFESSOR, DPCN

29. Case-
control
studies
Cohort
studies
Epidemiologica
l design
7/20/2020 29MS.DHARA VYAS, ASSISTANT PROFESSOR, DPCN

30. Other research designs
Methodological studies
Meta analysis
Secondary data analysis
Outcome research
Evaluation studies
Operational research
7/20/2020 30MS.DHARA VYAS, ASSISTANT PROFESSOR, DPCN

31. 7/20/2020 31MS.DHARA VYAS, ASSISTANT PROFESSOR, DPCN

32. 7/20/2020 32MS.DHARA VYAS, ASSISTANT PROFESSOR, DPCN