The document provides an overview of the 10 major systems that make up the human body. It discusses the immune, integumentary, skeletal, muscular, nervous, endocrine, circulatory, reproductive, urinary, and digestive systems. For each system it describes the main functions, key organs and parts, and some relevant facts. The major body systems work together to keep the human body functioning through various biological processes like protection from pathogens, support and movement, regulating internal functions, absorption of nutrients, and waste removal.

1. Organ Systems
in the
Human Body
Presented by Essence Perry

2. SystemsThe human body
is classified in one
main way; body
systems

4. I. Immune System
Purpose:
❖ To protect the body from diseases,
bacteria, fungi, and viruses
Organs that make up the Immune System1. Thymus
2. Spleen
3. Lymph Nodes

5. Thymus
Definition:
❖ An organ situated in the neck that produces
T cells for the immune system. The human
thymus becomes much smaller at puberty.
❖

6. Spleen
Definition:
❖ An organ that produces, removes blood cells
and an important part of the immune system.

7. Lymph Nodes
Definition:
❖ Small, bean-shaped organs clustered
mostly in the neck, armpit and groin
with a type of white blood cell that
filters bacteria, viruses and other
foreign substances such as cancer
cells.

8. II. Integumentary
Function:
❖ Protects the body from various types of
external damage, e.i. excretion,
homeostasis, and melanin.
Examples of damage:
❖ Dehydration
❖ Abrasions
Organs:
❖ Skin

9. Skin or Dermis(3 layers)
EpidermisOuter layer
of skin,
sheds every
2 weeks
Hypodermis
Stores body
fat
DermisHair follicles
start here,
pain
sensors,
nerve
endings,
blood
vessels,
and glands.

10. III. Skeletal System
5 Purposes of the Skeletal System
I. Support
II. Protection
III. Mineral Storage
IV. Blood Cell Reproduction
V. Mineral Distributer

11. Skeletal System Fun Facts
● A baby is born with 300
bones
● An adult has 206 bones
● A female pelvis is larger
and flatter than a males

13. IV. Muscular System
3 Functions:
❖ Circulates blood/ other bodily fluids
❖ Help complete daily actions
❖ Maintain posture

14. Muscle Fun Facts
Muscles:
❖ Soft tissue that help complete daily actions
❖ You have 650 muscles
❖ Muscles take up ½ the weight of the human
body
❖ Muscles are 3x as dense as fat
❖ Nervous System control muscles
❖ There are 3 types of muscles smooth,
cardiac and skeletal

15. Smooth/Visceral Muscle
Found in:
❖ Stomach
❖ Intestines
❖ Blood vessels
Characteristics:
❖ Weakest of all muscles
❖ Involuntary
❖ Do not tire easy
❖ Not striated

16. Cardiac Muscle
Found in:
❖ Only the Heart
Characteristics:
❖ Pumps blood through body
❖ Involuntary
❖ Stimulates itself to contract

17. Skeletal Muscles
Found in:
❖ Connect to skeletons
Characteristics:
❖ Allow us to move
❖ Voluntary
❖ Striated
❖ Tendons attach muscles to bones
Striated:
❖ When a cell is banded, making it move
faster

18. Muscle Specialists
❖ Rheumatologist
❖ Orthopedists
❖ Neurologists

20. V. Nervous System
❖ The nervous system is a collection of nerves
and neurons that control the body
❖ There are 3 parts of the nervous systems,
cranial, autonomic, central.

21. Nervous System Organs/Parts
Central● Brain
● Spinal Cord
● Retina(in eyeball)
Cranial● Brain
● Eyes
● Nose
● Other parts of the
head
Autonomic● Lungs
● Heart
● Stomach
● Intestines
● Bladder
● Sex organs

22. Neurological Process
Neurons send signals through
a fiber, AXONS
Axons release junctions
called SYNAPSES
Synapses give commands in a
fraction of a millisecond

23. Neuron
in
action

24. Cervical- blue
Thoracic- pink
Lumbar- green
Sacral- orange

25. VI. Endocrine System
Function:
❖ Produces chemicals that control many of
the bodies activities, growth and
development
❖ Controls a body’s response to a drastic
event
❖ Produces hormones

26. VI. Endocrine System
Characteristics/ Facts:
❖ Made up of glands
❖ Releases/produces chemicals
❖ During changes in emotions, the Endocrine
system stops the hormones
❖ The Endocrine system releases chemicals
directly into the bloodstream

27. Endocrine System Glands/Parts
❖
❖
❖
❖
❖
❖
❖
❖
❖
Pituitary gland(brain)
Hypothalamus(brain)
Thyroid Gland
Parathyroid(brain)
Adrenal gland
Thymus gland
Pancreas Gland
Ovaries
Testes

29. Hormones Produced
❖ Regulate Metabolism
❖ Growth/Development (female-estrogen
male-testosterone)
❖ Tissue Function
❖ Sexual Function
❖ Reproduction
❖ Sleep and Mood

30. VIII.Circulatory System
Functions:
❖ Flows the blood
❖ Transports nutrients
❖ Spreads oxygen and other gases
❖ “Highway for blood”
❖ Carries hormones to and from cells
❖ Fights off diseases
❖ Homeostasis
❖ Stable pH balance
❖ Moves lymph (clear fluid that gets rid of
waste)

32. BLOOD FACTS❖ 2,000 gallons of blood travel through 60,000
miles of blood vessels
❖ Adults have 5-6 quarts of blood
❖ Blood is plasma, red blood cells, white
blood cells, and platelets.

33. How the Circulatory System works
The Circulatory system works on 3 systems:
● Heart(Cardiovascular)
● Lungs(Pulmonary)
● Arteries,veins,coronary, portals,and vessels
(Systematic)

34. Circulatory System
1.
The pulmonary circulatory system (lungs) sends oxygen deprived blood
from the heart
2.
Then returns oxygenated blood to the heart through the pulmonary vein.
3.
Oxygen-deprived blood enters the right artery of the heart and flows
through the right atrioventricular valve into the right ventricle (in the heart.)

35. Circulatory System 2.0
4. From there it is pumped through the pulmonary semilunar valve into the
pulmonary artery on its way to the lungs (heart to lungs.)
5. When it gets to the lungs, carbon dioxide is released from the blood and
oxygen is absorbed. The pulmonary vein sends the oxygen-rich blood back to
the heart.

36. Heart Diagram

37. IX.Reproductive System
Function:
❖ To create new life, offspring
❖ The female and male reproductive system is
entirely different

38. Male
Female

39. IX. Urinary System
Function:
❖ Release urine from the body
Organs/Parts:
❖ Kidneys
❖ Ureters
❖ Urethra
❖ Nephron
❖ Bladder

40. Urinary System Facts
❖ Adults have 1.42 liters of urine a day
❖ A healthy bladder can hold 16 oz. of urine
❖ Medication can affect the amount of urine
produced
❖ Beverages like coffee can increase urine
production
❖ Small amounts of urine are emptied into the
bladder from the ureters about every 10 to
15 seconds.

42. Urinary System
❖ The kidneys remove urea ( waste product
formed by the breakdown of proteins) from
the blood through small filtering units called
nephrons.
❖ Substances form as the urine passes
through the nephrons and down the renal
tubules of the kidney.
❖ From the kidneys, urine travels to the
bladder.

43. X. Digestive System
Functions:
● Breaks down food into useful molecules
● Moves molecules through the bloodstream
● Eliminates Waste

44. Organs/ Parts
I.
II.
III.
IV.
V.
VI.
VII.
VIII.
IX.
X.
XI.
Epiglottis
Liver
Gallbladder
Small Intestine
Mouth
Salivary Glands
Esophagus
Rectum/Anus
Stomach
Pancreas
Large Intestine

45. Digestion
Definition:
When the body breaks down food into small
nutrient molecules. Ex. Carbs break down into energy
Mechanical Digestion:
When the body is PHYSICALLY breaking down
food
Chemical Digestion:
When the CHEMICALLY body breaks down
food.

46. Absorption
Definition:
When nutrients pass the “digestive walls” into
the the bloodstream. Materials (fiber) are
absorbed and are eliminated into feces.

47. THANKS
www.brainpop.com
www.howstuffworks.com
www.livescience.com
www.animals.about.com
www.factspy.com